Abstract:
:Diabetic macular edema (DME) represents the most common cause of vision loss in patients affected by diabetes mellitus. Although the pathophysiology of DME is not wholly understood, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been identified as a key contributor to the development of DME. In addition, latest information suggests that acute and chronic inflammatory changes occur, contributing to the DME pathogenesis. The current therapeutic approach for DME is mainly based on the administration of anti-VEGF molecules. In particular, VEGF-inhibitors that have been studied for diabetic retinopathy include pegaptanib, ranibizumab, bevacizumab, and aflibercept. The present review analyzes the main characteristics of each molecule, describing the most important results of clinical trails.
journal_name
Curr Pharm Desjournal_title
Current pharmaceutical designauthors
Bandello F,Cicinelli MV,Parodi MBdoi
10.2174/1381612821666150909095756subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
4731-7issue
32eissn
1381-6128issn
1873-4286pii
CPD-EPUB-70237journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The human herpesviruses herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) can cause severe recurrent disease in humans and establish lifelong infection in their hosts. Several antiviral therapies are available to control disease and spread, but these are not completely effective and do not affect latent virus. The ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161207781039760
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease featured by insulin deprivation caused by pancreatic β-cell loss, followed by hyperglycaemia. OBJECTIVE:Currently, there is no cure for this disease in clinical treatment, and patients have to accept a lifelong injection of insulin. The exploration of potentia...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612826666201217143403
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic pain is a widespread healthcare problem affecting not only the patient but in many ways all the society. Chronic pain is a disease itself that endures for a long period of time and it is resistant to the majority of medical treatments that provide modest improvements in pain and minimum improvements in physica...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612820666140314150634
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among postmenopausal women in western societies. There are still no specific and highly efficient methods of preservation of women's vascular health in modern preventive medicine. For many years physicians have assumed that hormone replacement...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666151112150520
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders associated with conformational conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) into an isoform designated PrP(Sc). The pathogenic mechanism that links this conformational distortion with the development of prion diseases is unknown. PrP(C) is a GPI-anchored cell s...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161206777698873
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of the cell cycle and RNA polymerase II transcription. Several pharmacological CDK inhibitors (PCIs) are currently in clinical trials as potential cancer therapeutics since CDK hyperactivation is detected in the majority of neoplasias. Within the last few years, the a...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161206777442083
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. Research focused on identifying compounds that restore cognition and memory in AD patients is a very active investigational pursuit, but unfortunately, it has been only successful in terms of developing symptomatic treatments. Aβ deposition a...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612821666150914121149
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia is characterised by positive, negative, cognitive, depressive and anxiety symptoms. Over the last decades a number of novel treatment strategies with better clinical efficacy and scope, but with lower side-effect profiles have been developed. These have significantly improved the management and prognosis...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612821666150605105215
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The brain is a complex, regulated organ with a highly controlled access mechanism: The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB). The selectivity of this barrier is a double-edged sword, being both its greatest strength and weakness. This weakness is evident when trying to target therapeutics against diseases within the brain. Diseas...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612824666171201115126
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Plants have been used to treat health disorders and prevent diseases since antiquity in all civilizations including the Indian and Chinse civilizations. Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia L.) is one of the most important medicinal plants in Indian folk medicine and is commonly known as the "Heart-leaved Moonseed" o...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612826666200625111530
更新日期:2020-06-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUNDS:Targeted therapy is the foundation of personalized medicine in cancer, which is often understood as the right patient using the right drug. Thinking from the viewpoint of determinants during personalized drug treatment, the genetics, epigenetics and metagenomics would provide individual-specific biological ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612824666181106102111
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a valuable intracardiac device--based treatment option for a subgroup of patients with advanced heart failure (HF) and QRS prolongation. However, still a significant proportion of patients do not benefit from CRT implantation, labeled as non-responders. OBJECTIVES:...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612825666190621155718
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the significant progresses made in antiretroviral therapy, current drugs still cannot cure or prevent HIV infection. And all drugs continue to select for drug-resistant HIV strains. Consequently, new antiretroviral drugs are constantly being developed. To ensure safety, these drugs are usually designed to inhi...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612043382422
