Angiogenesis-inhibitors for metastatic thyroid cancer.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Globally, harmful use of alcohol results in approximately 2.5 million deaths each year. About 9% of these deaths are young people between the ages of 15 and 29 years (WHO 2011), mainly resulting from motor vehicle accidents, homicides, suicides and drownings. Hazardous drinking levels for men (consuming over...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Foxcroft DR,Coombes L,Wood S,Allen D,Almeida Santimano NM

更新日期：2014-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a common complication of lumbar punctures. Several theories have identified the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the hole in the dura as a cause of this side effect. Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive measures to avoid this complication. Prolonged...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Arevalo-Rodriguez I,Ciapponi A,Munoz L,Roqué i Figuls M,Bonfill Cosp X

更新日期：2013-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nutritional rickets is a disease of growing children leading to bone deformities, bone pain, convulsions or delayed motor development. Today, high-incidence of nutritional rickets is mainly found in low-income countries. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of various interventions on the prevention of nutritio...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Lerch C,Meissner T

更新日期：2007-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hydroxyethyl starches (HES) are synthetic colloids commonly used for fluid resuscitation, yet controversy exists about their impact on kidney function. OBJECTIVES:To examine the effects of HES on kidney function compared to other fluid resuscitation therapies in different patient populations. SEARCH STRATE...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Dart AB,Mutter TC,Ruth CA,Taback SP

更新日期：2010-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Eczema is a chronic skin disease characterised by dry skin, intense itching, inflammatory skin lesions, and a considerable impact on quality of life. Moisturisation is an integral part of treatment, but it is unclear if moisturisers are effective. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of moisturisers for eczema....

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： van Zuuren EJ,Fedorowicz Z,Christensen R,Lavrijsen A,Arents BWM

更新日期：2017-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Self-poisoning with paracetamol (acetaminophen) is a common cause of hepatotoxicity in the Western World. Interventions for paracetamol poisoning encompass inhibition of absorption, removal from the vascular system, antidotes, and liver transplantation. OBJECTIVES:The objective was to assess the beneficial ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Brok J,Buckley N,Gluud C

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Fluoxetine is a serotonin reuptake inhibitor indicated for major depression. It is also thought to affect weight control: this seems to happen through appetite changes resulting in decreased food intake and normalisation of unusual eating behaviours. However, the benefit-risk ratio of this off-label medicati...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Serralde-Zúñiga AE,Gonzalez Garay AG,Rodríguez-Carmona Y,Melendez G

更新日期：2019-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Amphetamine withdrawal has been less studied although it is a common problem with a prevalent rate of 87% among amphetamine users. Its symptoms, in particular intense craving, may be a critical factor leading to relapse of amphetamine use. In clinical practice, treatment for cocaine withdrawal has been recom...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Srisurapanont M,Jarusuraisin N,Kittirattanapaiboon P

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Periurethral or transurethral injection of bulking agents is a surgical procedure most often used for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence a common, troublesome symptom amongst adult women. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of periurethral/transurethral injection therapy in the treatment of urinary i...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Keegan PE,Atiemo K,Cody J,McClinton S,Pickard R

更新日期：2007-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Orthodontic relapse can be defined as the tendency for teeth to return to their pre-treatment position, and this occurs especially in lower front teeth (lower canines and lower incisors). Retention, to maintain the position of corrected teeth, has become one of the most important phases of orthodontic treatm...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Yu Y,Sun J,Lai W,Wu T,Koshy S,Shi Z

更新日期：2013-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Elevated levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein play an important role in the development of atheromas and, therefore, in cardiovascular diseases. Cholesterol biosynthesis follows a circadian rhythm and is principally produced at night (between 12:00 am and 6:00 am). The adjustment of hypoli...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Izquierdo-Palomares JM,Fernandez-Tabera JM,Plana MN,Añino Alba A,Gómez Álvarez P,Fernandez-Esteban I,Saiz LC,Martin-Carrillo P,Pinar López Ó

更新日期：2016-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Intermittent claudication (IC) is a symptom of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Pentoxifylline, one of many drugs used to treat IC, acts by decreasing blood viscosity, improving erythrocyte flexibility, and promoting microcirculatory flow and tissue oxyge...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Broderick C,Forster R,Abdel-Hadi M,Salhiyyah K

更新日期：2020-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Acute graft-versus host disease (aGvHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) occurring in 8% to 59% of the recipients. Currently, the therapeutic mainstay for aGvHD is corticosteroids. However, there is no established standard treatment for steroid...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Weitz M,Strahm B,Meerpohl JJ,Bassler D

更新日期：2014-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hypoxaemia during labour can alter the shape of the fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) waveform, notably the relation of the PR to RR intervals, and elevation or depression of the ST segment. Technical systems have therefore been developed to monitor the fetal ECG during labour as an adjunct to continuous electro...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Neilson JP

