Abstract:
:Two of the more consistent findings in Alzheimer's disease are depressions in frontal and temporoparietal glucose metabolism and a loss of cholinergic neurons in the nucleus basalis of Meynert. Nonetheless, cholinergic replacement strategies have had only minimal therapeutic successes. Whether this situation reflects the limited contribution of cholinergic deafferentation to the intellectual decline or the meager ability of the pharmaceuticals tested to exert their intended pharmacologic action remains unclear. To address this question, the distribution of cerebral abnormalities found in untreated Alzheimer patients, as revealed by positron emission tomography following 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose, were compared with the pattern of functional changes produced by drugs that block or stimulate cholinergic function. Physostigmine was administered to 6 Alzheimer patients to increase brain cholinergic neurotransmission. The anticholinergic scopolamine, given to normal volunteers, was administered to 6 age-matched controls. These data were compared to those obtained from the same subjects while receiving placebo. Amnestic doses of the anticholinergic, scopolamine increased glucose metabolism by up to 20% (p < 0.001) in all brain regions studied, except thalamus. This response contrasted with the metabolic reductions of up to 17% (p < 0.01), especially in parietal and frontal association cortices, occurring in unmedicated Alzheimer patients. Maximum tolerated doses of the anti-cholinesterase, physostigmine, rather than tending to normalize abnormalities in these patients, further reduced cerebral metabolism (p < 0.01) and increased metabolism in thalamus in a pattern inversely correlated (p < 0.001) with that produced by scopolamine. These results fail to support a cholinergic basis for the abnormal metabolic pattern in Alzheimer's disease.
journal_name
J Neurol Scijournal_title
Journal of the neurological sciencesauthors
Blin J,Piercey MF,Giuffra ME,Mouradian MM,Chase TNdoi
10.1016/0022-510x(94)90202-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-05-01 00:00:00pages
44-51issue
1-2eissn
0022-510Xissn
1878-5883pii
0022-510X(94)90202-Xjournal_volume
123pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract::The activation-flow coupling describes a mechanism, which adapts local cerebral blood flow in accordance with the underlying neuronal activity. It was suggested that the mechanism helps in differentiation between Alzheimer and vascular type of dementia. We combined EEG and Doppler techniques and assessed integrity of ...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::A 55-year-old woman developed an intractable right orbitofrontal headache. The symptoms subsided spontaneously 2 months after onset, but diplopia due to right abducens nerve palsy had occurred, and gradually worsened. Orbito-ocular signs were never observed throughout the clinical course. Brain MRI and MR angiography ...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2005.03.037
更新日期:2005-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to provide an updated overview of primary central lymphoma (PCL) using a large cohort of 33 years. That being said, we attempted to examine the patient demographics, management plans and their outcome, causes of death and the time trends in overall incidence and mortality rates of these patient...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
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journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0022-510x(75)90140-9
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex disorder and the most common form of neurodegenerative dementia. Several genetic, environmental, and physiological factors, including inflammations and metabolic influences, are involved in the progression of AD. Inflammations are composed of complicated networks of many chemokine...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Ten unmedicated patients with Parkinson's disease received sub-threshold 5-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the primary motor hand area (M1(HAND)) contralaterally to the more affected upper limb. Compared to a midfrontal sham-rTMS, real-rTMS over M1(HAND) was associated with a significant de...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0022-510x(00)00370-1
更新日期:2000-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To validate a semi-automated computer approach for the assessment of the degree of carotid artery luminal narrowing by comparing it to the visual evaluation by a neuroradiologist. STUDY DESIGN AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:In a retrospective cross-sectional study, consecutive emergency department patients who un...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2007.12.023
更新日期:2008-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) is defined as "recurrent seizures following stroke with confirmed diagnosis of epilepsy". Our objective was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic PSE aspects at the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital, the main reference centre for neurological conditions in Burkina Faso....