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cancer is the world's second-largest cause of death, with an estimated 9.6 million fatalities in 2018. Malignant tumour (cancer) is caused by a mixture of genetic modifications due to the environmental variables that tend to activate or inactivate different genes, ultimately resulting in neoplastic transform...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612826666200701151403
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are multifactorial and include genetic and environmental factors. Nowadays, it is well accepted that neuronal loss is driven by non-cell autonomous toxicity. Non-neuronal cells, such as astrocytes, have been described to significantly c...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612823666170615110856
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and the less understood aspect of the disease. Its recognition and treatment continue to represent a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Due to the lack of co...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161208799316401
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Protective effect of pretreatment with ghrelin against different forms of acute pancreatitis (AP) has been recently reported. Moreover, the healing properties of this peptide have been proved in AP evoked by cerulein. However, no studies have investigated whether the administration of ghrelin affects the cou...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612821666150105152553
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effective blood pressure control with a large arsenal of conventional antihypertensive drugs, such as diuretics, beta-adrenergic blockers, and calcium channel blockers, significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease. However, blood pressure control with these drugs does not red...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161207780618876
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Erectile dysfunction (ED) is an evolving health problem in the aging male population. Chronic low-grade inflammation is a critical component of ED pathogenesis and a probable intermediate stage of endothelial dysfunction, especially in metabolic diseases, with the inclusion of obesity, metabolic syndrome, an...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612826666200424161018
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Separating emotions from cognition seems impossible in everyday experiences of a human being. Emotional processes have an impact on the ability of planning and solving problems, or decision-making skills. They are a valuable source of information about ourselves, our partners in interactions and the surrounding world....
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666151230110738
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Philosophers have been trying to solve the mind-body problem for hundreds of years. Consciousness is the core of this problem: How do subjective conscious sensations, perceptions, feelings, and thoughts arise out of objective physical brain activities? How is this subjective conscious world in causal interaction with ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The substantial morbidity and mortality associated with invasive fungal infections constitute undisputed tokens of their severity. The continued expansion of susceptible population groups (such as immunocompromised individuals, patients undergoing extensive surgery, and those hospitalized with serious underlying disea...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161211795703753
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among pediatric patients, preterm neonates and newborns are the most vulnerable subpopulation. Rapid developmental changes of physiological factors affecting the pharmacokinetics of drug substances in newborns require extreme care in dose and dose regimen decisions. These decisions could be supported by in silico meth...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612821666150901110533
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Withdrawn by the publisher. ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2018-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::Enkephalins play a great role in management of pain, blood pressure, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Enkephalins are short-lived molecules being rapidly hydrolyzed following their synaptic release by enkephalin degrading enzymes. The inhibitors of enkephalin degrading enzymes are able to prolong the duration...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161212799040547
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The deregulated proteolysis is associated with various diseases in humans. Proteases are commonly regarded as the therapeutic targets. Almost one-third of all proteolytic enzymes in humans are serine proteases. This work provides a brief characteristic of the proteinaceous natural inhibitors, mostly of serine protease...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The beneficial effect of antihypertensive treatment on the risk of major vascular events is well established. Several trials comparing older and newer drugs in the treatment of primary hypertension suggested that it is the blood pressure achieved, rather than choice of the drug that determines most of the primary outc...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161207779313713
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural product drugs that target the tubulin/microtubule system remain an important component in the therapeutic arsenal to treat many types of malignancies. Agents such as the taxanes and vinca alkaloids bind to beta-tubulin and disrupt microtubule dynamics by inducing a potent mitotic block and subsequent cell deat...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612053764706
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chemical structure of polyphenols consisting of aromatic rings, capable of quenching free radicals, makes them ideal candidates to protect against oxidation. Polyphenols are present in a variety of foods including grapes, berries, dark chocolate, coffee and tea to mention a few. A number of studies have shown that...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612823666170329144307
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The disappointing results in long-term survival of patients affected by non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may be attributed, at least in part, to the lack of knowledge on the way by which genetic characteristics in normal and neoplastic cells affect responsiveness as well as metabolism of chemotherapy and new targete...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/13816128113196660756
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00