Abstract：
:The effects of d-amphetamine (0.03-10.0 mg/kg), caffeine (0.3-100.0 mg/kg), nicotine (0.003-10.0 mg/kg) and cocaine (0.03-56.0 mg/kg) were compared on responding maintained under three different schedules of food presentation in mice. Cumulative doses of d-amphetamine, nicotine and cocaine only decreased responding maintained under fixed-ratio 30 response, fixed-interval 60-sec and fixed-interval 60-sec schedules with a punishment contingency (suppressed responding). In most cases there was an inverse relationship between the ED50 (dose which decreased responding by 50%) for the drug and the rate of responding maintained under each schedule. The exceptions were, with both d-amphetamine and cocaine the ED50 for suppressed responding was smaller than that for non-suppressed fixed-interval responding, and with nicotine the ED50 for fixed-ratio responding was smaller than that for fixed-interval responding. In contrast, intermediate doses of caffeine increased suppressed responding, had little effect on fixed-interval responding and decreased fixed-ratio responding. This difference in profile of effect over the range of conditions studied, suggests that the behavioral effects of psychomotor stimulants can be used to examine potential differences in the mechanisms of action of each drug. Such findings may aid in the understanding of the relationships between the neuropharmacological and behavioral effects of psychomotor stimulant drugs.
journal_name
Neuropharmacologyjournal_title
Neuropharmacologyauthors
Glowa JRdoi
10.1016/0028-3908(86)90160-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-10-01 00:00:00pages
1127-35issue
10eissn
0028-3908issn
1873-7064journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The proconvulsant and anticonvulsant effects of acute and chronic exposure to cocaine were investigated in adult, male, CF-1 mice. The proconvulsant effects of cocaine in mice only manifested themselves after daily exposure to motor-stimulant doses. Although daily treatment decreased electroshock convulsion threshold,...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0028-3908(89)90155-x
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methylazoxymethanol (MAM)-treated pregnant rat at gestation day (GD) 17 has been shown to be a valuable developmental animal model for schizophrenia. Yet, this model remains to be established in mice. In the present study, we examined behavioral, cytoarchitectural, and neurochemical changes in the offspring of MAM-tre...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.02.034
更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Parasympathetic preganglionic cardiac vagal neurons (CVNs) which dominate the control of heart rate are located within the nucleus ambiguus (NA). Serotonin (5HT), and in particular 5HT2 receptors, play an important role in cardiovascular function in the brainstem. However, there is a lack of information on the mechani...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.02.016
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selegiline is an irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B with trophic and neuroprotective effects. Because of evidence for decreased dopaminergic function during the withdrawal syndromes associated with opiates and other medications with potential for abuse, we investigated effects of treatment with selegiline o...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0028-3908(98)00093-8
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-term alcohol use causes widespread changes in gene expression in the human brain. Aberrant gene expression changes likely contribute to the progression from occasional alcohol use to alcohol use disorder (including alcohol dependence). Transcriptome studies have identified individual gene candidates that are link...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.02.017
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently it has been reported that "I(f) channel blockers", which block the hyperpolarization-activated inward current (I(f)) in heart sino atrial node cells, also block the hyperpolarization-activated inward current (I(h)) in other tissues. Here we compared the effects of one of these agents, ZD7288 [4-(N-ethyl-N-phe...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0028-3908(99)00207-5
更新日期：2000-04-27 00:00:00
abstract：:γ-Aminobutyric acid B (GABAB) receptors and their ligands are postulated as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of several brain disorders, including drug dependence. Over the past fifteen years positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) have emerged that enhance the effects of GABA at GABAB receptors and which...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.06.016
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In human populations, there is a well-defined sequence of involvement in drugs of abuse, in which the use of nicotine or alcohol precedes the use of marijuana, which in turn, precedes the use of cocaine. The term "Gateway Hypothesis" describes this developmental sequence of drug involvement. In prior work, we have dev...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.03.031
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are found in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the adult brain, a specialized neurogenic niche that might provide a substrate for brain repair after injury. The incomplete knowledge of how NPCs in the niche respond to local signals limits the use of cultured NPCs in the development of cel...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.05.021
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Behavioural studies can help to validate, modify and refine schemes for classifying receptors that are developed from electrophysiological and biochemical experiments. Drug discrimination constitutes one family of behavioural techniques that is being extensively used for studying subtypes of receptors, mainly because ...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0028-3908(87)90064-5
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that can be activated by kynurenic acid at high micromolar concentrations. A previously unappreciated mechanism of action of GPR35 has emerged as a Gαi/o-coupled inhibitor of synaptic transmission, a finding that has significant impli...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.07.035
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyloid-beta (Abeta) deposition is a defining feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The toxicity of Abeta aggregation is thought to contribute to clinical deficits including progressive memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, Abeta peptide has become the focus of many therapeutic approaches for the treatment ...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.04.007
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extrapyramidal syndromes (EPS) caused by antipsychotic therapy are currently treated with anticholinergics that lack selectivity for the five muscarinic receptor subtypes. Since these receptors are heterogeneously expressed among the different classes of striatal neurons and their afferents, it can be expected that th...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.02.005
