Abstract:
:The influence of exercise training on plasma amino acid concentrations at rest and after exercise was examined in a highly trained group of humans and compared with the response of a control group of nontrained healthy humans. After a bout of intense exercise at the same relative work load, the trained group exhibited significantly (28%) higher plasma concentrations of alanine compared with the nontrained group (nontrained = 313.4 microM, trained = 401.3 microM). Other differences in plasma amino acid concentrations after exercise were related to initial differences present at rest before exercise. At rest, the trained group exhibited significantly higher plasma concentrations of leucine, isoleucine, and tyrosine. Post-exercise ammonia and lactate levels were not significantly different between the two groups when any pre-exercise differences were statistically accounted for. Alanine plays a central role as a primary gluconeogenic substrate and as an ammonia carrier. Therefore, in light of the results presented here, we propose that the higher alanine levels observed in the endurance-trained athletes after exercise may play a physiologically relevant role in accommodation to the metabolic demands of exercise.
journal_name
Int J Sports Medjournal_title
International journal of sports medicineauthors
Einspahr KJ,Tharp Gdoi
10.1055/s-2007-1024908subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-08-01 00:00:00pages
233-6issue
4eissn
0172-4622issn
1439-3964journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::An in vitro method has been developed of cultivating anatomically intact articular cartilage (humeral head of dog) while excluding both bone tissue and other connective tissues with a condom, which controls changes in hydration and minimizes loss of proteoglycans. Compressive loading experiments were carried out with ...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-972661
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This prospective experimental study aimed to compare effects of 3 different home-based postoperative respiratory muscle training protocols - inspiratory, expiratory and combined, in the patients' postoperative recovery, regarding safety and respiratory muscle function, pulmonary function, physical fitness, physical ac...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/a-1096-0913
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to compare heart rate variability (HRV) recovery after two iso-volume (5 km) exercises performed at different intensities. 14 subjects volunteered (25.17±5.08 years; 74.7±6.28 kg; 175±0.05 cm; 59.56±5.15 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1)) and after determination of peak oxygen uptake (VO2Peak) and the speed ...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0042-100292
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::External counterpulsation (ECP), an electrocardiogram-led sequential compression of lower limbs, has been recently proposed for sports recovery, but research is scant. This study examined the effects of an ECP session upon neuromuscular function (vertical jump and torque/velocity characteristics), biochemical response...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/a-0923-9144
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied 12 highly trained athletes, 6 male ice-hockey players and 6 cross-country skiers (2 females, 4 males). All of them participated in a maximal electrically braked bicycle ergometer test in a hypobaric chamber at the simulated altitude of 3000m (520 mmHg) and in normobaric conditions two days apart in random o...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1055/s-2007-972968
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electromyographic (EMG) activity of seven muscles of the trunk and lower extremity in five male masters level ski racers during a slalom turn in both alpine skiing and in-line skating was recorded using a telemetry system. Measurements were made on separate testing days using slopes commonly used in each activity ...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-971943
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to examine the effects of administration of a GABAergic agonist (Baclofen) on run-time to exhaustion in trained and untrained rats, and on some indicators of fatigue. Run-time to exhaustion on a treadmill set at a speed of 25 m.min-1 was significantly increased in both untrained (p < 0.0...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-972598
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of aero style handlebars has gained popularity in triathlons and individual time trial events recently. The effect of using these handlebars has only been examined during short term exercise. It was the aim of this investigation to compare time to exhaustion and selected measures of ventilation, gas exchange a...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1021013
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and the repeatability of a new running computer system (RS800sd, Polar, Kempele, Finland) which included the measurement of running speed (RS) and stride rate (SR). Eight well-trained triathletes participated in this study. First, they completed an incremental con...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0028-1105936
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain 5-HT neurotransmission has been described to be down-regulated in depressed people, and also suspected to be changed in overtraining state, the consequence of long-term physical overloading and stress in athletes. We studied brain serotonin (5-HT) transporter binding i.e., 5-HT reuptake with the specific radioli...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2005-872930
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aerobic performance is negatively impacted by tropical climate due to impairment of thermoregulatory mechanisms. We tested the hypothesis that a torso application of a 4% menthol solution would have the same effect on a best performance 10-km run as an external use of cold water. Thirteen trained male athletes complet...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/a-1062-6520
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although analysis of lactate concentrations with a Yellow Springs Instruments (YSI) automated analyzer has become very popular in Sports Medicine, the accuracy and reliability of this technique has not been carefully studied. Additionally, the influence of a common lysing agent Triton X-100 (TX) on blood lactate measu...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1021231
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ventilatory (anaerobic) threshold during short-term exercise has been defined as the O2 uptake (VO2) immediately below the VO2 at which pulmonary ventilation (VE) increases disproportionally relative to VO2 and the ventilatory threshold for long-term exercise as the VO2 immediately below the VO2 at which the VE co...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025730
