Abstract：
:The clinical development of the recombinant alpha interferons has provided a prototype for the clinical development of biological compounds. With over 5,000 patients now treated with these compounds, some general principles have emerged that have wider implications for phase I-II strategies for testing other biologicals. There is a suggestion of dose-response relationships and a clearer picture of schedule dependence. The extent of tumor burden and identification of sensitive subtypes of patients also appear to be critical factors in evaluating the true potential activity of biological compounds. The toxicity profile of the alpha interferons is unusual. Fever and flu-like symptoms occur in all doses and schedules and are usually dose limiting. Somnolence and other CNS effects occur in a small percentage of patients. Hematologic toxicity occurs but is minimal at lower doses and is noncumulative and rapidly reversible at all doses. Gastrointestinal toxicity is mild. No other unusual or unexpected toxicities have been reported, and early reports of cardiovascular toxicity have not been confirmed in large trials. The use of these pioneer recombinant DNA products raised concerns about the potential development of antibodies and serum-neutralizing factors. Reports with small patient numbers confirmed the occasional development of serum-neutralizing activity to some alpha interferons. The significance of this neutralizing activity and the reasons for an apparent higher incidence of this phenomenon with some alpha interferon preparations remain to be determined. The full role of alpha interferon by itself or in combination with other available therapies will be resolved in coming years. This review presents current safety, efficacy, and neutralizing antibody data.
journal_name
Semin Oncoljournal_title
Seminars in oncologyauthors
Spiegel RJsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-06-01 00:00:00pages
1-12issue
2 Suppl 2eissn
0093-7754issn
1532-8708journal_volume
14pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,评审abstract：:Patients with acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia receive significant numbers of blood products for hematologic support during periods of disease and treatment related cytopenias. These patients may be at increased risk for complications associated with transfusion. This article reviews the indicatio...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy diminishes the likelihood of local-regional and distant recurrences and appears to prolong survival in patients who have undergone a complete surgical resection of a Dukes-Kirklin stage B2 or C rectal cancer. Patients with this malignant condition rarely develop p...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many small cell carcinomas share morphological and physiological characteristics with normal and neoplastic cells of Pearse's APUD series, including pulmonary APUD cells and pulmonary carcinoid tumors. There is very likely more than one type of APUD cell in the lung, and conclusions that small cell carcinomas and carc...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Etoposide has been used in the treatment of a wide variety of neoplasms, including small cell lung cancer. Kaposi's sarcoma, testicular cancer, acute leukemia, and lymphoma. Its current therapeutic use is limited by myelosuppression, particularly neutropenia. Pharmacodynamic studies of etoposide show that this toxicit...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and their directly derived cell-based application known as chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) ensue from the need to develop novel therapeutic strategies that retain high anti-tumor activity, but carry reduced toxicity compared to conventional chemo- and radiotherapies. In this concise revi...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2014.08.005
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of this National Cancer Institute-sponsored phase I trial is to determine the feasibility, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of continuous-infusion (24 hr/d, 7 d/wk, 7 weeks total) intravenous paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) when combined with standard, curative-intent radiation t...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experimental renal-cell carcinoma can be induced by many different chemical carcinogens; dimethyl nitrosoamine has been most studied. The disease so induced in experimental animals closely resembles the spontaneous disease in man in histopathology, course, and other characteristics. Two agents that are probably etiolo...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-term survival is occasionally observed in patients with neoplastic meningitis (NM) accompanying breast cancer (13% one-year and 6% 2-year survival), melanoma, and lymphoma, but in general the survival of most patients is short and averages only 3 to 4 months. The incidence of NM appears to be increasing, in part ...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2006.04.016
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The evaluation of the activity of new drugs against small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is discussed and the results with gemcitabine are presented. Gemcitabine has activity against untreated SCLC. Preliminary results from an ongoing study also indicate activity in so-called resistant SCLC. ...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maintenance therapy using rituximab is currently under consideration as a means of prolonging remission in patients with indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. A phase II trial using rituximab as first-line therapy followed by maintenance treatment was carried out in patients with previously untreated indolent non-Hodgkin's...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three hematopoietic growth factors, erythropoietin, GM-CSF, and G-CSF, have all been evaluated in the context of HIV infection. Recombinant human Epo is currently licensed for therapy of anemia related to zidovudine and is well tolerated in this patient population. Although myelosuppression can clearly be overcome usi...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The side effects of cisplatin (75 mg/m2) in combination with paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) (175 mg/m2 over 3 hours) are expected to be more severe and frequent than those of carboplatin (area under the concentration-time curve of 5) in combination with the same dose of paclitaxel, but...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Targeted therapy for breast cancer has existed since 1986, when Beatson published his observations on oophorectomy. In the past 5 years monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been evaluated in phase I and II clinical trials of breast cancer. Trastuzumab (Herceptin; Genentech, Inc, South San Francisc...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2004.02.018
