An empirical comparison of univariate and multivariate meta-analyses for categorical outcomes.

abstract：:In the recent two decades, data mining methods for signal detection have been developed for drug safety surveillance, using large post-market safety data. Several of these methods assume that the number of reports for each drug-adverse event combination is a Poisson random variable with mean proportional to the unknow...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Hu N,Huang L,Tiwari RC

更新日期：2015-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of a cohort of workers in chemical industry (the so-called Boehringer cohort) exposed to 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) from 1950 to 1984 were subject in the years 1985-1986 and 1992-1994 to an extensive biomonitoring programme on the TCDD levels of the individual workers. For establishing a ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Heinzl H,Mittlböck M,Edler L

更新日期：2008-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:In modern observational studies using electronic health records or other routinely collected data, both the outcome and covariates of interest can be error-prone and their errors often correlated. A cost-effective solution is the two-phase design, under which the error-prone outcome and covariates are observed for all...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Tao R,Lotspeich SC,Amorim G,Shaw PA,Shepherd BE

更新日期：2021-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome-wide association studies are characterized by a huge number of statistical tests performed to discover new disease-related genetic variants [in the form of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] in human DNA. Many SNPs have been identified for cross-sectionally measured phenotypes. However, there is a growing ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Sikorska K,Rivadeneira F,Groenen PJ,Hofman A,Uitterlinden AG,Eilers PH,Lesaffre E

更新日期：2013-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The "some invalid, some valid instrumental variable estimator" (sisVIVE) is a lasso-based method for instrumental variables (IVs) regression of outcome on an exposure. In principle, sisVIVE is robust to some of the IVs in the analysis being invalid, in the sense of being related to the outcome variable through pathway...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Bao Y,Clarke PS,Smart M,Kumari M

更新日期：2019-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We consider using observational data to estimate the effect of a treatment on disease recurrence, when the decision to initiate treatment is based on longitudinal factors associated with the risk of recurrence. The effect of salvage androgen deprivation therapy (SADT) on the risk of recurrence of prostate cancer is in...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Kennedy EH,Taylor JM,Schaubel DE,Williams S

更新日期：2010-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In multivariate network meta-analysis (NMA), the piecemeal nature of the evidence base means that there may be treatment-outcome combinations for which no data is available. Most existing multivariate evidence synthesis models are either unable to estimate the missing treatment-outcome combinations, or can only do so ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Waddingham E,Matthews PM,Ashby D

更新日期：2020-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidermal nerve fibre (ENF) density and morphology are used to study small fibre involvement in diabetic, HIV, chemotherapy induced and other neuropathies. ENF density and summed length of ENFs per epidermal surface area are reduced, and ENFs may appear more clustered within the epidermis in subjects with small fibre ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Andersson C,Guttorp P,Särkkä A

更新日期：2016-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose a new, less costly, design to test the equivalence of digital versus analogue mammography in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Because breast cancer is a rare event among asymptomatic women, the sample size for testing equivalence of sensitivity is larger than that for testing equivalence of specificity...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Baker SG,Connor RJ,Kessler LG

更新日期：1998-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Clustered grouped survival data arise naturally in clinical medicine and biological research. For example, in a randomized clinical trial, the variable of interest is the time to occurrence of a certain event with or without a new treatment and the data are collected from possibly correlated subjects from independent ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Lam KF,Ip D

更新日期：2003-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumour registry linkage, chart review and patient self-report are all commonly used ascertainment methods in cancer epidemiology. These methods are used for estimating the incidence or prevalence of different cancer types in a population, and for investigating the effects of possible risk factors for cancer. Tumour re...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Bernatsky S,Joseph L,Bélisle P,Boivin JF,Rajan R,Moore A,Clarke A

更新日期：2005-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The need for resource-intensive laboratory assays to assess exposures in many epidemiologic studies provides ample motivation to consider study designs that incorporate pooled samples. In this paper, we consider the case in which specimens are combined for the purpose of determining the presence or absence of a pool-w...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Lyles RH,Tang L,Lin J,Zhang Z,Mukherjee B

更新日期：2012-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:In the pharmaceutical industry, some tests for quality assurance before, during and after the manufacture of a drug product involve a two-stage sampling technique. We propose statistical testing procedures in a two-stage sampling problem with large within-class sample sizes. We also derive a two-stage sampling plan by...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Shao J,Chow SC

更新日期：1993-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Standard randomization-based tests of sharp null hypotheses in randomized clinical trials, that is, intent-to-treat analyses, are valid without extraneous assumptions, but generally can be appropriately powerful only with alternative hypotheses that involve treatment assignment having an effect on outcome. In the cont...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Rubin DB

