Abstract：
:Data from women with advanced ovarian cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III or IV) were analyzed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships of carboplatin-based combination chemotherapy. With the equation area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) = dose/(creatinine clearance + 25), carboplatin AUC was calculated in each of up to six treatment cycles in 224 women with advanced ovarian cancer who had been randomized to receive carboplatin 300 mg/m2 plus cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2. In addition, for each patient, the predicted nadir count (obtained by rearranging the University of Maryland single-agent carboplatin dosing formula) was compared with the actual observed nadir count, received and relative received dose intensities were calculated, and carboplatin exposure intensity was defined. Relationships were sought between these treatment indices and the clinical outcomes of time to progression and survival. When combined with cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2, any carboplatin AUC was found to be associated with greater myelotoxicity and a higher likelihood of both leukopenia and thrombocytopenia occurring than had been determined for single-agent carboplatin. Furthermore, the platelet nadir in 83% of patients was equal to or below that predicted to result from the same dose of single-agent carboplatin. There was a relatively narrow range of received dose intensities within this patient population, but carboplatin exposure intensity was calculated as being distributed over a two-fold range within the population. Therefore, received carboplatin dose intensity underestimates the range of plasma drug exposure associated with a fixed dosing regimen of carboplatin. However, there were no consistent relationships between received dose intensity, relative received dose intensity, or carboplatin exposure intensity and the clinical outcomes of time to progression or survival. The relationships between carboplatin exposure and the pharmacodynamic measures of toxicity and response are likely to require definition in each regimen that includes carboplatin and for each tumor type treated.
journal_name
Semin Oncoljournal_title
Seminars in oncologyauthors
Egorin MJ,Reyno LM,Canetta RM,Jodrell DI,Swenerton KD,Pater JL,Burroughs JN,Novak MJ,Sridhara Rsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-10-01 00:00:00pages
7-19issue
5 Suppl 12eissn
0093-7754issn
1532-8708journal_volume
21pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:Chemotherapy for prostate cancer currently has an established role in the treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer. There is strong evidence that combined modality treatment with androgen ablation in addition to radiotherapy provides a benefit above and beyond radiotherapy alone in patients with a poor prognosi...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0093-7754(03)00274-4
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over 50% of patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) have stage IV disease at presentation and the most likely organ to be affected by metastases is the liver. Hepatic involvement and hepatic tumor burden is a key prognostic factor affecting survival of these patients and 80% eventually di...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2018.07.002
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because results with conventional salvage therapy remain disappointing, the approach of using high-dose therapy and bone marrow transplantation has gained increasing support in recent years. Several trials have now been reported using various conditioning regimens and hematopoietic rescue sources. Although it is not c...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical development of the recombinant alpha interferons has provided a prototype for the clinical development of biological compounds. With over 5,000 patients now treated with these compounds, some general principles have emerged that have wider implications for phase I-II strategies for testing other biologica...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential benefits of docetaxel (Taxotere; Aventis, Antony, France) to patients with previously-treated non-small cell lung cancer have been evaluated in two prospective randomized phase III trials. In one study, patients with stage IIIB/IV non-small cell lung cancer who had failed previous cisplatin-based chemoth...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with advanced colorectal cancer were randomized to receive either fluorouracil (5-FU) 370 mg/m2 IV days 1 to 5 followed by weekly applications of 5-FU 600 mg/m2 or the same doses of 5-FU preceded by folinic acid 200 mg/m2. Because of toxicity, the weekly 5-FU dose in the combination treatment schedule was red...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quality of life (QOL) variables are increasingly included as end points in cancer therapy trials, supplementing such traditional end points as survival time in evaluating the effects of cancer treatments. Consensus has been reached that a number of QOL components (symptom status and physical, emotional, role, and soci...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLCL) is the most frequently diagnosed subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), and more than 50% of cases present in patients over 60 years of age. Although cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/vincristine/prednisone (CHOP) is currently regarded as the gold standard treatment for DLCL, less tha...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/sonc.2002.32749
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The discovery of the HER2/neu proto-oncogene and its role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer tumors, and the development of the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, trastuzumab (Herceptin; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA), directed against the HER2 receptor represent major milestones in the research developments in bre...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0093-7754(01)90188-5
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent advances in the biology of multiple myeloma cell growth and survival have suggested new avenues for treatment and potential cure of this disease. Adhesion molecules on the myeloma cell surface mediate their localization in the bone marrow via binding to extracellular matrix proteins and stromal cells. Stromal c...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sequencing of targeted therapy is well established in metastatic renal cancer. Switching between different vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-targeted therapies or VEGF-targeted therapies and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors are both of proven benefit. The optimal sequence remains unclear. Un...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2013.05.002
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metastatic cancers during pregnancy have historically been associated with dismal outcomes, with greater rates of tumor progression in part because of diminished treatment alternatives. Immunotherapy with T-cell checkpoint inhibitors has significantly impacted the survival of several metastatic tumors. However, given ...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2018.03.003
