Genetic analysis using polymerase chain reaction-amplified DNA and immobilized oligonucleotide probes: reverse dot-blot typing.

abstract：:To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of vertebrate color vision, it is essential to establish associations between amino acid substitutions and the directions of lambda max shifts of visual pigments. In this way, we can identify critical amino acid changes that may be responsible for lambda max shifts of visual pigme...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Yokoyama S

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obtaining patient-specific information through the quantification of small molecules and proteins in bodily fluids is essential for personalized therapies. Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic devices hold the promise of delivering such benefit to a wide range of patients. However, there is a lack of enabling technology, as...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Yu Q,Griss R,Schena A,Johnsson K

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years the facile, yet powerful, genetics of the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been appropriated for the study of amyloid toxicity. Several models of amyloid toxicity using this simple eukaryotic organism have been developed that faithfully recapitulate many disease-relevant phenotypes. Furthermo...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Giorgini F,Muchowski PJ

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane fission, which divides membrane surfaces into separate compartments, is essential to diverse cellular processes including membrane trafficking and cell division. Quantitative assays are needed to elucidate the physical mechanisms by which proteins drive membrane fission. Toward this goal, several experimental...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Snead WT,Stachowiak JC

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository at the National Center for Biotechnology Information archives and freely distributes high-throughput molecular abundance data, predominantly gene expression data generated by DNA microarray technology. The database has a flexible design that can handle diverse styles of bot...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Barrett T,Edgar R

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has been known to drive formation of biomolecular compartments, which can encapsulate RNA and proteins among other cosolutes. Such compartments, which lack a lipid membrane, have been implicated in origins of life scenarios as they can easily uptake and concentrate biomolecules, s...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Poudyal RR,Meyer MO,Bevilacqua PC

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autophagy is an extremely dynamic process that mediates the rapid degradation of intracellular components in response to different stress conditions. The autophagic response is executed by specific protein complexes, whose function is regulated by posttranslational modifications and interactions with positive and nega...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Antonioli M,Ciccosanti F,Dengjel J,Fimia GM

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Critical to the advancement of tumor immunotherapy is the reliable identification of responders and the quantification of the tumor-specific immune response elicited by treatments. In this regard, Enzyme-Linked Immunospot assay (ELISpot) is an ideal monitoring technique due to its high sensitivity, ease of execution a...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Negri D,Sestili P,Borghi M,Ciccolella M,Bracci L

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophila melanogaster is a useful organism for determining protein function and modeling human disease. Drosophila offers a rapid generation time and an abundance of genomic resources and genetic tools. Conservation in protein structure, signaling pathways, and developmental processes make studies performed in Droso...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Bohnekamp J,Cryderman DE,Thiemann DA,Magin TM,Wallrath LL

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe here the components and uses of two image intensifier systems. The SIT camera system is convenient, relatively inexpensive, readily adaptable to most microscopes, and reliable. It suffers from lack of resolution at high gain levels and the inability to extend its sensitivity by accumulating an image over t...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Willingham MC,Pastan IH

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retinoic acid (RA), the biologically active metabolite of vitamin A, regulates a vast spectrum of biological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and morphogenesis. microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating gene expression by binding to messenger RNA (mRNA) which leads to mRNA ...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Wang L,Rohatgi AP,Wan YY

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ubiquitin-like protein (Ubl) ligation is common to diverse archaea and targets many cellular pathways, including those associated with sulfur mobilization, and also tags proteins as substrates for degradation by the proteasome. Here we highlight protocols to assay proteasome function and Ubl ligation in archaea. A cha...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Fu X,Adams Z,Maupin-Furlow J

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The number of genetically modified mouse lines has been increasing exponentially in the past few decades. In order to safeguard them from accidental loss and genetic drifting, to reduce animal housing cost, and to efficiently distribute them around the world, it is important to cryopreserve these valuable genetic reso...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Takahashi H,Liu C

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are estimated to be >300,000 plant species, producing >200,000 metabolites. Many of these metabolites are restricted to specific plant lineages and are referred to as "specialized" metabolites. These serve varied functions in plants including defense against biotic and abiotic stresses, plant-plant and plant-mic...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Fan P,Moghe GD,Last RL

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) is a diverse group of secondary transporters with members found in all kingdoms of life. The paradigm for MFS is the lactose permease (LacY) of Escherichia coli, which has been the test bed for the development of many methods applied for the analysis of transport proteins. X-ray...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Madej MG

