Isotope effects on the metabolism and pulmonary toxicity of butylated hydroxytoluene in mice by deuteration of the 4-methyl group.

abstract：:Organophosphorus (OP) compounds inhibit mitochondrial enzymes, respiration, and ATP generation, in addition to inducing structural changes such as matrix swelling. This implicates mitochondria as primary subcellular targets for these compounds. In this study, the health and function of cellular mitochondria following ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Carlson K,Ehrich M

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bropirimine is an immunomodulator with experimental antiviral and antitumor activities. This pyrimidinone has been found to be embryolethal at doses (200 and 400 mg/kg) that produce only transient maternal toxicity, when administered to pregnant Upj:TUC(SD)spf rats on specific days of gestation. Serum analyses carried...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Black DL,Marks TA,Branstetter DG,Kirton KT

更新日期：1991-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemical warfare agents (CWA) are easily and inexpensively produced and are a significant threat to military forces and the public. Most well-known CWAs are organophosphorus compounds, a number or which are used as pesticides, including parathion. This study determined the in vitro percutaneous absorption of parathion...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wester RM,Tanojo H,Maibach HI,Wester RC

更新日期：2000-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:4-Alkylbicyclophosphates, R1C(CH2O)3P(O), with suitable R1 substituents (e.g., t-butyl, isopropyl, or cyclohexyl) are highly toxic compounds [mouse intraperitoneal (ip) LD50 values 0.036-0.52 mg/kg] and are potent noncompetitive gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonists. 4-Alkylmonocyclophosphates of the type R1(HOCH...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Toia RF,Casida JE

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Geogenic dust from arid environments is a possible inhalation hazard for humans, especially when using off-road vehicles that generate significant dust. This study focused on immunotoxicological and neurotoxicological effects following subacute exposure to geogenic dust generated from sediments in the Nellis Dunes Rec...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： DeWitt J,Buck B,Goossens D,Hu Q,Chow R,David W,Young S,Teng Y,Leetham-Spencer M,Murphy L,Pollard J,McLaurin B,Gerads R,Keil D

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Therapy of seizure activity following exposure to the nerve agent soman (GD) includes treatment with the anticonvulsant diazepam (DZP), an allosteric modulator of γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A)) receptors. However, seizure activity itself causes the endocytosis of GABA(A) receptors and diminishes the inhibitory effect...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Schultz MK,Wright LK,Stone MF,Schwartz JE,Kelley NR,Moffett MC,Lee RB,Lumley LA

更新日期：2012-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Four chemicals that are known to induce in rats thyroid follicular-cell adenomas and carcinomas were assayed for their ability to induce DNA damage and DNA repair synthesis in primary cultures of human thyroid cells. Significant dose-dependent increases in the frequency of DNA single-strand breaks and alkali-labile si...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Mattioli F,Martelli A,Garbero C,Gosmar M,Manfredi V,Mattioli FP,Torre G,Brambilla G

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Montelukast (MK),a cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT1) receptor antagonist, latterly exhibited a remarkable neuroprotective activity in various neurodegenerative disorders. This study aims to elucidate the neuroprotective effect of MK in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease(PD) model in rats. Ninety six male rats were spli...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Mansour RM,Ahmed MAE,El-Sahar AE,El Sayed NS

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Distance learning offers many advantages to students and teachers of almost any scientific discipline. Toxicology is no exception. For example, should Paracelsus be interested in learning more about toxicology at Drexel University, he would have the opportunity to take two courses in this subject utilizing the content...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Huggins J,Morris J,Peterson CE

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The disposition of [3H]diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) and its metabolites was studied in mice after iv treatment. In addition, disposition of [3H]DFP in selected tissues was correlated with cholinesterase activity and spontaneous activity following DFP treatment. Within 1 min of administration [3H]DFP had penetrated...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Martin BR

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept of toxicovigilance encompasses the active detection, validation and follow-up of clinical adverse events related to toxic exposures in human beings. Poison centers are key players in this function as poisoning statistics are essential to define the cause, incidence and severity of poisonings occurring in t...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Descotes J,Testud F

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is teratogenic in mice, inducing cleft palate and hydronephrosis at doses which are not overtly maternally toxic or embryotoxic. After TCDD exposure the palatal shelves of normal size come into contact, but fail to fuse due to altered differentiation of the medial epithelial ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Abbott BD,Birnbaum LS

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies in this laboratory have shown that the well-characterized arginine analogue nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, l-nitroarginine methyl ester (l-NAME) is protective against the cytotoxicity of the vesicating agent bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide (HD). Furthermore, these protective effects were not medi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sawyer TW,Hancock JR,D'Agostino PA

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mice lacking the modifier subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (Gclm), the rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione (GSH) synthesis, have decreased tissue GSH. We previously showed that Gclm-/- embryos have increased sensitivity to the prenatal in vivo ovarian toxicity of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[a]pyrene ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lim J,Luderer U

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammals, CYP3A isozymes collectively comprise the largest portion of the liver and small intestinal CYP protein. They are involved in the metabolism of an extensive range of endogenous substrates and xenobiotics and make a significant contribution to the termination of the action of steroid hormones. A full-length ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Tseng HP,Hseu TH,Buhler DR,Wang WD,Hu CH

