Abstract:
:The e-wave and a delayed-OFF increase in extracellular K+ concentration are both maximum in the distal half of the inner plexiform layer. These responses also have similar latency, time-course, intensity-dependence, surround properties, and sensitivity to tetrodotoxin. Current source-density analysis of the e-wave reveals a current sink through the proximal retina, a source at the retinal surface, and, in some cases, a weaker source in the mid-retina. These results suggest a model for e-wave generation: delayed-OFF activity in proximal neurons releases K+, which enters Muller cells in the inner plexiform layer; a current exists Muller cells primarily via their endfeet, and the return flow through extracellular space produces the e-wave.
journal_name
Vision Resjournal_title
Vision researchauthors
Karwoski CJ,Newman EAdoi
10.1016/0042-6989(88)90136-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-01-01 00:00:00pages
1095-105issue
10eissn
0042-6989issn
1878-5646pii
0042-6989(88)90136-8journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VISION RESEARCH文献大全abstract::Contrast modulation affords independent control of static contrast (C) and changes in contrast (delta C). We found that in anesthetized, paralyzed cats, the visual evoked potential (VEP) was dependent only on magnitude of delta C at each pattern transition, and was independent of the starting or ending contrast level....
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(91)90128-r
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present paper reports results of a dual task study in which two locations were endogenously cued as possible target locations, while only one eye movement had to be executed. During the cue period, letters were briefly presented at the saccade goals and at no-saccade goals. Results show that performance was better...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2005.02.002
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A dichoptic display in which the images are cyclorotated in opposite directions does not appear inclined. This suggests that perceived inclination depends on the difference between horizontal-shear and vertical-shear disparity. Large random-dot stereoscopic displays were presented with various types of shear disparity...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(94)90237-2
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior research has suggested that two types of fast eye movements (FEMs) can be distinguished behaviorally. Foveating saccades respond to salient peripheral targets by directing the target image to the fovea. Non-foveating saccades include other FEMs such as nystagmus quick phase, saccades without visual stimuli and v...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(91)90173-3
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between perceived visual direction and retinal location has been considered to be specified at birth and unmodifiable. We found that small changes occurred in the visual direction associated with a peripheral retinal location when the amplitudes of saccadic eye movements to a target imaged at that loca...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90161-7
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Foley [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 11 (1994) 1710] has proposed an influential psychophysical model of masking in which mask components in a contrast gain pool are raised to an exponent before summation and divisive inhibition. We tested this summation rule in experiments in which contrast detection thresholds were measured fo...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00291-7
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two distinct paradigms have characterized most previous studies of texture perception: one has dealt with texture segregation, the other with the processing of texture gradients. Typically, studies of texture segregation have used stimuli with abrupt textural variations, whereas studies of texture gradient processing ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(95)00123-9
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A theory of retinal colour coding based closely on recent anatomical and physiological results is presented. Opponent colour channels are shown to be an inevitable result of any randomly distributed retinal cone mosaic, the structure of red-green opponent colour channels remaining uninfluenced by a predominance of "re...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(83)90128-1
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Westwood and Goodale (this issue) review the evidence for distinct visual streams for action and perception. They argue that, on balance, both the neuropsychological and psychophysical data support this distinction. They claim that critical results were either statistically inconclusive (because they consisted of nega...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2011.02.003
更新日期:2011-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::The integration of spatially distinct elements into coherent objects is a fundamental process of vision. Yet notwithstanding an extensive literature on perceptual grouping, we still lack a clear understanding of the representational consequences of grouping disparate visual locations. We investigated this question in ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.08.014
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the ability of humans to read subtle changes in facial expression, we applied reverse correlation technique to reveal visual features that mediate understanding of emotion expressed by the face. Surprising findings were that (1) the noise added to a test face image had profound effect on the facial expression...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2003.11.027
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated whether the directional effect on the kappa effect can be attributed to the directional anisotropy of retinotopical space or to the representation of forces provided by environmental contexts (e.g., gravity) in an observed event. We examined whether different contexts with similar directional changes (...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2011.05.016
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A change in the basic-level class when viewing a sequence of two objects produces a large release from adaptation in LOC compared to when the images are identical. Is this due to a change in semantics or shape? In an fMRI-adaptation experiment, subjects viewed a sequence of two objects and judged whether the stimuli w...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.06.020
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A panel of anti-bovine rhodopsin monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) of defined site-specificity has been prepared and used for functional and topographic studies of rhodopsins. In order to select these antibodies, hybridoma supernatants that contained anti-rhodopsin antibodies have been screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbe...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(91)90069-h