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was designed to examine the possible involvement of both an anti-serotonin action and a catecholamine-stimulating action in the mechanism of the inhibition of the muricide in rats with lesions of the midbrain raphe. Serotonin antagonists, such as cyproheptadine (10 mg/kg), cinanserin (10 mg/kg) and p...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0028-3908(88)90160-8
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stimulation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors or inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the dorsolateral periaqueductal gray (dlPAG) decreases anxiety-like behavior. Moreover, activation of CB1 receptors attenuates flight responses induced by nitric oxide (NO) donors in the dlPAG, suggesting that endocannabinoids and...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.07.008
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Symptomatic temporal lobe epilepsy typically develops in three phases: brain damage --> epileptogenesis --> spontaneous seizures (epilepsy). The challenge is to prevent epileptogenesis after injury. We hypothesized that alleviation of damage by caspase inhibitors will reduce epileptogenesis or at least have disease-mo...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0028-3908(03)00115-1
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor channels were studied in cultured myocytes of 1-day-old Xenopus embryos. The amplitude and decay time of iontophoretic ACh-induced currents were reduced by MPTP in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibito...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0028-3908(94)90094-9
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both psychostimulants and antidepressants target monoamine transporters and, as a consequence, augment monoamine transmission. These two groups of drugs also increase motor activity in preclinical behavioural screens for antidepressants. Substance P-preferring receptor (NK1R) antagonists similarly increase both motor ...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.03.021
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Downregulation of the astroglial glutamate transporter GLT-1 is observed in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) following administration of multiple drugs of abuse. The decrease in GLT-1 protein expression following cocaine self-administration is dependent on both the amount of cocaine self-administered and the length of with...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.09.019
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methylphenidate (MPH, Ritalin©) is widely used in the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and recently as a drug of abuse. Although the effect of MPH has been studied in brain regions such as striatum and prefrontal cortex (PFC), the hippocampus has received relatively little attention. It is known t...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.07.003
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Alcohol use disorder (AUD) develops after chronic and heavy use of alcohol. Insomnia, a hallmark of AUD, plays a crucial role in the development of AUD. However, the causal mechanisms are unknown. Since chronic alcohol reduces acetylated histones and disrupts the epigenome, we hypothesized that chronic alcoh...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108332
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies on humans and mice support oxytocin's role in improving social behaviour, but its use in pharmacotherapy presents some important limiting factors. To date, it is emerging a pharmacological potential for melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) agonism in social deficits treatment. Recently, we demonstrated that ...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.02.007
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhibition of calcium-evoked [3H]ACh release by different classes of calcium channel blockers was compared among calcium-naive synaptosomes from chick, frog and rat forebrain tissues. In all three species, [3H]ACh release was insensitive to nifedipine (0.03-3 microM) but was completely inhibited by cadmium (IC50 range...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0028-3908(92)90181-n
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lateral habenula (LHb) is critical for modulation of negative reinforcement, punishment and aversive responses. In light of the success of deep-brain-stimulation (DBS) in the treatment of neurological disorders, we explored the use of LHb DBS as a method of intervention in cocaine self-administration, extinction, ...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.06.008
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously shown that animals acquired robust conditioned place preference (CPP) to either social interaction alone or cocaine alone. Recently it has been reported that drugs of abuse abnormally activated p38, a member of mitogen-activated protein kinase family, in the nucleus accumbens. In this study, we aime...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.08.029
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The surface expression and metabolic turnover time of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA) receptors are important factors in determining the involvement of these proteins in synaptic function. We used the membrane-impermeant chemical crosslinking reagent BS3 and subsequent immunoblot analysis t...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0028-3908(98)00135-x
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficacy of antidepressant drugs with serotonergic, noradrenergic, or dual reuptake inhibition was evaluated in reversing carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia in rats. Duloxetine (1-30mg/kg, i.p.), a balanced serotonergic-noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), was equiefficacious and...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.08.005
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective properties of the weak MAO-A inhibitor moclobemide are not understood. Increasing evidence suggests that a moderate increase in intracellular free protons may contribute to neuroprotective properties due to a proton-mediated decrease in neuronal activity. Therefore, we studied...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0028-3908(00)00033-2
更新日期：2000-08-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of the inhibition of aminopeptidase and enkephalinase A on the pain threshold of mice and rats was investigated, using bestatin and thiorphan as selective peptidase inhibitors. The results indicate that both enzymes are relevant to the catabolism of enkephalins in vivo; however, their simultaneous activatio...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0028-3908(83)90206-x
更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a multisystem genetic disorder caused by mutation in either Tsc1 or Tsc2 genes that leads to the hyper activation of the mTOR pathway, a key signalling pathway for synaptic plasticity. TSC is characterized by benign tumors arising in different organs and severe neuropsychiatric symp...
journal_title：Neuropharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.11.003
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
