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Differential effects of adolescent and adult-initiated voluntary exercise on context and cued fear conditioning.

Abstract：

:Adolescence is a critical period for postnatal brain maturation and a time during which there is increased susceptibility to developing emotional and cognitive-related disorders. Exercise during adulthood has been shown to increase hippocampal plasticity and enhance cognition. However, the impact of exercise initiated in adolescence, on brain and behaviour in adulthood is not yet fully explored or understood. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of voluntary exercise that was initiated either during adolescence or early adulthood on cognitive performance in hippocampal and amygdala-dependent fear conditioning tasks in adulthood. Adult (eight weeks old) and adolescent (four weeks old) male Sprague Dawley rats had access to a running wheel (exercise) or were left undisturbed (sedentary control) for seven weeks. Adult-initiated exercise enhanced both contextual and cued fear conditioning, while conversely, exercise that began in adolescence did not affect performance in these tasks. These behaviours were accompanied by differential expression of plasticity-related genes in the hippocampus and amygdala in adulthood. Specifically, adolescent-initiated exercise increased the expression of an array of plasticity related genes in the hippocampus including BDNF, synaptophysin, Creb, PSD-95, Arc, TLX and DCX, while adult-initiated exercise did not affect hippocampal plasticity related genes. Together results show that exercise initiated during adolescence has a differential effect on hippocampal and amygdala-dependent behaviour and neuronal plasticity compared to when exercise was initiated in adulthood. These findings reinforce adolescence as a period during which environmental influences have a distinct impact on neuronal plasticity and cognition. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "Neurobiology of Environmental Enrichment".

journal_name

Neuropharmacology

journal_title

Neuropharmacology

authors

O'Leary JD,Hoban AE,Cryan JF,O'Leary OF,Nolan YM

doi

10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.05.007

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-02-01 00:00:00

pages

49-58

issue

Pt A

eissn

0028-3908

issn

1873-7064

pii

S0028-3908(18)30217-X

journal_volume

145

pub_type

杂志文章

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