Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Validated non-invasive measures of fatty liver are needed that can be applied across populations and over time. A fatty liver index (FLI) including body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity was developed in an Italian municipality, but has not been validated widely or examined in a multiethnic population. AIMS:We evaluated this FLI in the multiethnic U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and also to explore whether an improved index for the U.S. population (US FLI) could be derived. The US FLI would then used to examine U.S. time trends in fatty liver prevalence. METHODS:We studied 5869 fasted, viral hepatitis negative adult participants with abdominal ultrasound data on fatty liver in the 1988-1994 NHANES. Time trend analyses included 21 712 NHANES 1988-1994 and 1999-2012 participants. RESULTS:The prevalence of fatty liver was 20%. For the FLI, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC; 95% confidence interval (CI)] was 0.78 (0.74-0.81). The US FLI included age, race-ethnicity, waist circumference, GGT activity, fasting insulin and fasting glucose and had an AUC (95% CI) of 0.80 (0.77-0.83). Defining fatty liver as a US FLI ≥ 30, the prevalence increased from 18% in 1988-1991 to 29% in 1999-2000 to 31% in 2011-2012. CONCLUSIONS:For predicting fatty liver, the US FLI was a modest improvement over the FLI in the multiethnic U.S. population. Using this measure, the fatty liver prevalence in the U.S. population increased substantially over two decades.
journal_name
Aliment Pharmacol Therjournal_title
Alimentary pharmacology & therapeuticsauthors
Ruhl CE,Everhart JEdoi
10.1111/apt.13012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
65-76issue
1eissn
0269-2813issn
1365-2036journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The therapeutic efficacy of 5-aminosalicylic acid in inflammatory bowel disease may be related to its antioxidant properties. AIM:To compare in vitro the antioxidant effects of conventional drugs (5-aminosalicylic acid, corticosteroids, metronidazole), with new aminosalicylates (4-aminosalicylic acid, balsa...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.1999.00484.x
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies have demonstrated that colon carcinogenesis may be prevented by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Although controversy remains, recent studies, including ours, have revealed that NSAIDs suppress colon carcinogenesis at the adenoma stage where cyclooxygen...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.16.s2.8.x
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute gastrointestinal symptoms affect 90% of patients during pelvic radiotherapy. Elemental diet is protective in animal models. A nonrandomized study suggested benefit from a partial elemental diet. A pilot study suggested that radiotherapy patients only tolerate oral elemental diet comprising one-third of...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03665.x
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Attainment of intragastric pH < 6.0 may require high-dose continuously infused proton pump therapy. AIM:To assess the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic dose-responses of continuous infusion regimens of lansoprazole. METHODS:Healthy adult subjects were assigned to lansoprazole 60-mg intravenous bolus, fol...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.02849.x
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies on the use of low-dose proton pump inhibitor for the maintenance therapy of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease have shown that it might be comparable with standard-dose proton pump inhibitor treatment and superior to standard-dose histamine-2 receptor antagonist therapy. AIM:To compare the impact of ...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01526.x
更新日期:2003-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In 1997-1998, 6127 asymptomatic children aged 2-4 years were screened for coeliac disease (CD) by anti-endomysium (EmA) testing in the Netherlands. After 6 (+/-2) months, biopsies were performed in 57 seropositive children; 31(54%) had villous atrophy, but 26 (46%), all HLA-DQ2/DQ8 positive, had normal histo...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04226.x
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bismuth preparations are commonly used to treat a variety of gastrointestinal disorders, including peptic ulcers and dyspepsia. The safety profile of currently approved bismuth preparations, such as tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate (De-Nol), bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) and ranitidine bismuth citrate (Pylorid...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.1996.22163000.x
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA may reflect intrahepatic HBV replication. Novel anti-viral drugs have shown potent HBV RNA decline without concomitant hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) decrease. How this relates to off-treatment response is yet unclear. AIM:To study the degree of on-treatment viral anti...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/apt.16172
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-four-hour intragastric acidity was measured in 10 patients with a past history of duodenal ulcer on the fourth day of dosing with placebo, and either 150 mg ranitidine given twice or four times daily. The order of the treatments was randomized and a double-blind design was employed. Ranitidine (150 mg) b.d. dec...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.1989.tb00211.x
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Glucocorticoids have been shown to induce peptic ulcers, especially when co-administered with NSAIDs. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) plays a role in gastric ulcer repair, facilitating the restitution of gastric mucosal epithelial cells. HGF expression is induced by PGs in gastric fibroblasts. We hypothesized...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.18.s1.19.x
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with chronic liver disease and components of metabolic syndrome may be at higher risk for fibrosis. AIM:To assess the impact of clinicodemographic factors on hepatic fibrosis in CLD. METHODS:Of 1028 chronic liver disease patients, 964 were included in the analysis. Extensive clinico-demographic an...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04266.x
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is associated with metabolic manifestations including insulin resistance and diabetes through various mechanisms. Whether HCV infection is associated with an increased risk of post-transplant diabetes in liver transplant recipients is unclear. AIM:To assess the association of HCV inf...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/apt.13027
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Unable to resolve a medical problem, gastroenterologists occasionally choose an ineffectual intervention instead. The elusive path to effectual management becomes substituted with an ineffectual but readily available medical ritual. The term 'ritual' refers to the utilization of an ineffectual intervention w...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02252.x