更新日期：1998-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Systematic reviews often provide recommendations for further research. When meta-analyses are inconclusive, such recommendations typically argue for further studies to be conducted. However, the nature and amount of future research should depend on the nature and amount of the existing research. We propose a method ba...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Roloff V,Higgins JP,Sutton AJ

更新日期：2013-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In many practical applications, count data often exhibit greater or less variability than allowed by the equality of mean and variance, referred to as overdispersion/underdispersion, and there are several reasons that may lead to the overdispersion/underdispersion such as zero inflation and mixture. Moreover, if the c...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Chen XD,Fu YZ,Wang XR

更新日期：2013-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Methods for addressing multiplicity in clinical trials have attracted much attention during the past 20 years. They include the investigation of new classes of multiple test procedures, such as fixed sequence, fallback and gatekeeping procedures. More recently, sequentially rejective graphical test procedures have bee...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Maurer W,Bretz F

更新日期：2013-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Adaptive designs or flexible designs in a broader sense have increasingly been considered in planning pivotal registration clinical trials. Sample size reassessment design and adaptive selection design are two of such designs that appear in regulatory applications. At the design stage, consideration of sample size rea...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Hung HM,Wang SJ,O'Neill R

更新日期：2011-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The 'at least as good as' criterion, introduced by Laster and Johnson for a continuous response variate, is developed here for applications with dichotomous data. This approach is adaptive in nature, as the margin of non-inferiority is not taken as a fixed difference; it varies as a function of the positive control re...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Laster LL,Johnson MF,Kotler ML

更新日期：2006-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Age-period-cohort (APC) analysis is widely used in cancer epidemiology to model trends in cancer rates. We develop methods for comparative APC analysis of two independent cause-specific hazard rates assuming that an APC model holds for each one. We construct linear hypothesis tests to determine whether the two hazards...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Rosenberg PS,Anderson WF

更新日期：2010-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Outcomes research often requires estimating the impact of a binary treatment on a binary outcome in a non-randomized setting, such as the effect of taking a drug on mortality. The data often come from self-selected samples, leading to a spurious correlation between the treatment and outcome when standard binary depend...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Bhattacharya J,Goldman D,McCaffrey D

更新日期：2006-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Meta analysis is a collection of quantitative methods devoted to combine summary information from related but independent studies. Because research reports usually present only data reductions and summary statistics rather than detailed data, the reviewer must often resort to rather crude methods for constructing summ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Di Pietrantonj C

更新日期：2006-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We develop parametric maximum likelihood methods to adjust for treatment changes during follow-up in order to assess the causal effect of treatment in clinical trials with time-to-event outcomes. The accelerated failure time model of Robins and Tsiatis relates each observed event time to the underlying event time that...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Walker AS,White IR,Babiker AG

更新日期：2004-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:A method is proposed to infer the randomized treatment effect on survival after an adjustment for a post-randomization variable. The post-randomization variable is made independent of the treatment assignment and is considered a surrogate for baseline prognostic factors. The relationship between the post-randomization...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Heller G

更新日期：2001-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Sam Greenhouse joined the Census Bureau as a clerk at an interesting time period for the agency. The first use of sampling in the decennial census occurred in 1940. There was a major expansion of the amount of data collected. The organization of the Census Bureau underwent radical changes, including the growth of the ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Keller J,Clark CZ

更新日期：2003-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents a statistically optimal exact hypothesis testing procedure for detecting changes in sales adjusted adverse drug reaction (ADR) rates between historical and current periods, with a computer program that implements this test appended. We provide discussions and illustrations on how to monitor ADR rat...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Norwood PK,Sampson AR

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I discuss alternatives to the one compartment model, delta Yt = alpha + beta exp(- gamma t). Instead of comparing the one and two compartment models, I derive statistics for testing mixtures of the parameters (beta, gamma) in the one compartment model. I apply the proposed methods to the problem of hydrogen clearance ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Zelterman D

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We provide a Bayesian analysis of data categorized into two levels of age (younger than 50 years, at least 50 years) and three levels of bone mineral density (normal, osteopenia, osteoporosis) for white females at least 20 years old in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. For the sample, the age...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Nandram B,Liu N,Choi JW,Cox L

更新日期：2005-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We explore the 'reassessment' design in a logistic regression setting, where a second wave of sampling is applied to recover a portion of the missing data on a binary exposure and/or outcome variable. We construct a joint likelihood function based on the original model of interest and a model for the missing data mech...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Lin J,Lyles RH

更新日期：2015-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We have formulated the problem of determining whether there has been an upturn in HIV-1 seroconversion incidence over the first five years of follow-up in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) as that of locating the minimum of a quadratic regression or examination of two-knot piecewise spline models. Under a quadr...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Zhou SY,Kingsley LA,Taylor JM,Chmiel JS,He DY,Hoover DR

更新日期：1993-01-30 00:00:00