Abstract:
:The present study, undertaken in general practice, was designed to evaluate the effects of age on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of a conventional and a slow-release formulation (Securon SR) of verapamil. Two groups of 12 patients with essential hypertension were treated in an open, randomized, crossover study. One group was younger than 65 years, mean 58 (range 50-64 years) and the other was 65 years and older, mean 72 (range 66-77 years). The patients were titrated through three steps with the two different formulations to efficacy or to maximal dosage. During a 4-week drug-free run-in period the mean blood pressures were 167 +/- 14/103 +/- 4, 168 +/- 18/105 +/- 6, and 168 +/- 18/105 +/- 5 mm Hg at 0, 2, and 4 weeks, respectively, for the whole group. The final blood pressure at control showed a fall with sustained-release verapamil for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 15 +/- 16 and 17 +/- 5 mm Hg for the younger group and 14 +/- 16 and 14 +/- 6 mm Hg for the older group. For the conventional formulation the falls of SBP and DBP were 14 +/- 18 and 18 +/- 8 mm Hg for the younger group and 19 +/- 16 and 13 +/- 9 mm Hg for the older group. There were no significant differences between the responses to the two formulations nor between the two age groups. The pharmacokinetics of both formulations were investigated at steady state and no significant effects of age were observed. However, there were significant differences between the time-concentration profiles for the formulations. These findings suggest that there are no significant effects of age on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of verapamil.
journal_name
J Cardiovasc Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of cardiovascular pharmacologyauthors
Hosie J,Hosie G,Meredith PAdoi
10.1097/00005344-198900134-00017subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
S60-2eissn
0160-2446issn
1533-4023journal_volume
13 Suppl 4pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::By using red wine (RW), dealcoholized red wine (DARW), polyphenols-stripped red wine (PSRW), ethanol-water solution (ET), and water (W), the role of wine polyphenols, ethanol, and urate on vascular function was examined in humans (n = 9 per beverage) and on isolated rat aortic rings (n = 9). Healthy males randomly con...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/01.fjc.0000211762.06271.ce
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism by which nicotine causes peripheral vasoconstriction and its relationship to the increased risk of peripheral vascular disease in smokers are unknown. To study the peripheral vascular effects of nicotine, we measured hemodynamic responses and oxygen consumption of the in situ gracilis muscle during intra...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199110000-00009
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vasopressin is the primary physiological factor regulating renal water reabsorption in mammals. Inhibitors of vasopressin-stimulated water reabsorption have previously been used as water diuretic agents in both experimental animals and man. The present studies describe and characterize the pharmacological effects of t...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198600087-00008
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bethanidine sulfate is a congener of bretylium tosylate, which has been reported to have antiarrhythmic and antifibrillatory effects. We studied the effects of bethanidine on transmembrane potentials recorded from canine Purkinje fibers and ventricular muscle cells, using standard microelectrode techniques. Normal Pur...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198501000-00009
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevention of coronary disease in hypertensive patients will see progress in the years to come. It is clearly too much, however, to expect this progress to come exclusively from the application of new therapies, as the incidence of coronary disease in hypertensive patients depends on several factors, which are, es...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently used antiplatelet drugs including aspirin, ticlopidine, and others are effective against certain but not all of the many endogenous platelet activators. Because of their limited efficacy, a significant number of serious thromboembolic complications still occur, highlighting the need for a more effective ther...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199803000-00016
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms improve endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and contractile Ca sensitivity in blood vessels. These actions may have opposite effects on propofol-induced vasodilation. This study examines the hypothesis that propofol induces relaxation by enhancing the PKC-mediated nitric oxide sy...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0000000000000275
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Felodipine, a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, was used to treat eight patients with severe uncontrolled hypertension: five had essential hypertension, two had renovascular disease, and one chronic pyelonephritis. Mean blood pressure (BP) was 221 +/- 14/120 +/- 4 mm Hg despite treatment with three or more antihyper...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199015004-00032
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine the sympathetic-parasympathetic interactions on heart rate through release of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and its action on prejunctional NPY Y2 receptors on vagal and sympathetic nerve fibers. In other studies on various preparations and in various organs, attenuation of transmitter ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.fjc.0000177986.21929.d8
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) play a critical physiological role in energy homeostasis, in inflammation, and a protective role in cardiovascular function. We assessed the antioxidant effect of clofibrate-induced Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) stimulation on ischemic myoca...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e31826216ed
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of local myocardial administration of lactic acid and low-dose edaravone were investigated to determine if this combination provides benefits similar to mechanical postconditioning. We randomly divided 108 rats into 6 groups: sham, reperfusion injury, postconditioning (Post), lactic acid (Lac), low-dose ed...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.fjc.0000432860.48345.9d
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine the receptor subtype mediating enhanced contractile responses of aortae and mesenteric arteries from diabetic rats to the alpha-adrenoceptor agonists, norepinephrine, clonidine, and methoxamine and to establish whether the enhanced responses are associated with increased rele...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199008000-00010
