Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Cystic fibrosis (CF) a life-limiting inherited disease affecting a number of organs, but classically associated with chronic lung infection and progressive loss of lung function. Chronic infection by Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and therefore represents a significant challenge to clinicians treating people with CF. This review examines the current evidence for long-term antibiotic therapy in people with CF and chronic BCC infection. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review is to assess the effects of long-term oral and inhaled antibiotic therapy targeted against chronic BCC lung infections in people with CF. The primary objective is to assess the efficacy of treatments in terms of improvements in lung function and reductions in exacerbation rate. Secondary objectives include quantifying adverse events, mortality and changes in quality of life associated with treatment. SEARCH METHODS:We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books. We also searched online trial registries and the reference lists of relevant articles and reviews.Date of last search: 29 May 2019. SELECTION CRITERIA:Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of long-term antibiotic therapy in people with CF and chronic BCC infection. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS:Two authors independently extracted data, assessed risk of bias and assessed the quality of the evidence using GRADE. MAIN RESULTS:We included one RCT (100 participants) which lasted 52 weeks comparing continuous inhaled aztreonam lysine (AZLI) and placebo in a double-blind RCT for 24 weeks, followed by a 24-week open-label extension and a four-week follow-up period. The average participant age was 26.3 years, 61% were male and average lung function was 56.5% predicted.Treatment with AZLI for 24 weeks was not associated with improvement in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), mean difference 0.91% (95% confidence interval (CI) -3.15 to 4.97) (moderate-quality evidence). The median time to the next exacerbation was 75 days in the AZLI group compared to 51 days in the placebo group, but the difference was not significant (P = 0.27) (moderate-quality evidence). Similarly, the number of participants hospitalised for respiratory exacerbations showed no difference between groups, risk ratio (RR) 0.88 (95% CI 0.53 to 1.45) (moderate-quality evidence). Overall adverse events were similar between groups, RR 1.08 (95% CI 0.98 to 1.19) (moderate-quality evidence). There were no significant differences between treatment groups in relation to mortality (moderate-quality evidence), quality of life or sputum density.In relation to methodological quality, the overall risk of bias in the study was assessed to be unclear to low risk. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS:We found insufficient evidence from the literature to determine an effective strategy for antibiotic therapy for treating chronic BCC infection.
journal_name
Cochrane Database Syst Revjournal_title
The Cochrane database of systematic reviewsauthors
Frost F,Shaw M,Nazareth Ddoi
10.1002/14651858.CD013079.pub2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-06-13 00:00:00pages
CD013079issn
1469-493Xjournal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Compared to patients without cancer, patients with cancer who receive anticoagulant treatment for venous thromboembolism are more likely to develop recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE). OBJECTIVES:To compare the efficacy and safety of three types of parenteral anticoagulants for the initial treatment of V...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006649.pub5
更新日期:2011-06-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tinea capitis is a common contagious fungal infection of the scalp in children. Systemic therapy is required for treatment and to prevent spread. This is an update of the original Cochrane review. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of systemic antifungal drugs for tinea capitis in children. SEARCH METHODS:We...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004685.pub3
更新日期:2016-05-12 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the effectiveness of vaccination against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with cystic fibrosis. SEARCH STRATEGY:The Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group specialist trials register which comprises references identified from comprehensive electronic database searches, handsearching...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001399
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many women would like to have a choice in pain relief during labour and also would like to avoid invasive methods of pain management in labour. Inhaled analgesia during labour involves the self-administered inhalation of sub-anaesthetic concentrations of agents while the mother remains awake and her protecti...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009351.pub2
更新日期:2012-09-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Milnacipran is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) that is sometimes used to treat chronic neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of milnacipran in the management of chronic neuropathic pain or fibromyalgia. SEARCH METHODS:We se...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008244.pub2
更新日期:2012-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To identify and assess the effects of computer and mobile technology interventions designed to facilitate medication adherence and disease management in individuals with thalassemia, including: evaluating the effects of using compu...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Self-management education programmes are complex interventions specifically targeted at patient education and behaviour modification. They are designed to encourage people with chronic disease to take an active self-management role to supplement medical care and improve outcomes. OBJECTIVES:To assess the ef...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008963.pub2
更新日期:2014-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is characterised by distorted body image and deliberately maintained low body weight. The long term prognosis is often poor, with severe medical, developmental and psychosocial complications, high rates of relapse and mortality. Different variants of family therapy have been commonly us...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004780.pub2
更新日期:2010-04-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Induced abortions are very commonly practiced interventions worldwide. A variety of medical abortion methods have been introduced during the last decade in addition to existing surgical methods. In this review we systematically searched for and combined all evidence from randomised controlled trials comparin...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003037.pub2
更新日期:2005-01-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Surgical site infection and other hospital-acquired infections cause significant morbidity after internal fixation of fractures. The administration of antibiotics may reduce the frequency of infections. OBJECTIVES:To determine whether the prophylactic administration of antibiotics in people undergoing surgi...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000244.pub2
更新日期:2010-03-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fractures of the calcaneus (heel bone) comprise up to 2% of all fractures. These fractures are mostly caused by a fall from a height, and are common in younger adults. Treatment can be surgical or non-surgical; however, there is clinical uncertainty over optimal management. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects ...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008628.pub2