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most cellular proto-oncogenes encode proteins that participate in signaling pathways by which cells receive and execute instructions that lead to mitogenesis, differentiation, lineage determination, cell migration, extracellular matrix production, and apoptosis, among others. These proto-oncogene protein products incl...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/sonc.2002.31524
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study reports the effectiveness and side effects of intravenous ondansetron as a single-agent antiemetic therapy for patients receiving emetogenic cancer chemotherapy under a compassionate-use program for patients not enrolled in controlled clinical trials. Patients were > or = 7 years old and had uncontrolled na...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Locoregionally advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer is defined by bulky primary site disease and/or regionally advanced lymphadenopathy involving the contralateral mediastinum and/or supraclavicular lymph nodes. These tumors are not amenable to curative-intent surgical resection but can be approached with ...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemotherapy for prostate cancer currently has an established role in the treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer. There is strong evidence that combined modality treatment with androgen ablation in addition to radiotherapy provides a benefit above and beyond radiotherapy alone in patients with a poor prognosi...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0093-7754(03)00274-4
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hormonal therapy is very effective in the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Response to various therapies leads to improved quality of life and prolonged survival. This clinical trial compared two commonly utilized additive hormonal agents, tamoxifen citrate and megestrol acetate (Megace). Prelimina...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The targeting of molecular abnormalities in neoplasms may provide an opportunity to improve the selectivity of cancer therapy. Ras mutations are a common genetic event in human cancers. Other genetic changes in tumors can signal through ras-dependent pathways as well. The targeting of ras through the inhibition of Ras...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0093-7754(01)90286-6
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent insights into cell-mediated immunotherapy have led to a wave of new trials involving immunotherapy for prostate cancer. Vaccines have evolved from nonspecific immune stimulants like Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) to much more specific and potent strategies. Techniques currently being investigated include passiv...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To address the urgent need for novel therapies for multiple myeloma (MM), long-term research efforts have characterized the mechanisms whereby MM cells home to the bone marrow and adhere to bone marrow stromal cells and extracellular matrix proteins. Research also characterizes the functional sequelae of this binding ...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/sonc.2002.34072
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In spite of the chemosensitivity seen with the initial treatment of malignant lymphoid disorders, relapse is common and death most often occurs as a result of disease progression. This is related to a multitude of resistance mechanisms associated with the various lymphoproliferative disorders. As a result, therapies t...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The heat-shock proteins (HSPs) belong to a family of ubiquitous and abundant proteins used successfully in prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination against tumors. The HSPs are natural chaperones of peptides that reflect the immunologic composition of the cell. Immunization with tumor-derived HSP-peptide complexes (HS...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well known that African American men are more likely to be diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer than White men. Racial variation in the use of prostate cancer early detection modalities (ie, digital rectal examination [DRE] and prostate-specific antigen [PSA] testing) has been suggested as a major reason fo...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The combination of gemcitabine and docetaxel exhibits good activity in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. Phase II trial response rates using 21- or 28-day schedules have ranged from 36% to 79% in patient populations with varying degrees of pretreatment. In studies of extensively pretreated anthracycline-resista...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/sonc.2003.37270
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lymphoproliferative disorders are characterized by the abnormal accumulation of aberrant lymphocytes, which frequently interfere with the processes associated with immunologic response and hematopoiesis. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has traditionally been considered indolent, with a prolonged clinical course. Ho...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2006.01.026
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacologic interventions for cancer risk reduction involve the chronic administration of synthetic or natural agents to reduce or delay the occurrence of malignancy. Despite the strong evidence for a favorable risk-benefit ratio for a number of agents in several common malignancies such as breast and prostate cance...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2015.09.014
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical research in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer has entered a new phase. A pivotal Gynecologic Oncology Group study demonstrated that paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) plus cisplatin was superior to the previous standard therapy of cyclophosphamide plus cisplatin. Confirma...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease for which several new treatments are available. Much has been learned about its biology over the past 15 years. We now understand that there are various subtypes of the disease, each one associated with different outcomes and clinical pathological features. While a deta...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminoncol.2013.07.002
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Relapse following complete remission achieved with a single course of high-dose chemotherapy continues to be the main cause of treatment failure in patients with metastatic breast cancer. A phase I/II trial was initiated that combined the two most active drugs against breast cancer, doxorubicin and paclitaxel (Taxol; ...
journal_title：Seminars in oncology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
