One stage curative resection of double intestinal neuroendocrine tumors with thirty-two bilobar liver metastases. A case report.

Abstract:

:Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) of the midgut are often multifocal and have a noticeable attitude to metastasize to locoregional lymph nodes and liver. Surgery is the only curative treatment for metastatic NETs of the midgut, even though only a minority of patients are candidates to radical surgical resection. The optimal timing for surgical resection in case of synchronous presentation of primary intestinal neoplasms and resectable LM is still controversial, especially when LM are multiple and/or involve multiple liver segments. Even though a staged approach with initial intestinal resection followed by liver resection is still preferred, recent studies have shown favourable results for simultaneous procedures, which have the striking advantage of avoiding a second laparotomy, with morbidity and mortality rates comparable to staged resections. We report here the case of a patient with double midgut well-differentiated NET and thirty-two synchronous bilobar LM who received successful simultaneous curative right hemicolectomy and radical but conservative liver resection and radiofrequency thermal ablation with the guidance of intraoperative ultrasonography. He is alive without evidence of recurrence 48 months after surgery. :I tumori neuroendocrini (NETs) dell’intestino (midgut) sono spesso multifocali ed hanno l’attitudine a dare metastasi ai linfonodi locoregionali ed al fegato. La chirurgia rappresenta attualmente l’unico trattamento ad intento curativo per i NETs dell’intestino con metastasi a distanza, sebbene solo una minoranza di pazienti possa essere di fatto candidata ad un intervento chirurgico ad intento curativo. La strategia chirurgica ottimale nel caso di una neoplasia dell’intestino con metastasi epatiche sincrone resecabili è tuttora controversa, specie nel caso in cui le metastasi epatiche siano multiple e/o coinvolgano multipli segmenti epatici. Sebbene nella maggioranza dei casi si preferisca procedere ad un intervento chirurgico in due tempi, di regola alla resezione intestinale seguita a distanza varabile di tempo dalla resezione epatica, alcuni recenti studi stanno ad indicare che un intervento simultaneo di resezione intestinale ed epatica è possibile in casi selezionati, con risultati clinici paragonabili a quelli descritti per gli interventi chirurgici in due tempi; il notevole vantaggio degli interventi simultanei è tuttavia rappresentato dalla possibilità di eseguire in un unico tempo un intervento potenzialmente radicale evitando una seconda laparotomia. Riportiamo il caso clinico di un paziente giunto alla nostra osservazione con una doppia neoplasia neuroendocrina dell’ileo terminale e del colon ascendente, rispettivamente, con multiple metastasi epatiche bilobari, sintomatica per la presenza di rush cutanei e diarrea. Una pancolonscopia aveva evidenziato un NET ben differenziato dell’intestino esprimente Sinaptofisina e Cromogranina A. La biopsia di una delle metastasi epatiche confermava che anche la neoplasia metastatica era ben differenziata. L’imaging preoperatrorio escludeva la presenza di metastasi extraepatiche. Il paziente veniva pertanto sottoposto ad un intervento chirurgico simultaneo di emicolectomia destra e resezione epatica ecoguidata “radicale ma conservativa”; nel complesso 32 metastasi epatiche bilobari venivano individuate e resecate in maniera radicale mediante l’impiego dell’ecografia intraoperatoria; un nodulo subcentimetrico posto nella profondità del parenchima epatico veniva sottoposto a termoablazione con radiofrequenza. La resezione epatica veniva condotta a termine con clampaggio intermittente dell’ilo epatico, della durata complessiva di 92 minuti. La durata complessiva dell’intervento chirurgico era di 680 minuti. Non si erano tuttavia rese necessarie emotrasfusioni intraoperatorie. Il paziente veniva dimesso in 15a giornata p.o. senza complicanze; il successivo decorso era complicato dalla comparsa, in 24a giornata postoperatoria, di una polmonite basale destra, regredita con terapia antibiotica. Successivamente il paziente veniva sottoposto a terapia con octreotide acetato (Sandostatina LAR). A distanza di 48 mesi dall’intervento chirurgico il paziente è in eccellenti condizioni cliniche e senza evidenza di recidive neoplastiche. Il caso descritto dimostra che, in casi selezionati di tumore neuroendocrino intestinale con metastasi limitate al fegato, una resezione simultanea intestinale ed epatica è possibile anche in presenza di metastasi epatiche multiple bilobari, a patto di eseguire una resezione epatica conservativa eco-guidata, ovvero con l’obiettivo di massimizzare il risparmio di parenchima epatico sano. Tale strategia chirurgica può consentire di ottenere risultati oncologici soddisfacenti anche a distanza.

journal_name

Ann Ital Chir

authors

Mirarchi M,De Raffele E,Cuicchi D,Lecce F,Cruciani G,Cola B

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-07-01 00:00:00

pages

317-22

issue

4

eissn

0003-469X

issn

2239-253X

pii

S0003469X15023829

journal_volume

86

pub_type

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