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The functional properties of proteins are decided not only by their relatively rigid overall structures, but even more importantly, by their dynamic properties. In a protein, some regions of structure exhibit highly correlated or anti-correlated motions with others, some are highly dynamic but uncorrelated, while othe...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Yu H,Dalby PA

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Assessment of protein nitration is commonly used as a footprint for the formation of reactive nitrogen species in vivo. However, one of the major disadvantages of measuring nitrotyrosine in proteins is that nitrated proteins are broken down at variable rates, and the resulting free nitrotyrosine is taken up by cells, ...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Mani AR,Moore KP

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The procedures described in this chapter have enabled us to identify and characterize monoclonal antibodies and their respective anti-idiotypes. We have developed several different types of immunoassays which afford greater flexibility to the investigator, depending on the type of antibodies desired and the availabili...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Kussie PH,Albright G,Linthicum DS

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A genetic interaction occurs when the combination of two mutations leads to an unexpected phenotype. Screens for synthetic genetic interactions have been used extensively to identify genes whose products are functionally related. In particular, synthetic lethal genetic interactions often identify genes that buffer one...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Baryshnikova A,Costanzo M,Dixon S,Vizeacoumar FJ,Myers CL,Andrews B,Boone C

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A fundamental concept of phosphorylation-mediated signaling is the precise switching between discrete functional conformations. According to the traditional view, phosphorylation induces a new, active conformation. In this chapter, a series of NMR experiments performed on a response regulator are described that challe...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Gardino AK,Kern D

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microfluidic devices have very broad applications in biological assays from simple chemotaxis assays to much more complicated 3D bioreactors. In this chapter, we describe the design and methods for performing chemotaxis assays using simple microfluidic chemotaxis chambers. With these devices, using real-time video mic...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Sai J,Rogers M,Hockemeyer K,Wikswo JP,Richmond A

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two lymphoid cell-specific proteins, called RAG-1 and RAG-2, initiate the process of antigen receptor gene rearrangement, termed V(D)J recombination, by assembling a protein-DNA complex with two recombination signal sequences (RSSs), each of which adjoins a different receptor gene segment, and then introducing a DNA d...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Bergeron S,Anderson DK,Swanson PC

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) initiate signaling pathways via trimetric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. GPCRs are classified based on their ligand-binding properties and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Nonetheless, these later analyses are in most case dependent on multiple sequence alignments, themselves ...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Rehman ZU,Mirza MT,Khan A,Xhaard H

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons are probably the most highly polarized cell type and typically develop a single axon and several dendrites. The establishment of a polarized morphology and the functional specialization of axonal and dendritic compartments are essential steps in the differentiation of neurons. Primary cultures of dissociated h...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Schwamborn JC,Li Y,Püschel AW

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive major human pathogen involved in a wide range of human infectious diseases (from minor skin infections to septicemia, endocarditis or toxic shock syndrome). The treatment of S. aureus infections is very challenging due to the emergence of multiple antibiotic-resistant isolates....

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Lalaouna D,Desgranges E,Caldelari I,Marzi S

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide formation in ischemia-reperfusion injury can be identified and measured directly using EPR of nitroso-heme complexes comprising NO bound to either Mb or Hb-Fe2+. This article described the successful use of this method to detect and quantify the generation of NO formed independently of nitric oxide syntha...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Lepore DA

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vivo genome manipulation through site-directed mutagenesis and chromosome rearrangements has been hindered by the difficulty in achieving high frequencies of targeting and the intensive labor required to create altered genomes that do not contain any heterologous sequence. Here we describe our approach, referred to...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Storici F,Resnick MA

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Arc (anoxic redox control) two-component system (TCS) is a complex signal transduction system that plays an important role in regulating energy metabolism at the level of transcription in bacteria. This system comprises the ArcB protein, a hybrid membrane-associated sensor kinase, and the ArcA protein, a typical r...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Alvarez AF,Georgellis D

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A central goal of biology is to understand how transcription factors target and regulate specific genes and networks to control cell fate and function. An equally important goal of synthetic biology, chemical biology, and personalized medicine is to devise molecules that can regulate genes and networks in a programmab...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Tietjen JR,Donato LJ,Bhimisaria D,Ansari AZ

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This chapter presents the application of capillary electrophoresis coupled to electrospray mass spectrometry (CE-ES-MS) for the analysis of complex bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from pathogenic strains of Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis. A discussion is included of the development of electropho...

journal_title：Methods in enzymology

authors： Li J,Martin A,Cox AD,Moxon ER,Richards JC,Thibault P

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00