Abstract：
:This article aims to define a value-based approach to pricing and reimbursement for off-patent originators using a multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) approach centered on a systematic analysis of current pricing and reimbursement policies in China. A drug price policy review was combined with a quantitative analysis of China's drug purchasing database. Policy preferences were identified through a MCDA performed by interviewing well-known academic experts and industry stakeholders. The study findings indicate that the current Chinese price policy includes cost-based pricing and the establishment of maximum retail prices and premiums for off-patent originators, whereas reference pricing may be adopted in the future. The literature review revealed significant differences in the dissolution profiles between originators and generics; therefore, dissolution profiles need to be improved. Market data analysis showed that the overall price ratio of generics and off-patent originators was around 0.54-0.59 in 2002-2011, with a 40% price difference, on average. Ten differentiating value attributes were identified and MCDA was applied to test the impact of three pricing policy scenarios. With the condition of implementing quality consistency regulations and controls, a reduction in the price gap between high-quality off-patent products (including originator and generics) seemed to be the preferred policy. Patents of many drugs will expire within the next 10 years; thus, pricing will be an issue of importance for off-patent originators and generic alternatives.
journal_name
Appl Health Econ Health Policyjournal_title
Applied health economics and health policyauthors
Hu S,Zhang Y,He J,Du L,Xu M,Xie C,Peng Y,Wang Ldoi
10.1007/s40258-014-0150-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-08-01 00:00:00pages
S13-20eissn
1175-5652issn
1179-1896journal_volume
13 Suppl 1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：CONTEXT:The in-hospital costs of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) have not been well established. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the in-hospital costs of ECMO technology in both US and non-US settings for all patient types. DATA SOURCES:Systematic review of English-language articles, using the PubMed, Embase, Web of...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s40258-015-0170-9
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The main purpose of this study is to measure the technical efficiency of twenty health systems in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region to inform evidence-based health policy decisions. In addition, the effects of alternative stochastic frontier model specification on the empirical results are examin...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40258-016-0230-9
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This research seeks to identify the relationship between economic factors related to the ability to receive and pay for health services and adverse cancer outcomes, as well as preventative screening and behavioral factors that influence the risk of cancer. We focus on the Northern High Plains region, where w...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40258-014-0099-4
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Limited empirical evidence exists regarding the effect of price changes on hospital behavior and, ultimately, the quality of care. Additionally, an overview of the results of prior literature is lacking. OBJECTIVE:This study aims to provide a synthesis of existing research concerning the relationship betwee...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s40258-020-00577-6
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Healthcare reforms aim to change certain parts of the health system to improve quality of care, access, or financial sustainability. Traditionally, healthcare reform is understood as an action undertaken by a government at a national or local level. However, bottom-up changes can also lead to improvements in the healt...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40258-017-0315-0
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Costs of chronic wound care are significant, but systematic reviews of cost-effectiveness studies regarding guideline-based or strategic interventions are scarce. OBJECTIVES:Our objectives were to assess/compare the cost effectiveness of new interventions/systems designed to improve the prevention/treatment...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s40258-014-0094-9
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the review is to establish whether, on the basis of previous published evidence, current accepted guidance for health economic evaluation needs to be adapted to evaluate healthcare based on use of genetic information. Online literature search strategies were designed (using PubMed and the NHS Economic Evalu...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2165/00148365-200605010-00004
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper examines the use of propensity score matching in economic analyses of observational data. Several excellent papers have previously reviewed practical aspects of propensity score estimation and other aspects of the propensity score literature. The purpose of this paper is to compare the conceptual foundation...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40258-013-0075-4
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to construct an early economic evaluation for acalabrutinib for relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) to assist early reimbursement decision making. Scenarios were assessed to find the relative impact of critical parameters on incremental costs and quality-adjusted life...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Generic substitution has been introduced in most countries in order to reduce costs and improve access to drugs. However, regulations and the generic drugs available vary between countries. It is the prescriber or dispenser of the drug who is the final decision maker. Nevertheless, physicians'...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) and amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC) are both indicated for treating invasive fungal infections (IFIs) caused by Aspergillus, Candida and Cryptococcus spp. among patients who are refractory to or intolerant of conventional amphotericin B (CAB). Prior studies have suggested...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40258-013-0072-7