更新日期：2005-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a subpopulation of the CF-1 mouse strain that is very sensitive to the neurotoxicity induced by the avermectins, a class of natural products widely used in veterinary and human medicine as anti-parasitic agents. This sensitivity results from a lack of P-glycoprotein in the intestine and brain of sensitive ani...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Umbenhauer DR,Lankas GR,Pippert TR,Wise LD,Cartwright ME,Hall SJ,Beare CM

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The anti-HIV drug 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) is the drug of choice for preventing maternal-fetal HIV transmission during pregnancy. Our aim was to assess the cytotoxic effects of AZT on human placenta in vitro. The mechanisms of AZT-induced effects were investigated using JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells and primary ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Collier AC,Helliwell RJ,Keelan JA,Paxton JW,Mitchell MD,Tingle MD

更新日期：2003-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of lipid peroxidation in the cell death produced by the haloalkene cysteine conjugates S-(1,2,3,4,4-pentachlorobutadienyl)-L-cysteine (PCBC), S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine (DCVC), S-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl)-L-cysteine (TFEC), and S-(2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl)-L-cysteine (CTFC) was investigated using ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Groves CE,Lock EA,Schnellmann RG

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabonomics is the evaluation of the multiparametric metabolic response of biological systems to pathophysiological stimuli. High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of biofluids coupled with pattern recognition-based chemometric analysis is an emerging approach to the study of metabonomics and m...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Slim RM,Robertson DG,Albassam M,Reily MD,Robosky L,Dethloff LA

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Luteolin, a flavonoid that exhibits antioxidative properties, exerts myocardial protection effects. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. To investigate the effects of luteolin on myocardial injury protection and its possible mechanisms, a myocardial injury model was established wi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sun GB,Sun X,Wang M,Ye JX,Si JY,Xu HB,Meng XB,Qin M,Sun J,Wang HW,Sun XB

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The carcinogenicity prediction and battery selection method was used to predict the probability of carcinogenicity of methyl isocyanate (MIC) based upon the results of short-term tests. The analysis predicts that MIC has a significant potential for inducing cancer in rodents. However, the pattern of response suggests ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ennever FK,Rosenkranz HS

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzene is a known human leukemogen, but its role as an in utero leukemogen remains controversial. Epidemiological studies have correlated parental exposure to benzene with an increased incidence of childhood leukemias. We hypothesize that in utero exposure to benzene may cause leukemogenesis by affecting the embryoni...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wan J,Winn LM

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of air pollution on human health are a great concern, particularly in big cities with severe traffic problems such as Bangkok, Thailand. In this study, exposure to genotoxic compounds in ambient air was studied by analysis of particle-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and benzene through d...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ruchirawat M,Navasumrit P,Settachan D,Tuntaviroon J,Buthbumrung N,Sharma S

更新日期：2005-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:An animal model was designed to study the chronopharmacokinetics of intravenous drugs and applied to anticancer agents vinorelbine (VNB) and methotrexate (MTX). Each experiment was performed on four pigs housed in a standardized light-dark cycle (12:12). Four pigs received a 0.16-mg bolus of VNB, followed by a 60-h co...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Prémaud A,Rousseau A,Gicquel M,Ragot S,Manceau J,Laurentie M,Marquet P

更新日期：2002-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to the anticonvulsant drug valproic acid (VPA) in utero is associated with a 1-2% increase in neural tube defects (NTDs), however the molecular mechanisms by which VPA induces teratogenesis are unknown. Previous studies demonstrated that VPA, a direct inhibitor of histone deacetylase, can induce histone hyper...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Tung EW,Winn LM

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Male, English smooth haired guinea pigs were exposed to thermal decomposition products, i.e., smoke, generated by heating Douglas fir in an open system. Various amounts of Douglas fir were placed in a furnace, at room temperature, and heated at a rate of 11 degrees C/min until completely decomposed. Major decompositio...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wong KL,Stock MF,Malek DE,Alarie Y

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is a recognized broad-spectrum antagonist of excitatory amino acid receptors with a particularly high affinity for the glycine co-agonist site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor complex. KYNA is also a putative endogenous neuroprotectant. Recent studies show that KYNA strongly blocks alp...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Zielińska E,Kuc D,Zgrajka W,Turski WA,Dekundy A

更新日期：2009-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of persistent and widely distributed environmental pollutants that have various deleterious effects, e.g., neurotoxicity, endocrine disruption and reproductive abnormalities. In order to verify the hypothesis that the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways play important roles in hepat...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Liu C,Yang J,Fu W,Qi S,Wang C,Quan C,Yang K

更新日期：2014-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Neonatal and adult rats (1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 weeks of age) were given five daily oral doses of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) (0, 10, 100, 1000, 2000 mg/kg) and histological changes in the testes were examined 24 hr after the last dose. Relative testis weights were reduced at doses of 1000 mg/kg in 1, 2, 3, and 6-we...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Dostal LA,Chapin RE,Stefanski SA,Harris MW,Schwetz BA

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been known for many years that administration of androgens or estrogens at critical periods of development in mammals causes severe long-term effects on the endocrine/genital systems. The environmental pollutant p-tert-octylphenol (OP) possesses a weak but clear estrogen agonist activity in in vitro and in vivo...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Katsuda S,Yoshida M,Watanabe G,Taya K,Maekawa A

更新日期：2000-06-15 00:00:00