更新日期：2006-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Polydipsia is the intake of more than three litres of fluids per day. Primary polydipsia occurs when excessive drinking cannot be explained by an identified medical condition, and is not secondary to polyuria. The prevalence of this problem in psychiatric inpatients has been estimated at between 6 and 17%. I...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Brookes G,Ahmed AG

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The chronic hyperglycaemia of diabetes is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of various organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. The risk of developing type 2 diabetes increases with age, obesity, and lack of physical activity. Insulin resistance is a fu...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Beletate V,El Dib RP,Atallah AN

更新日期：2007-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) has been proposed as a means of reducing pain in labour. The TENS unit emits low-voltage electrical impulses which vary in frequency and intensity. During labour, TENS electrodes are generally placed on the lower back, although TENS may be used to stimulate acupuncture...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Dowswell T,Bedwell C,Lavender T,Neilson JP

更新日期：2009-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:People with serious mental illness have rates of Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) infection higher than expected in the general population for the same demographic area. Despite this elevated prevalence, UK national strategies around sexual health and HIV prevention do not state that people with serious m...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Wright N,Akhtar A,Tosh GE,Clifton AV

更新日期：2016-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Functional immaturity of gastrointestinal motility predisposes preterm infants to feeding intolerance. Motilin, a gastrointestinal peptide, stimulates propagative contractile activity during phase III of the migratory motor complex in the interdigestive state. Erythromycin (EM) is a motilin agonist with prok...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ng E,Shah V

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:People with neurological disease have a much higher risk of both faecal incontinence and constipation than the general population. There is often a fine dividing line between the two conditions, with any management intended to ameliorate, one risking precipitating the other. Bowel problems are observed to be...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Wiesel PH,Norton C,Brazzelli M

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Various approaches to physical rehabilitation may be used after stroke, and considerable controversy and debate surround the effectiveness of relative approaches. Some physiotherapists base their treatments on a single approach; others use a mixture of components from several different approaches. OBJECTIVE...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Pollock A,Baer G,Campbell P,Choo PL,Forster A,Morris J,Pomeroy VM,Langhorne P

更新日期：2014-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:People with cystic fibrosis are at an increased risk of fat-soluble vitamin deficiency, including vitamin E. Vitamin E deficiency can cause a host of conditions such as haemolytic anaemia, cerebellar ataxia and cognitive difficulties. Vitamin E supplementation is widely recommended for people with cystic fib...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Okebukola PO,Kansra S,Barrett J

更新日期：2020-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Diabetes is a chronic illness characterised by insulin resistance or deficiency, resulting in elevated glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Diet and adherence to dietary advice is associated with lower HbA1c levels and control of disease. Dietary history may be an effective clinical tool for diabetes...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Wei I,Pappas Y,Car J,Sheikh A,Majeed A

更新日期：2011-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cystic fibrosis (CF) a life-limiting inherited disease affecting a number of organs, but classically associated with chronic lung infection and progressive loss of lung function. Chronic infection by Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and therefore represe...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Frost F,Shaw M,Nazareth D

更新日期：2019-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) is one of the most common occurring retinal vascular abnormalities. The pathogenesis of BRVO is thought to involve both retinal vein compression and damage to the vessel wall, possibly leading to thrombus formation at sites where retinal arterioles cross retinal veins. Th...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Mitry D,Bunce C,Charteris D

更新日期：2013-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Emergency contraception (EC) is using a drug or copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) to prevent pregnancy shortly after unprotected intercourse. Several interventions are available for EC. Information on the comparative effectiveness, safety and convenience of these methods is crucial for reproductive healthc...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Cheng L,Che Y,Gülmezoglu AM

更新日期：2012-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Therapy with either recombinant beta-1a or beta-1b interferons (IFNs) is worldwide approved for Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS). A major unanswered question is whether this treatment is able to safely reverse or retard the progressive phase of the disease. OBJECTIVES:The main objective was to ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： La Mantia L,Vacchi L,Di Pietrantonj C,Ebers G,Rovaris M,Fredrikson S,Filippini G

更新日期：2012-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Breastmilk remains the optimal form of enteral nutrition for term and preterm infants until up to six months postnatal age. Mothers of preterm infants who have not established suck feeds must express their breastmilk and often have difficulty in maintaining sufficient volume for their infants' needs (Donath ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Donovan TJ,Buchanan K

更新日期：2012-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Staples can be placed during the making of an incision, with the aim of decreasing blood loss from the cut edges. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the effects of using a stapler with absorbable staples to extend the uterine incision at lower segment caesarean section. SEARCH STRATEGY:W...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Wilkinson C,Enkin MW

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Ethnic minority groups in upper-middle-income and high-income countries tend to be socioeconomically disadvantaged and to have a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes than is seen in the majority population. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effectiveness of culturally appropriate health education for people in ethni...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Attridge M,Creamer J,Ramsden M,Cannings-John R,Hawthorne K

更新日期：2014-09-04 00:00:00