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biomechanical parameters are often analyzed independently, although running gait is a dynamic system wherein changes in one parameter are likely to affect another. Accordingly, the Volodalen® method provides a model for classifying running patterns into 2 categories, aerial and terrestrial, using a global subjective r...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0035-1555931
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of two 4-week training programs on knee flexor and extensor strength were measured isokinetically (angular velocity 30 degrees, 180 degrees/s) and isometrically in division IV soccer players. Group A followed a team training program and group B an individual weight training program. Group C served as contr...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025829
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circulating progenitor cells (CPC) are bone marrow-derived cells that are mobilized into the circulation. While exercise is a powerful mediator of hematopoiesis, CPC levels increase, and reports of their activation after different types of exercise are contradictory. Moreover, few studies have compared the possible ef...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1055/s-0034-1394394
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of a short, supramaximal task of 30 s duration on plasma volume (PV) was tested in 14 female physical education students. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), and osmolality (Osm) were tested pre- and post-exercise. Performance of the exercise test, consisting of 30 s all-out pedaling against a load of 4.4...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1026093
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 14 junior elite Olympic weight lifters and 14 controls (means +/- Se, age = 18.4 +/- 0.5 and 17.8 +/- 0.4 years, weight = 76.5 +/- 3.6 and 78.8 +/- 3.3 kg, % fat = 6.5% +/- 0.8% and 11.5% +/- 1.7%, respectively). Controls were individually matched to the lifters to w...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1024923
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acute effect of weightlifting on beta-endorphin and estradiol was studied in experienced female recreational weightlifters. Five eumenorrheic females completed two months of testing, each with a different sequence of testing conditions (SEQ1 and SEQ2). In SEQ1, a week of weight maintenance diet and prescribed exer...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1021313
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:To define the respective roles of the periphery and central oxygen transport in the exercise limitation of heart transplanted patients (HTR), we compared 11 HTR (15.1 +/- 10.8 months after transplantation) to six age and weight matched normal controls (C), during an incremental exercise test (30 W/3 min step...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-972847
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated the respiratory effects of a single dive in children. Eighteen young divers and 18 controls participated in our study (age range: 9 - 13 years). Volumes and expiratory flow rates were measured 20 minutes before and 10 minutes after one air dive (3 meters, 25 minutes). Before the dive, no differenc...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2006-923810
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Caffeine has many diverse physiological effects including central nervous system stimulation. Ventilatory threshold and a recently described heart rate variability threshold both have a relationship with autonomic control that could be altered by caffeine consumption. The purpose of this investigation was to...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1301904
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-six male runners aged 14-16 years not yet specifically trained for sprint or middle-distance running performed a field test with distances of 25 m, 75 m, and 1000 m. Before the field test they were designated as sprinters (n = 19) and middle-distance runners (n = 7) according to their self-assessment and the es...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1024855
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skeletal muscle, as a producer of glutamine, is important for lymphocytes, monocytes and macrophages. Exercise-induced muscle damage could burden the immune system by concurrently eliciting a local inflammatory response and decreasing glutamine availability. The aim of this study was to determine whether blood leukocy...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-971138
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to compare acute mechanical and metabolic effects of 2 sessions of resistance training equated by volume and total resting time but with different set configuration: sets to failure (FS) vs. distribution of rest between each repetition (NFS). 10 male judoists completed a session consistin...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1299699
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assessed the validity of a photoplethysmographic heart rate (HR) monitor, the Polar OH1 in various sports performed in ecological conditions: running, cycling, soccer, kayaking, walking, tennis and fitness. Seventy trained athletes (56 males, 14 females) wore the Polar OH1 armband and the H7 chest belt duri...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/a-0875-4033
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prevalence of Achilles tendinopathy increases with age leading to a weaker tendon with predisposition to rupture. Conclusive evidence of the influence of age and pathology on Achilles tendon (AT) properties remains limited, as previous studies are based on standardized isometric conditions. The study investigates the ...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0042-108198
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study is to investigate whether a periosteum patch could enhance polyethylene terephthalate (PET) artificial ligament graft osseointegration in a bone tunnel. 12 female goats underwent ACL reconstruction with a PET artificial ligament graft in the right knees. Right knees in 6 goats were reconstruc...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0042-102258
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess changes of sex hormones, cortisol, prolactin (PRL) and beta-endorphins in an exhaustive aerobic performance, blood samples were taken in 11 endurance trained runners (R) along an ultra-marathon race of 110 km (T1 before the start, T2 at km 33, T3 at km 75 and T4 immediately after completing the race). Result...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-972629
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to compare Anaerobic Work Capacity (AWC) measured on an isoinertial or an isokinetic bicycle ergometer. Twelve male participants completed two randomly ordered exercise testing sessions including a torque-velocity test followed by a 30-s all-out test on an isokinetic ergometer, or a force...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0029-1233466
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00