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of mefenamic acid on bowel transit time was investigated. Seven healthy adult male subjects of age 39 +/- 2.4 years (mean +/- S.E.M.) received placebo or mefenamic acid (500 mg t.d.s) orally in randomized order for five days, with a 7-day washout between studies. On the third morning after starting the drug...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.1990.tb00488.x
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Colorectal cancer is the second commonest cause of cancer mortality. Some countries are implementing colorectal cancer screening to detect lesions at an early stage using non-invasive tools like the faecal immunochemical test. Despite affordability, this test shows a low sensitivity for precancerous lesions ...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/apt.15251
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine whether portal hypertension potentiates intestinal ulceration induced by indomethacin. Portal hypertension was produced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by two-staged ligation of the portal vein. Sham-operated rats were used as controls. The rats were given 20 mg/kg of indomethaci...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.1991.tb00004.x
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To study the effect of prokinetic treatment with cisapride in patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Ninety-six patients were randomly assigned to treatment with either cisapride 5 mg three times daily or placebo three times daily for a period of 12 weeks. The dosage ...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.133311000.x
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pneumatic dilation has re-emerged as a first line treatment for achalasia, but conclusions are limited by the relatively small numbers of patients studied and the lack of long term follow-up. AIM:To summarise and analyse 29 available studies evaluating pneumatic dilation for achalasia with focus on efficacy...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04816.x
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Th2 allergic pathway in eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) responds to food antigen exposure. AIM:To compare the presence and temporal pattern of food antigen penetration in oesophageal mucosa in active and inactive EoE and controls METHODS: Thirty-two patients with EoE (20 active) and 10 controls were ask...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/apt.16180
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The most commonly used second-line Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens are bismuth-containing quadruple therapy and levofloxacin-containing triple therapy, both offering suboptimal results. Combining bismuth and levofloxacin may enhance the efficacy of rescue eradication regimens. AIMS:To evaluate the ...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/apt.13128
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a Swedish double-blind multicentre study, omeprazole (30 mg o.m.) was compared with the H2-receptor antagonist cimetidine (400 mg b.d.) in 152 patients. Clinical assessments and laboratory investigations were carried out at 2 and 4 weeks, and again at 6 weeks in unhealed patients. Endoscopy was performed at 2 weeks...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.1988.tb00721.x
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Occult biliary stones escape detection on conventional investigations, and clinico-biochemical systems proposed for predicting biliary pancreatitis has low predictive values. AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of clinico-biochemical parameters for prediction of biliary pancreatitis in patients undergoing endoscop...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02580.x
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In Sweden, the most common causes of liver cirrhosis are alcohol overconsumption and hepatitis C. However, recent data on the clinical characteristics of Swedish patients with cirrhosis are scarce. AIMS:To determine the incidence, clinical presentation, aetiological spectrum and survival rates of liver cirr...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/apt.13635
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence of coeliac disease (CD) may be increased in individuals with dyspepsia, but evidence is conflicting. AIMS:To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting prevalence of CD in dyspepsia. METHODS:MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL were searched up to February 2009. Case series an...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04008.x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Both simple proportions and statistical tests are utilised for symptom-reflux association. We systematically compared three such tests in a clinical setting. AIM:To compare the three commonly used symptom reflux association tests in a large cohort of patients undergoing ambulatory pH monitoring for the eval...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2012.05066.x
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cross-sectional imaging techniques, including ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are increasingly used for evaluation of Crohn's disease (CD). Aim To perform an assessment of the diagnostic accuracy of cross-sectional imaging techniques for diagnosis of CD, ...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04710.x
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:One-week proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapies are very popular in the US despite limited US data documenting efficacy. We assessed 1-week proton pump inhibitor triple therapies for Helicobacter pylori, and compared them to dual antibiotic therapies (to assess benefit of omeprazole) and to omeprazole-...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.00230.x
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The choice of medical therapies for Crohn's disease continues to grow. Although our understanding of the mechanisms of the disease is incomplete, increasing knowledge of the pathogenesis of inflammation in general and Crohn's disease in particular allows targeting of therapies at various points in the immunoinflammato...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.1996.tb00173.x
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The effects of proton pump inhibitors and Helicobacter pylori infection on the distribution of drugs used for the eradication of the bacteria are poorly understood. AIM:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 7-day administration of 20 mg of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of amoxicilli...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01262.x
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Few studies have evaluated the effects of rabeprazole on low-dose aspirin (LDA)-induced gastroduodenal injuries. AIM:To conduct a randomised, double-blind, triple-dummy, active-controlled, multicentre trial, named the PLANETARIUM study, to assess the efficacy, dose-response relationship and safety of rabepr...
journal_title:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/apt.12907
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00