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of this National Cancer Institute-sponsored phase I trial is to determine the feasibility, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of continuous-infusion (24 hr/d, 7 d/wk, 7 weeks total) intravenous paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) when combined with standard, curative-intent radiation t...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ), the first taxane used in routine clinical practice, has aroused considerable interest for its high single-agent activity against breast cancer and for its novel mechanism of action. Epirubicin, the 4' epimer of doxorubicin, is another agent with a high a...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacologic interventions for cancer risk reduction involve the chronic administration of synthetic or natural agents to reduce or delay the occurrence of malignancy. Despite the strong evidence for a favorable risk-benefit ratio for a number of agents in several common malignancies such as breast and prostate cance...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2015.09.014
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most important is the physician's attitude, energy, and skill focused toward helping the patient through the difficulties in the last weeks of life. Many causes of nausea, dyspnea, and other troublesome symptoms can be effectively treated, and pharmacologic palliation is nearly always possible. A multidisciplinary tea...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is not a single disease, but a group of closely related B- and T-cell cancers of the lymphatic system. The incidence of NHL is rising, particularly in the countries of the industrialized world. The increased incidence is poorly understood, but several risk factors have been postulated to b...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2005.01.008
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pain is a common, feared, but treatable component of malignancy. The ability, however, to successfully relieve the difficult symptoms of progressive disease, including pain, require an understanding of tumor behavior, complications, and cancer therapy. Despite the treatability of cancer pain and multiple clinical opti...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent advances in understanding tumor-specific immunity have introduced new excitement in the clinical development of vaccines for the treatment of cancer. A better understanding of basic immunologic principles has led to a variety of techniques for enhancing tumor-specific immunity through vaccination. Approaches to...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2005.09.006
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ZD1839 (Iressa; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP, Wilmington, DE) is an orally active, selective inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) that blocks signaling pathways responsible for driving proliferation, invasion, and survival of cancer cells. In preclinical studies of cell lines and h...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/sonc.2003.50028
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Present status of gastric cancer surgery in Japan and several new procedures are reviewed in this article. Japanese treatment results of this disease were significantly better than Western results even when stages were adjusted. Generally speaking, Japanese surgical procedures are more aggressive and meticulous compar...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since its foundation in 1971, the RTOG has conducted a successful clinical research program in head and neck mucosal squamous cell carcinoma with 22 treatment protocols and one registry study which combined have accumulated data on over 5,500 patients. The RTOG was the first multicenter group to evaluate neoadjuvant c...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dry mouth (xerostomia) is one of the most common complaints following radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancers. Notably, RT causes irreparable damage to salivary glands that increases the risk for severe and long-term oral and pharyngeal disorders. Several strategies in the treatment of head and neck cancers h...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2004.12.009
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The current resurgence in the use of nomograms as diagnostic and prognostic tools has legitimate roots in their effectiveness in facilitating communication between the doctor and patient. By returning to a more classical approach to nomography, graphical insights can further enlighten the patient beyond what can be ac...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2009.12.003
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thus, many interesting and promising techniques are now available for the study of potential prognostic factors in esophageal carcinoma, and the results may supplement the information that is obtained by routine histopathologic analysis. It may become possible to define subgroups of patients with lower risk tumors, fo...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The curative management of gastric adenocarcinoma depends on complete resection of the primary tumor. In patients with lymph node metastases in the resected specimen, the relapse and death rates from recurrent cancer are 70% to 80%. There is continued debate over whether more extensive lymph node dissection (D2) impro...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0093-7754(03)00298-7
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Knowledge of the pharmacokinetics of a drug is essential to the optimal design of the dose and schedule of chemotherapy protocols. As an extension, an understanding of the mechanism of drug action is necessary to construct the optimal strategy for combination chemotherapy. Nucleoside antimetabolites such as fludarabin...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) 5-year survival rates are approaching 90% in children and 50% in adults who are receiving contemporary risk-directed treatment protocols. Current efforts focus not only on further improving cure rate but also on patient quality of life. Hence, all protocols decrease or limit the use ...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2009.05.002
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract are related by location, they have distinct clinical and molecular characteristics. This review will focus on the molecular biology of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) of which alterations in p53, overexpression of cyclin D1, loss of p16, and aneuploidy have been best c...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2004.04.019
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Advances in technology have accelerated the translation of genetics and genomics into the arena of cancer prevention. This provides unique opportunities to individualize cancer risk prediction so early intervention can either modify risk or allow for early diagnosis thereby potentially decreasing the morbidity and mor...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2010.05.005
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