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::High blood pressure (BP) is associated with increased risk of vascular disease, including myocardial infarction and stroke. Since drugs that lower BP will reduce the risk of those complications of hypertension that are due to high pressure (strokes due to small-vessel disease, including lacunar infarction and intracer...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A single dose of doxazosin, a long-acting postsynaptic alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist, was administered to seven patients with essential hypertension. Following administration of a single dose, all the patients except one who was forced to be discharged from the hospital for work, continuously received doxazosin once...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198707000-00013
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies suggested that dopamine may be one of the inhibitory modulators of aldosterone secretion. Metoclopramide, a selective antagonist for dopamine D-2 receptors, increases both basal plasma aldosterone levels and the aldosterone response to angiotensin II (Ang II) in rats and humans kept on a high sodium in...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acute effects of daunomycin on the mechanical and energetic outputs of rabbit papillary muscles have been examined at 27 degrees C using a myothermic technique. Contrary to expectations, daunomycin, in concentrations ranging from 10 to 160 micrograms/ml, acted as a positive inotropic agent in terms of peak stress ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198505000-00023
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compound LY249933 and its component diastereomers, (RR) and (SR), were studied for their vascular and cardiac effects in vitro and in vivo. In guinea pig cardiac ventricular membranes, LY249933, (RR), and (SR) potently displaced bound [3H]nitrendipine (Kd values = 2-6 nM). In isolated guinea pig right ventricular stri...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is pivotal in the progression of hypertension, atherosclerosis, and restenosis. Resveratrol is a grape polyphenol that is implicated as an important contributor to red wine's vascular protective effects. Its antimitogenic action on VSMC is attributed to an array of plei...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e318059ae80
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bronchopulmonary and pressor effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1), a newly described vasoconstrictor peptide produced by endothelial cells, were investigated in the guinea pig. Intravenous injection of ET-1 (1 nmol/kg) induced an increase in pulmonary inflation pressure (PIP) as well as an important and sustained increa...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198900135-00036
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both population (mass) strategies and targeted strategies for the management of high blood pressure are necessary. However, it has yet to be proven that reducing blood pressure by lifestyle changes in the population will confer the same cardiovascular benefit that results from lowering blood pressure by drugs. It is i...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00005344-199627003-00008
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiotensin II, bradykinin, and substance P are powerful vasoconstrictors of venous smooth muscle. In this report, we have characterized the receptors and the cellular mechanisms of these vasoactive peptides on a new isolated smooth muscle preparation, the rabbit vena cava. Receptors were characterized using agonists ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199109000-00013
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence for the hypothesis that the rise in peripheral resistance that occurs in inherited hypertension is due largely to the observed rise in the circulating level of a sodium transport inhibitor is reviewed. A sequence of events is proposed linking a postulated genetic defect in the kidney's ability to excrete sodi...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00005344-198400061-00012
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined whether the activation of the renin-angiotensin system after intramuscular isoprenaline injection contributes to the simultaneous increase in vasopressin release. Plasma concentrations of vasopressin and angiotensin II were measured in conscious rats using specific radioimmunoassays. Intravenous infusions ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198011000-00010
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The object of this study was to differentiate losartan, an AT1-selective angiotensin II (ANG II) receptor antagonist, from enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, by measuring forearm vascular responses to AI, AII, and bradykinin. Eight healthy men were studied in a randomised, 4-period crossover ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00005344-199310000-00011
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously demonstrated that endothelin-1 (ET-1) is essential to the development of neural crest-derived craniofacial and cardiovascular structures. In this study we evaluated the intrauterine growth and development of the thyroid and thymus glands in Edn1-/- homozygous mice. Edn1-/- homozygous mice were small...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemokines are small secreted proteins with chemoattractant properties that play a key role in inflammation, metastasis, and embryonic development. We previously demonstrated a nonchemotactic role for one such chemokine pair, stromal cell-derived factor-1α and its G-protein coupled receptor, CXCR4. Stromal cell-derive...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181f713fe
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelins (ETs) are a family of peptide hormones that act on G protein-coupled ET(A) and ET(B) receptors. ETs exert inotropic and chronotropic actions in the heart. Myocardial ischemia is associated with increased plasma levels of ET and cell swelling. We examined the effect of ETs on dog atrial swelling-induced chl...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200005000-00014
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-three patients [mean age 49.7 +/- 5.6 years (WHO II-III)] with severe hypertension and not responding to previous drug treatment were included in the study to evaluate the effect of nitrendipine (NTP) as monotherapy and also in combination with propranolol (PRO). After a control period of 10 days, NTP was start...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198806124-00033
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies were performed to evaluate the degree of inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) by an ACE inhibitor by assessing the blood pressure response to a continuous i.v. infusion of increasing doses of angiotensin I in healthy volunteers. We assessed pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of two calcium antagonists on left ventricular (LV) relaxation and diastolic filling was evaluated in 16 randomized patients. Isradipine and nifedipine were administered intravenously in a maximum dose of 60 micrograms/min for isradipine and 63 micrograms/min for nifedipine. Heart rate was increased signifi...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00