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) have been performed for oral non-disease-altering osteoarthritis (OA) treatments for well over a decade. During that period the methods for performing these analyses have evolved as pharmacoeconomic methods have advanced, new treatments have been introduced, and the knowled...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The South Korean Government recently announced a reform in the drug anti-rebate law, with the purpose of eradicating pervasive, unethical, and illegal rebate practices in pharmaceutical marketing. The main objective of this reform is to have the ability to bring criminal charges against doctors and pharmacists for rec...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s40258-013-0029-x
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Smoking is an expensive habit. Smoking households spend, on average, more than $US1000 annually on cigarettes. When a family member quits, in addition to the former smoker's improved long-term health, families benefit because savings from reduced cigarette expenditures can be allocated to other goods. For households i...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2165/00148365-200403040-00009
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF03261872
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper critically evaluates the estimates of the cost of Medicare for All (M4A) in the USA. Six studies that estimate the 1-year total cost of M4A in the USA are reviewed. These studies find that M4A would increase national health spending by as much as 16.9% or decrease it by 20.0%, representing a range of estima...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40258-021-00636-6
更新日期：2021-01-25 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Price, income and health status are likely to affect the demand for healthcare in developing countries, and their quantitative effects are unclear in the literature. Some studies report that prices are not important determinants, while others conclude that prices are important determinants of the demand for ...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03256160
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Updated treatment guidelines for atrial fibrillation (AF) have been released by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK, and highlight a current shortfall in the prescription of anticoagulants to patients with AF for stroke prevention. OBJECTIVE:To design a budget impact model...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40258-015-0180-7
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40258-018-0434-2
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s40258-018-0427-1
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40258-018-0412-8
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects approximately 3 million people in the UK. An 8-week pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) course is recommended under current guidelines. However, studies show that initial benefits diminish over time. OBJECTIVE:We present here an economic evaluation conducted al...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s40258-015-0199-9
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Total hip replacement (THR) must be managed in a more sustainable manner. More cost-effective surgical techniques and the centralization/regionalization of services are two solutions. The former requires an assessment of newer minimally invasive and muscle-sparing surgical techniques. The latter necessitates...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40258-016-0260-3
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mandatory nature of recommendations made by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK has highlighted inherent difficulties in the process of disinvestment in existing technologies to fund NICE-approved technologies. A lack of evidence on candidate technologies means that the proce...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03256137
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cancer in Taiwan. For males in Taiwan, it is the most dangerous cancer, with both the highest incidence and mortality rate. OBJECTIVE:To determine cancer-related medical care costs for long-term survivors of HCC. METHODS:The estimation of the lifetim...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2165/00148365-200806010-00005
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:From 2000 to 2004, primary care organisations (PCOs) in England were legally required to operate a prescribing incentive scheme for their general practices. A statutory framework specified the types of target, maximum rewards and use of 'good cause for failure' provisions that schemes should include. Our o...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2165/00148365-200504020-00005
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Conventional intraoperative sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in breast cancer (BC) has limitations in establishing a definitive diagnosis of metastasis intraoperatively, leading to an unnecessary second operation. The one-step nucleic amplification assay (OSNA) provides accurate intraoperative diagnosis and...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40258-016-0235-4
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare but fatal disease. Little is known about the economic burden associated with PAH patients in the US. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to estimate excess direct costs associated with privately insured PAH patients in the US. METHODS:From a privately ...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2165/11592430-000000000-00000
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Immunization rates for human papillomavirus (HPV) infections remain low among teenagers despite strong evidence of the effectiveness of vaccines. Physician recommendations of the vaccine are far from universal. Several states have enacted policies that mandate HPV vaccination or distribute educational materi...
journal_title：Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40258-016-0225-6
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