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the influence of five days of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on the acquisition and consolidation of visual perceptual learning using a motion direction discrimination (MDD) task. The timing of exercise relative to learning was manipulated by administering exercise either before or after p...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2017.08.007
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::By inducing feature-contingent depth aftereffects, we show that the human visual system combines feature information with depth information. These contingent aftereffects were revealed through the use of a novel selective adaptation paradigm whose stimuli required the combination of feature and depth information in or...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00294-2
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been proposed that there is a perceptual compensation for the difference between the speeds of light and sound. We examined this possibility using a range of auditory-visual tasks, in which performance depends on the relative timing of auditory and visual information, and manipulated viewing distance to test fo...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2004.11.014
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have found large misperceptions when subjects are reporting the perceived angle between two directions of motion moving transparently at an acute angle, the so called motion repulsion. While these errors have been assumed to be caused by interactions between the two directions present, we reassessed t...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(99)00025-5
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Color samples selected from the OSA Uniform Color Scales set were seen isolated in a dark field, illuminated by hidden projectors. These appeared as self-luminous aperture colors when thus isolated. We employed a categorical color-naming procedure to assess color appearance. Achromatic surrounds of 33 min width, if ad...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90099-0
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the performance of human observers to identify three-dimensional (3D) shape from motion induced by exploratory head movements. Subjects categorized 3D quadratic surfaces with randomly chosen shape but with a fixed amount of curvature in one of eight shape categories. Human observers had their best performa...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90151-l
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We explored perceptual factors that might account for the other-race classification advantage (ORCA) in classifying faces by race. Testing Chinese participants in China and Israeli participants in Israel we show that: (a) The distinction between Chinese and Israeli faces is highly accurate even on the basis of isolate...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2011.10.001
更新日期:2011-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::Prior studies using brief stimulus sequences revealed "opponent shape aftereffects", indicative of direct opponent coding of global shape attributes such as aspect ratio, skew, taper, curvature, and convexity (perhaps in IT). Further, aftereffects from overlapped opponent pairs of adaptor shapes (e.g., concave and con...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(02)00683-1
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Luminance contrast discrimination was measured in 14 patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and 14 control observers with normal vision, using steady-pedestal and pulsed-pedestal paradigms [Pokorny, J., & Smith, V. C. (1997). Psychophysical signatures associated with magnocellular and parvocellular pathway contrast g...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00286-8
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::When two sinusoidal gratings of the same orientation and similar spatial frequency are summed, the resulting pattern has a periodic spatial variation or beat in contrast. Although the pattern contains no luminance modulation component at the beat frequency, it behaves in some respects as if it did: human observers for...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90035-7
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lenses from 27 human eyes ranging in age from 10 to 87 years were used to determine how accommodation and age affect the optical properties of the lens. A scanning laser technique was used to measure focal length and spherical aberration of the lenses, while the lenses were subjected to stretching forces applied throu...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00102-8
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Qualitative defects and resistances in 94 used gold foil electrodes were examined. The electrodes were divided into four groups of varying resistances and gold coating defects. Ten were randomly selected from each group to measure standard photopic electroretinograms (ERGs) in a normal subject. Ten new electrodes were...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(95)00046-3
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-Fourier motion is now commonplace in research on visual motion perception, yet lacks a computational framework. This paper examines this issue based on the observation that many non-Fourier motion stimuli have a simple characterization in the frequency domain, in terms of oriented power distributions that lie alon...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(94)90278-x
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The retinae of two species of teleosts, the rippled blenny Istiblennius edentulus and the blue tusk fish Choerodon albigena are examined in wholemount. The retinal topography of Nissl-stained cells within the ganglion cell layer in each species reveals a temporal (4.32 x 10(4) cells per mm2) and a nasal (3.83 x 10(4) ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90089-8
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spectral sensitivity and the spatial selectivity was studied both psychophysically and electroretinographically using the pattern onset-offset paradigm. All measurements were made under intensive yellow adaptation. The spectral sensitivity functions of both measures were in close agreement. They showed a peak at 4...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90084-a
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory, cognitive and motor processing can result in changes of the ongoing EEG in form of an event-related desynchronization (ERD) or event-related synchronization (ERS). Both phenomena are time-locked but not phase-locked to the event and they are highly frequency-band specific. The ERD is interpreted as a correlat...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00235-2
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00