Hierarchical multiple informants models: examining food environment contributions to the childhood obesity epidemic.

abstract：:In this commentary, we revisit Sir Austin Bradford Hill's seminal Alfred Watson Memorial Lecture in 1962 through the eyes of two practicing biostatisticians of the current era. We summarize some eternal takeaway messages from Hill's lecture regarding observations and experiments translated through the modern lexicon o...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Dempsey W,Mukherjee B

更新日期：2021-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:I reflect on the statistical methods of the Christakis-Fowler studies on network-based contagion of traits by checking the sensitivity of these kinds of results to various alternate specifications and generative mechanisms. Despite the honest efforts of all involved, I remain pessimistic about establishing whether bin...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Thomas AC

更新日期：2013-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In US states with small subpopulations, the observed mortality rates are often zero, particularly among young ages. Because in life tables, death rates are reported mostly on a log scale, zero mortality rates are problematic. To overcome the observed zero death rates problem, appropriate probability models are used. U...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Voulgaraki A,Wei R,Kedem B

更新日期：2015-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Detecting safety signals in clinical trial safety data is known to be challenging due to high dimensionality, rare occurrence, weak signal, and complex dependence. We propose a new hierarchical testing approach for analyzing safety data from a typical randomized clinical trial. This approach accounts for the hierarchi...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Tan X,Chen BE,Sun J,Patel T,Ibrahim JG

更新日期：2020-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Systematic reviews often provide recommendations for further research. When meta-analyses are inconclusive, such recommendations typically argue for further studies to be conducted. However, the nature and amount of future research should depend on the nature and amount of the existing research. We propose a method ba...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Roloff V,Higgins JP,Sutton AJ

更新日期：2013-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Meta-analyses of clinical trials are increasingly seeking to go beyond estimating the effect of a treatment and may also aim to investigate the effect of other covariates and how they alter treatment effectiveness. This requires the estimation of treatment-covariate interactions. Meta-regression can be used to estimat...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Simmonds MC,Higgins JP

更新日期：2007-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Statistical inference based on correlated count measurements are frequently performed in biomedical studies. Most of existing sample size calculation methods for count outcomes are developed under the Poisson model. Deviation from the Poisson assumption (equality of mean and variance) has been widely documented in pra...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Li D,Zhang S,Cao J

更新日期：2019-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Sam Greenhouse joined the Census Bureau as a clerk at an interesting time period for the agency. The first use of sampling in the decennial census occurred in 1940. There was a major expansion of the amount of data collected. The organization of the Census Bureau underwent radical changes, including the growth of the ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Keller J,Clark CZ

更新日期：2003-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We applied a computationally practical form of probit analysis for multiple response variables to data on early childhood development of four psychiatric disorders: disruptive disorders (DD-attention deficit disorders, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder); adjustment disorders (ADJ); emotional disorders (E...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Gibbons RD,Lavigne JV

更新日期：1998-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) using social/sexual mixing models, one must have quantitative information about sexual mixing. An unavoidable complication in gathering such information by survey is that members of the surveyed population will almost certainly have sexual contacts outside th...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Rubin G,Umbach D,Shyu SF,Castillo-Chavez C

更新日期：1992-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The Box-Cox power exponential (BCPE) distribution, developed in this paper, provides a model for a dependent variable Y exhibiting both skewness and kurtosis (leptokurtosis or platykurtosis). The distribution is defined by a power transformation Y(nu) having a shifted and scaled (truncated) standard power exponential ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Rigby RA,Stasinopoulos DM

更新日期：2004-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantifying socioeconomic disparities and understanding the roots of inequalities are growing topics in cancer research. However, socioeconomic differences are challenging to investigate mainly due to the lack of accurate data at individual-level, while aggregate indicators are only partially informative. We implement...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Mezzetti M,Palli D,Dominici F

更新日期：2020-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Composite endpoints are frequently used in clinical trials, but simple approaches, such as the time to first event, do not reflect any ordering among the endpoints. However, some endpoints, such as mortality, are worse than others. A variety of procedures have been proposed to reflect the severity of the individual en...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Follmann D,Fay MP,Hamasaki T,Evans S

更新日期：2020-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper we present a simple method for constructing (1- alpha)100 per cent confidence intervals for binomial proportions with near nominal coverage for all underlying proportion parameters on the unit interval. This new method uses, with a slight modification, the standard normal approximation technique taught i...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Borkowf CB

更新日期：2006-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The cost and efficiency of training clinical centre staff and of duplicate data entry in clinical trials is reviewed. Training is an essential component of quality assurance programmes and it is usually carried out at regular intervals in long-term clinical trials. Initial training of staff and regular retraining is i...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Neaton JD,Duchene AG,Svendsen KH,Wentworth D

