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Hematological indices of injury to lightly oiled birds from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.

Abstract：

:Avian mortality events are common following large-scale oil spills. However, the sublethal effects of oil on birds exposed to light external oiling are not clearly understood. We found that American oystercatchers (area of potential impact n = 42, reference n = 21), black skimmers (area of potential impact n = 121, reference n = 88), brown pelicans (area of potential impact n = 91, reference n = 48), and great egrets (area of potential impact n = 57, reference n = 47) captured between 20 June 2010 and 23 February 2011 following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill experienced oxidative injury to erythrocytes, had decreased volume of circulating erythrocytes, and showed evidence of a regenerative hematological response in the form of increased reticulocytes compared with reference populations. Erythrocytic inclusions consistent with Heinz bodies were present almost exclusively in birds from sites impacted with oil, a finding pathognomonic for oxidative injury to erythrocytes. Average packed cell volumes were 4 to 19% lower and average reticulocyte counts were 27 to 40% higher in birds with visible external oil than birds from reference sites. These findings provide evidence that small amounts of external oil exposure are associated with hemolytic anemia. Furthermore, we found that some birds captured from the area impacted by the spill but with no visible oiling also had erythrocytic inclusion bodies, increased reticulocytes, and reduced packed cell volumes when compared with birds from reference sites. Thus, birds suffered hematologic injury despite no visible oil at the time of capture. Together, these findings suggest that adverse effects of oil spills on birds may be more widespread than estimates based on avian mortality or severe visible oiling. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:451-461. © 2017 SETAC.

journal_name

Environ Toxicol Chem

journal_title

Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors

Fallon JA,Smith EP,Schoch N,Paruk JD,Adams EA,Evers DC,Jodice PGR,Perkins C,Schulte S,Hopkins WA

doi

10.1002/etc.3983

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-02-01 00:00:00

pages

451-461

issue

eissn

0730-7268

issn

1552-8618

journal_volume

pub_type

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Hematological indices of injury to lightly oiled birds from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.