Abstract:
:Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel medical technique involving three key components: light, a photosensitizer molecule and molecular oxygen, which are essential to achieve the therapeutic effect. There has been great interest in the use of PDT in the treatment of many cancers and skin disorders. Upon irradiation with light of a specific wavelength, the photosensitizer undergoes several reactions resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS may react with different biomolecules, causing defects in many cellular structures and biochemical pathways. PDT-mediated tumor destruction in vivo involves cellular mechanisms with photodamage of mitochondria, lysosomes, nuclei, and cell membranes that activate apoptotic, necrotic and autophagic signals, leading to cell death. PDT is capable of changing the tumor microenvironment, thereby diminishing the supply of oxygen, which explains the antiangiogenic effect of PDT. Finally, inflammatory and immune responses play a crucial role in the long-lasting consequences of PDT treatment. This review is focused on the biochemical effects exerted by photodynamic treatment on cell death signaling pathways, destruction of the vasculature, and the activation of the immune system.
journal_name
Curr Med Chemjournal_title
Current medicinal chemistryauthors
Skupin-Mrugalska P,Sobotta L,Kucinska M,Murias M,Mielcarek J,Düzgüneş Ndoi
10.2174/0929867321666140826120300subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
4059-73issue
35eissn
0929-8673issn
1875-533Xpii
CMC-EPUB-61994journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the administration of a photosensitizer (PS) followed by illumination with visible light, leading to generation of reactive oxygen species. The mechanisms of resistance to PDT ascribed to the PS may be shared with the general mechanisms of drug resistance, and are related to altered...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986711795843272
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of organometallics can be noticed by their presence in all life organisms. The most known natural organometallic molecule is vitamin B12, a porphyrin containing a cobalt atom, useful for several enzymatic transformations. Based on the remarkable properties of this class of compounds, a new area of medic...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986710791859306
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs), an emerging and appealing drug discovery strategy, utilizing a single chemical entity to inhibit multitargets, was confirmed to be effective in reducing the likelihood of drug resistance, diminishing problems of dosing complexity, drug-drug interactions and toxicities, as well as ...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867311320130011
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fatty liver, or steatosis, is a condition of excess accumulation of lipids, mainly under form of triglycerides (TG), in the liver, and it is the hallmark of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is the most common liver disorder world-wide and it has frequently been associated with obesity, hyperl...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867324666170518101334
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within the pharmaceutical industry, the ultimate source of continuing profitability is the unremitting process of drug discovery. To be profitable, drugs must be marketable: legally novel, safe and relatively free of side effects, efficacious, and ideally inexpensive to produce. While drug discovery was once typified ...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986706776873005
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The market, sales and regulatory approval of new human medicines, during the past few years, indicates increasing number and share of new biologics and emergence of new multibillion dollar molecules. The global sale of monoclonal antibodies in 2006 were $20.6 billion. Remicade had annual sales gain of $1 billion durin...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986707781368504
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complement plays a vital role in our innate immune defense against invasive microorganisms. Excessive complement activation or insufficient control of activation on host cells, however, is associated with several chronic disorders. Essential to the activation and amplification of the Alternative Pathway (AP) of comple...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867326666191001130342
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since its discovery, peroxynitrite has been known as a potent oxidant in biological systems, and a rapidly growing body of literature has characterized its biochemistry and role in the pathophysiology of various conditions. Either directly or by inducing free radical pathways, peroxynitrite damages vital biomolecules ...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986711794088317
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice. It can occur at any age, however, it becomes extremely common in the elderly, with a prevalence approaching more than 20% in patients older than 85 years. AF is associated with a wide range of cardiac and extra-cardiac complications and there...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986711796642373
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by hyperglycemia, resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. There are several factors such as hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress (OS), namely the production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), that actively contribute to the development and...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/0929867327666200525010007
更新日期:2020-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::The cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor is a multifunctional protein which binds at the cell surface to two distinct classes of ligands, the mannose 6-phosphate (M6P) bearing proteins and IGF-II. Its major function is to bind and transport M6P-enzymes to lysosomes, but it can also modulate the activity of ...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986707782794005
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on enzyme inhibition remain an important area of pharmaceutical research since these studies have led to the discoveries of drugs useful in a variety of physiological conditions. The enzyme inhibitors can interact with enzymes and block their activity towards natural substrates. Urease inhibitors have recently...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867023369853
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are widely believed to cause or aggravate several human pathologies such as neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, stroke and many other ailments. Antioxidants are assumed to counteract the harmful effects of ROS and therefore prevent or treat oxidative stress-related diseases. In this repor...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986711803414368