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During phase III clinical trials in life-threatening disease settings, it is important to ensure that the Data Monitoring Committee (DMC) has exclusive access to the interim efficacy and safety data generated by the data analysis centre, in order to minimize the risk of widespread prejudgement of unreliable trial resu...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Fleming TR,Ellenberg S,DeMets DL

更新日期：2002-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Selection of dose for cancer patients treated with radiation therapy (RT) must balance the increased efficacy with the increased toxicity associated with higher dose. Historically, a single dose has been selected for a population of patients (e.g., all stage III non-small cell lung cancer). However, the availability o...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Schipper MJ,Taylor JM,TenHaken R,Matuzak MM,Kong FM,Lawrence TS

更新日期：2014-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The explanation of heterogeneity plays an important role in meta-analysis. The random effects meta-regression model allows the inclusion of trial-specific covariates which may explain a part of the heterogeneity. We examine the commonly used tests on the parameters in the random effects meta-regression with one covari...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Knapp G,Hartung J

更新日期：2003-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is treated with long-term intensive chemotherapy. During the latter part of the treatment, the maintenance therapy, the patients receive oral doses of two cytostatics. The doses are tailored to blood counts measured on a weekly basis, and the treatment is therefore highly dynami...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Rosthøj S,Keiding N,Schmiegelow K

更新日期：2012-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:We extend the shared frailty model of recurrent events and a dependent terminal event to allow for a nonparametric covariate function. We include a Gaussian random effect (frailty) in the intensity functions of both the recurrent and terminal events to capture correlation between the two processes. We employ the penal...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Zhangsheng Y,Liu L

更新日期：2011-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper statistical methods are proposed to estimate the distribution of a CD4 T-cell number at the time of a clinical AIDS endpoint from serial measurements of CD4 T-cell values in a cohort study. The statistical formulation of the problem is that of survival analysis with interval censored data, but in which t...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Taylor JM,Kim DK

更新日期：1994-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A relationship between baseline risk and treatment effect is increasingly investigated as a possible explanation of between-study heterogeneity in clinical trial meta-analysis. An approach that is still often applied in the medical literature is to plot the estimated treatment effects against the estimated measures of...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Arends LR,Hoes AW,Lubsen J,Grobbee DE,Stijnen T

更新日期：2000-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:A study of long term survival of 1487 patients given an allogeneic bone marrow transplant for acute myelogenous leukaemia and 729 patients given a transplant for severe aplastic anaemia was conducted by the International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry. One aim of this study is to determine if the mortality rates of t...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Andersen PK,Horowitz MM,Klein JP,Socie G,Stone JV,Zhang MJ

更新日期：1999-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated interobserver variation between three physician readers in the independent classification of chest radiographs from 1771 taconite workers for pneumoconiosis. We analysed variation with a general methodology for the analysis of categorical data, and quantified interobserver agreement in terms of kappa-t...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Musch DC,Landis JR,Higgins IT,Gilson JC,Jones RN

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interim analyses are conducted to allow for early termination of the trial, for ethical as well as economical reasons. Here we consider interim analyses in repeated measurements studies where the measurements are binary. Two methods for analysing this kind of data are compared according to their operating characterist...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Spiessens B,Lesaffre E,Verbeke G

更新日期：2003-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Piecewise constant incidence models were developed to estimate the force of infection in women from age- and time-specific antenatal or neonatal seroprevalence data. Differential inclusion of infected women in sero-surveys compared to uninfected women was taken into account, with respect to both changes in inclusion r...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Ades AE,Medley GF

更新日期：1994-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple imputation by chained equations is a flexible and practical approach to handling missing data. We describe the principles of the method and show how to impute categorical and quantitative variables, including skewed variables. We give guidance on how to specify the imputation model and how many imputations ar...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： White IR,Royston P,Wood AM

更新日期：2011-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Although there are many models which are used to calculate the health benefits (and thus the cost-effectiveness) of vaccination programmes, they can be divided into two groups: those which assume a constant force of infection, that is a constant per-susceptible rate of infection; and those which assume that the force ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Edmunds WJ,Medley GF,Nokes DJ

更新日期：1999-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To compare the survival functions based on right-truncated data, Lagakos et al. proposed a weighted logrank test based on a reverse time scale. This is in contrast to Bilker and Wang, who suggested a semi-parametric version of the Mann-Whitney test by assuming that the distribution of truncation times is known or can ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Chi Y,Tsai WY,Chiang CL

更新日期：2007-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper discusses and compares several estimators of mean rate of change in unbalanced longitudinal data based on a model with randomly distributed regression coefficients across individuals. The estimators are unweighted and weighted means of these coefficients. The paper also evaluates commonly used variance esti...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Palta M,Cook T

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00