Abstract：
:Concerns have been raised in recent years on the potential risks related with pesticide mixtures that are likely to be present in agricultural edge-of-field waterbodies. Despite the high use of pesticides in tropical countries like Brazil, studies evaluating pesticide mixtures are especially scarce in the tropics. The insecticide abamectin and the fungicide difenoconazole are the main pesticides intensively used in Brazilian strawberry crop and are hence likely to occur simultaneously. The aim of the present study was therefore to evaluate the toxicity of abamectin, difenoconazole and their mixture to the tropical fish Danio rerio. Laboratory toxicity tests with the individual pesticides indicated 48 h-LC50 values of 59 μg L-1 for abamectin and 1.4 mg L-1 for difenoconazole. Mixtures of the two pesticides revealed a synergistic deviation of the independent action model. Implications of study findings for the aquatic risk assessment of pesticide mixtures, especially in tropical countries and indications for future research are discussed.
journal_name
Chemospherejournal_title
Chemosphereauthors
Sanches ALM,Vieira BH,Reghini MV,Moreira RA,Freitas EC,Espíndola ELG,Daam MAdoi
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.027subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-12-01 00:00:00pages
582-587eissn
0045-6535issn
1879-1298pii
S0045-6535(17)31441-8journal_volume
188pub_type
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