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2016.06.038
更新日期:2016-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Postnatal development of the human visual cortex is characterized by an overshooting growth pattern of its volume with a maximum at 8 postnatal months and by loss of a substantial proportion of its neurons. The highest rate of reduction in neuronal numbers is observed in layers II-IVa, with other layers showing a more...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0022-510x(91)90156-2
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abstract::The pathogenesis of MS has become better understood as a result of recent advances in several areas, particularly in epidemiology and neuro-imaging. A number of epidemiologically based conclusions need to be revised, most importantly the putative direct relationship between prevalence and latitude, and the concept tha...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0022-510x(92)90280-x
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The study aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of endovascular treatment (EVT) versus medical treatment (MT) in patients with symptomatic vertebral artery (VA) stenosis. METHODS:Randomized controlled trials with active and control groups receiving EVT plus MT and MT alone in patients with vertebro-ba...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2018.05.024
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abstract::A common cause of nerve cell death often leading to vascular dementia is ischemic stroke. Attempts to develop clinically effective stroke treatment and prevention strategies based on pharmacological manipulations of a single mechanism have not led to clinical success. Analysis of clinical neuroprotection trials sugges...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2004.11.028
更新日期:2005-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Intravascular lymphoma (IVL) is a rare disorder characterized by the aggregation of malignant large cell lymphoma cells in small vessels. Neurological manifestations are typically the initial and, often the only, clinically obvious consequences of this malignancy. Diagnosis is dependent on biopsy or postmortem demonst...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2005.01.001
更新日期:2005-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Association of changes in olfactory-related structures with olfactory function in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is not well understood. We used a T&T olfactometer test kit to evaluate olfactory function in 26 patients with MS and 26 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Then, Brain MRI were performed and...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2016.03.045
更新日期:2016-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Shapiro syndrome is a rare entity, comprising a triad of recurrent hypothermia, hyperhidrosis and congenital agenesis of the corpus callosum. Fewer than 50 cases have been described, almost invariably in patients presenting in childhood or early adulthood. We present a case of an 80 year old woman presenting with recu...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.03.014
更新日期:2013-06-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.09.007
更新日期:2013-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropathy has been frequently reported in patients with IgG monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) but it is still unclear whether this association has clinical or pathogenetic relevance. In order to clarify the possible role of IgG MGUS in the neuropathy we correlated the clinical and electrophysi...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0022-510x(99)00049-0
更新日期:1999-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:To study what comorbid conditions were present at baseline and 3years later in a cohort of Spanish Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, to compare comorbidity with both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and control groups and to analyze the role of comorbidity as predictor of mortality. METHODS:One hundr...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2016.12.046
更新日期:2017-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies to estimate burden of neurological disorders in Africa are limited to inpatients in urban hospitals. The spectrum of neurological conditions in rural Africa remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:To determine the spectrum of neurological presentations in an outpatient setting in rural Zimbabwe. METHOD...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2016.01.065
更新日期:2016-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is defined as the change in cerebral blood flow, or blood velocity, in response to a vasoactive stimulus. There is a possible association between impaired CVR and vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Most studies on CVR and vasospasm have used healthy subjects ...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2015.12.024
更新日期:2016-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is a strong protein deacetylase, which is highly expressed in central nervous system. Recently, an association between SIRT2 rs10410544 polymorphism and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) was found in the APOEε4-negative Caucasian population. To investigate the potential association between the rs...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.10.001
更新日期:2014-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) histogram analysis can be used as a method for quantifying overall disease burden in MS. We studied correlations between MTR histogram and clinical parameters in MS subgroups. Contrary to earlier studies we placed special emphasis on the lower MTR range, to explore the ef...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0022-510x(01)00431-2
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis on cellulose acetate, already utilized for serum proteins, has been applied to CSF proteins. The technical modifications which allow the use of unconcentrated CSF are described. By utilizing a particularly suitable supporting medium, a good separation of proteins is achieved; ...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0022-510x(78)90203-4
更新日期:1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Primary lateral sclerosis is a rare neurodegenerative disorder of the upper motor neurons. Diagnostic criteria have changed considerably over the years, and the recent consensus criteria introduced 'probable PLS' for patients with a symptom duration of 2-4 years. The objective of this study is the systemat...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2020.117052
更新日期:2020-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Isoflavone formononetin is a typical phytoestrogen isolated from Chinese medical herb red clover. It has been reported that estrogens have neuroprotective properties, and dietary intake of phytoestrogens could reduce stroke injury in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) animal models. In the present research, we sought...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2014.06.033
更新日期:2014-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We compared clinical characteristics and outcomes of the early-onset seizure post-stroke patients who had seizures occurring at stroke presentation (SSP) with other patients without SSP at a single institution in Eastern China. METHODS:We reviewed 20,947 ischemic stroke patients in our hospital electronic medi...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2018.01.028
更新日期:2018-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::In the last two decades functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has dominated research in neuroscience. However, only recently has it taken the first steps in translation to the clinical field. In this paper we describe the advantages of fMRI and DTI and the possible benefits of implementing these methods in clin...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2011.07.040
更新日期:2012-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Auditory vocal hallucinations are sometimes observed in temporal-lobe epilepsy, but are a frequent sign of psychosis and may rarely be mistaken for the latter. Here we report two patients who suffered from auditory vocal hallucinations, described as unintelligible human voices perceived at their left side during epile...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2011.03.029
更新日期:2011-06-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Contactin-associated protein 2 (Caspr2) antibody is a neuronal surface antibody (NSAb) capable of causing disorders involving central and peripheral nervous systems (PNS). Thymoma can be found in patients with Caspr2 antibodies and is most frequently associated with PNS symptoms. Myasthenia gravis can be fou...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2014.03.043
更新日期:2014-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::The internodal length of remyelinated internodes was examined by observations on teased CNS nerve fibres following primary demyelination induced by intraspinal injections of lysolecithin into the white matter of cats. A remyelinated internode was identified as a thinly-myelinated internode, where a node of Ranvier was...
journal_title:Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0022-510x(81)90084-8
更新日期:1981-02-01 00:00:00