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder affecting women in reproductive age. Although the etiology of PCOS remains unclear, it is believed to result from genetic, environmental and behavioral interactions. Women with PCOS have higher lifetime risk for cardiovascular disease...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867321666140915141030
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleotide metabolism has been targeted for many years and in various clinical settings, including cancer. The increased knowledge of certain enzymes involved in this metabolism and in associated cellular processes accumulated over the last few years, gives important information to the druggability of certain prot...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/0929867328666201125120422
更新日期:2020-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::Hereditary amyloidogenic transthyretin (TTR) (ATTR) amyloidosis is an autosomal dominant form of fatal hereditary amyloidosis. Owing to progress in biochemical and molecular genetic analyses, this disease is now believed to occur worldwide. As of today, reports of about 120 different points of single or double mutatio...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986712800269317
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder that affects about 1 in 100 people around the world and results in persistent emotional and cognitive impairments. Untreated schizophrenia leads to deterioration in quality of life and premature death. Although the clinical efficacy of dopamine D2 receptor antagonists ag...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867326666190710172002
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Since the serendipitous discovery of the antitumor activity of cisplatin there has been a continuous surge in studies aimed at the development of new cytotoxic metal complexes. While the majority of these complexes have been designed to interact with nuclear DNA, other targets for anticancer metallodrugs att...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867325666180307112029
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mast cells are best known as central effector cells in IgE-mediated type I allergic diseases including asthma and hay fever. An increasing amount of evidence, however, has demonstrated that mast cells are sentinel cells playing a critical role in host defense against invading microbes. Mast cells are located immediate...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986712799828319
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gossypol, a disesquiterpene from cottonseed, exhibits multiple biological properties, including male antifertility activity and anticancer activity. Gossypol also inhibits the growth of numerous parasitic organisms and shows antiviral activity against a number of enveloped viruses, including the AIDS virus. Derivative...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867003375119
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paediatric Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a life-threatening and infectious disease in which the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is mainly transmitted through Mother-To- Child Transmission (MTCT) during pregnancy, labour and delivery, or breastfeeding. This review provides an overview of the distinct ...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867325666180904123549
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly complex and rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the systemic collapse of cognitive function and formation of dense amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. AD pathology is derived from the cholinergic, amyloid and tau hypotheses, respectively. Curren...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986711797200435
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is evidence that hyperglycemia results in the generation of reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative stress in various tissues, including vascular system. An important link between oxidative stress, inflammatory response and insulin activity is now well established. The ability of antioxidants to protect ag...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986711795933777
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor necrosis factor (TNF, TNF-α, cachectin) is a pleiotropic, proinflammatory cytokine with multiple biological effects, many of which are not yet fully understood. Although TNF was initially described as an anti-tumor agent more than three decades ago, current knowledge places it central to immune system homeostasi...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867322666150729115553
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene expression profiles are unveiling a wealth of new potential drug targets for a wide range of diseases, offering new opportunities for drug discoveries. The emerging challenge, however, is the effective selection of the myriad of targets to identify those with the most therapeutic utility. Numerical clustering has...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867053764626
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::gammadelta T lymphocytes are involved in the defence from viral and mycobacterial infections; however they are also responsible for autoimmune reactions. Herein, we discuss the characteristics of these cells, focusing on the mechanism(s) underlying extravasation and tissue localization. We show that Vdelta1 and Vdelta...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986707782793835
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synthetic compounds with a tri- and tetra-substituted imidazole scaffold are known as selective inhibitors of the p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase responsible for proinflammatory cytokine release. The scope is to review the literature describing their design, synthesis and activity studies. To date a great p...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986711795328409
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite advances in cancer treatment, a large number of patients eventually develop metastatic disease that is generally incurable. Systemic chemotherapy remains the standard treatment for these patients. Several chemotherapeutic combinations have proven effective in the management of cancer. Paradoxically, although t...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986712800099820
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prothymosin alpha (ProTα) is a highly acidic polypeptide, ubiquitously expressed in almost all mammalian cells and tissues and consisting of 109 amino acids in humans. ProTα is known to act both, intracellularly, as an anti-apoptotic and proliferation mediator, and extracellularly, as a biologic response modifier medi...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Essential oils constituents are a diverse family of low molecular weight organic compounds with comprehensive biological activity. According to their chemical structure, these active compounds can be divided into four major groups: terpenes, terpenoids, phenylpropenes, and "others". In addition, they may contain diver...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867325666180330092607
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00