Abstract：
:Chronic ear disease is a major cause of acquired hearing loss in the developing world. It is prevalent on every continent, but occurs more commonly in poorer nations owing to a lack of preventative measures. This article outlines the particular challenges in treating this disease in the developing world, including a discussion of surgical management and special situations. Otosclerosis is another surgically treatable cause of hearing loss that is found throughout the developing world. Surgeons working in these environments should be prepared to deal with advanced otosclerotic disease.
journal_name
Otolaryngol Clin North Amjournal_title
Otolaryngologic clinics of North Americaauthors
Master A,Wilkinson E,Wagner Rdoi
10.1016/j.otc.2018.01.017subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-06-01 00:00:00pages
593-605issue
3eissn
0030-6665issn
1557-8259pii
S0030-6665(18)30017-3journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Reconstruction of craniomaxillofacial defects caused by injury, tumor ablation, or congenital deformities can be accomplished by a variety of methods. Nonvascularized (free), vascularized (pedicled), and revascularized (microvascular) bone grafts have been employed for osseous restoration of the upper, mid, and lower ...
journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osseointegrated auditory devices (OADs) are hearing devices that use an external receiver/processor that stimulates bone conduction of sound via a titanium prosthesis that is drilled into the bone of the cranium. Since their introduction in 1977, OADs have undergone substantial evolution, including changes in manufact...
journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0030-6665(05)70117-1
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
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doi：
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.otc.2006.10.011
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
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journal_title：Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