更新日期:2013-01-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is considerable variation in use of pain relief for managing pain or discomfort of femoral sheath removal. Efficacy of pain relief to promote comfort during this procedure or to reduce the incidence of vascular and procedural complications has not been established. OBJECTIVES:Assess efficacy of pain r...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006043.pub2
更新日期:2008-10-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a psychosocial treatment that aims to help individuals re-evaluate their appraisals of their experiences that can affect their level of distress and problematic behaviour. CBT is now recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as an add-o...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008712.pub3
更新日期:2018-11-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fluid excess may place patients undergoing surgery at risk for various complications. Hypertonic saline (HS) maintains intravascular volume with less intravenous fluid than isotonic salt (IS) solutions, but may increase serum sodium. OBJECTIVES:To determine the benefits and harms of HS versus IS solutions a...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005576.pub2
更新日期:2010-01-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Haemorrhoids (piles) are swollen veins at or near the anus, normally asymptomatic. They do not constitute a disease, unless they become symptomatic. Pregnancy and the puerperium predispose to symptomatic haemorrhoids, being the most common ano-rectal disease at these stages. Symptoms are usually mild and tra...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004077.pub2
更新日期:2005-07-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Uncontrolled bleeding is an important cause of death in trauma victims. Antifibrinolytic treatment has been shown to reduce blood loss following surgery and may also be effective in reducing blood loss following trauma. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effect of antifibrinolytic drugs in patients with acute traumat...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004896.pub4
更新日期:2015-05-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) has been proposed as a means of reducing pain in labour. The TENS unit emits low-voltage electrical impulses which vary in frequency and intensity. During labour, TENS electrodes are generally placed on the lower back, although TENS may be used to stimulate acupuncture...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007214.pub2
更新日期:2009-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Audit and feedback has been identified as having the potential to change the practice of health care professionals. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of audit and feedback on the practice of health professionals and patient outcomes. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched MEDLINE up to June 1997, the Research and Deve...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000259
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the safety and efficacy of IUD insertion immediately after spontaneous or induced abortion. SEARCH STRATEGY:We used Medline, Popline, and EMBASE computer searches, supplemented by review articles and contacts with investigators. SELECTION CRITERIA:We sought all randomized controlled trials that h...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001777
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several studies have suggested that prophylactic antibiotics given during pregnancy improved maternal and perinatal outcomes, while others have shown no benefit and some have reported adverse effects. OBJECTIVES:To determine the effect of prophylactic antibiotics on maternal and perinatal outcomes during th...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002250.pub2
更新日期:2015-01-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Social phobia (SP), or social anxiety disorder, is a prevalent and disabling disorder. There is growing evidence that SP is mediated by specific neurobiological factors, and increased interest in the use of medication in its treatment. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of pharmacotherapy for Social Phobia, a...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001206.pub2
更新日期:2004-10-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Airway infection leads to progressive damage of the lungs in cystic fibrosis (CF) and oxidative stress has been implicated in the etiology. Supplementation of antioxidant micronutrients (vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene and selenium) or N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as a source of glutathione, may therefore pote...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007020.pub4
更新日期:2019-10-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent sustained arrhythmia. AF recurs frequently after restoration of normal sinus rhythm. Antiarrhythmic drugs have been widely used to prevent recurrence, but the effect of these drugs on mortality and other clinical outcomes is unclear. OBJECTIVES:To determine, in ...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005049.pub3
更新日期:2012-05-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The efficacy of decongestants, antihistamines and nasal irrigation in children with clinically diagnosed acute sinusitis has not been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVES:To determine the efficacy of decongestants, antihistamines or nasal irrigation in improving symptoms of acute sinusitis in children. SEA...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007909.pub4
更新日期:2014-10-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, T-cell-dependent, inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, with an unpredictable course. Current MS therapies focus on treating exacerbations, preventing new exacerbations and avoiding the progression of disability. However, at present there...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011203.pub2
更新日期:2016-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dental caries is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood and is associated with adverse health and economic consequences for infants and their families. Socioeconomically disadvantaged children have a higher risk of early childhood caries (ECC). OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of interventions...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012155.pub2
更新日期:2019-11-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence of disease-related malnutrition in Western European hospitals is estimated to be about 30%. There is no consensus whether poor nutritional status causes poorer clinical outcome or if it is merely associated with it. The intention with all forms of nutrition support is to increase uptake of ess...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011598.pub2
更新日期:2017-05-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Self-poisoning with paracetamol (acetaminophen) is a common cause of hepatotoxicity in the Western World. Interventions for paracetamol poisoning encompass inhibition of absorption, removal from the vascular system, antidotes, and liver transplantation. OBJECTIVES:The objective was to assess the beneficial ...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003328
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Portal hypertension commonly accompanies advanced liver disease and often gives rise to life-threatening complications, including haemorrhage from oesophageal and gastrointestinal varices. Variceal haemorrhage commonly occurs in children with chronic liver disease or portal vein obstruction. Prevention is th...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010546.pub2
更新日期:2019-09-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common condition among patients in intensive care units (ICU), and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is a blood purification technique used to treat the most severe forms of AKI but its effectiveness remains uncl...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010613.pub2
更新日期:2016-10-04 00:00:00