Abstract：
:In gastroschisis, the eviscerated fetal bowel frequently is damaged and this results in hypoperistalsis and malabsorption. The mechanistic link that ties gastroschisis-induced intestinal damage to dysfunction may be nitric oxide (NO) and the enzyme responsible for producing it, NO synthase. Using a fetal rabbit model, the authors investigated the hypothesis that the hypoperistalsis and malabsorption associated with gastroschisis may be attributable to abnormal small bowel NO synthase activity. Using the 3H-arginine-to-3H-citrulline conversion assay, they measured NO synthase activity in the small bowel of full-term fetal rabbits with and without gastroschisis. The mean total small bowel NO synthase activity of fetal rabbits with gastroschisis was 2.5 times greater than that of control littermates without gastroschisis (n = 6; 5,726 +/- 834 v 2,208 +/- 537 mean pmol/mg protein/min; P = .004). This increased NO synthase activity also was studied by measuring the individual isoforms of NO synthase, and the site of increased NO synthase activity was localized to the small bowel epithelium and neurons. After detecting and localizing the gastroschisis-induced increase in NO synthase activity, the authors explored the mechanism of this increase using NADPH-diaphorase staining. With this histological staining technique, no quantitative increase was found in the small bowel NO synthase of the rabbits with gastroschisis. This suggests that the increased NO synthase activity found in these rabbits is the result of accelerated enzyme kinetics. These findings suggest that the increased NO synthase activity caused by gastroschisis may contribute to the common clinical sequelae of malabsorption and intestinal dysmotility.
journal_name
J Pediatr Surgjournal_title
Journal of pediatric surgeryauthors
Bealer JF,Graf J,Bruch SW,Adzick NS,Harrison MRdoi
10.1016/s0022-3468(96)90083-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-08-01 00:00:00pages
1043-5; discussion 1045-6issue
8eissn
0022-3468issn
1531-5037pii
S0022-3468(96)90083-4journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to identify the risk of respiratory disease for developing inguinal hernia (IH). STUDY DESIGN:A retrospective case-control study reviewed medical records of 100 outborn infant males, gestational age (GA) less than 35 weeks, admitted between July 1999 and November 2002 to our lev...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2006.06.007
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess outcomes of unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) managed at an Australasian centre over a 15 year period. To assess if MCDK involution could be predicted based on change noted between first two postnatal ultrasound scans 6 months apart. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:A retrospective study was per...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.12.008
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:In children, the diagnosis “acute appendicitis” is difficult. In 2010, a new Dutch appendicitis guideline was published with the goal to reduce the negative appendectomy rate. The guideline recommended mandatory imaging (ultrasound first and CT or MRI when inconclusive) before surgery. This study examines whe...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.02.050
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of severe blunt trauma in children receiving prehospital care from either physician-staffed advanced life support (ALS) units, or from basic life support (BLS) units staffed by emergency medical technicians. METHODS:The records of 288 children with severe blu...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-3468(98)90014-8
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) remains a significant complication of fetal surgery. Rates of 40% to 100% have been reported after both open and endoscopic fetal surgery. We describe a technique of endoscopic port insertion and removal that minimizes trauma to the membranes. METHODS:Twenty-seven conse...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2006.01.006
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/PURPOSE:Inguinal hernia repair and orchidopexy are among the most common operations in boys. The impact on future fertility has not been conclusively defined. This study evaluates sperm quality after previous inguinal surgery. METHODS:Spermiograms of men with a desire to conceive children were analyzed. His...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.10.012
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Children requiring surgical intervention for pancreatic disease may be at risk long term for exocrine insufficiency and glucose intolerance. Pediatric surgeons must balance the need to perform adequate surgical resection while preserving as much normal pancreatic parenchyma as possible. Neoplasms of the middle pancrea...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2006.12.023
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laparoscopic procedures requiring abdominal CO2 insufflation are applied with increasing frequency to the pediatric age group. Whereas the physiological effects accompanying insufflation have been studied in laboratory and clinical adult subjects, little is known of these effects in the juvenile subject. Young swine (...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-3468(94)90259-3
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has a significant role as a final rescue modality in severe respiratory failure of the newborn with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). The objective of this study was to compare the efficiency of venovenous (VV) versus venoarterial (VA) ECMO in newborns with CDH...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-3468(03)00256-2
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the major remaining problems in the management of children with anterior chest wall deformities is the lack of a widely accepted objective method of evaluating the severity of the deformity. This deficiency has made it difficult to evaluate indications for operation or the results of operative repair. Moiré pho...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-3468(81)80694-x
更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an attempt to investigate the causes of common bile duct dilatation (CBDD), activity of the pancreatic enzymes in bile aspirated from the dilated duct during laparotomy was measured in 24 children with CBDD. The reasoning behind this is the fact that the existence of activated pancreatic enzymes, namely raised acti...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-3468(93)90673-9
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/PURPOSE:Melanoma is rare, accounting for only 1% of all pediatric malignancies. The management of pediatric melanoma is controversial but largely parallels that of an adult occurrence. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNBX) has become a standard of care for adults with melanoma, but the role of this procedure in...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2004.09.022
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent case of posttraumatic splenic abscess in a young man following nonoperative management of his splenic rupture is reported. With the recent trend toward nonoperative management of hemodynamically stable splenic rupture, the potential complications of splenic abscess may become more common. In view of the high ...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-3468(86)80020-3
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infants with gastroschisis (GS) commonly require total parenteral nutrition and prolonged hospitalization because of intestinal dysfunction resulting from dysmotility and/or malabsorption. To investigate prepartum small intestinal (SI) nutrient absorption in GS, a fetal rabbit model was surgically created on gestation...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-3468(94)90570-3
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For infants with omphalocele, the size of the defect and the presence of associated anomalies are well known prognostic factors. However, the prognostic importance of the respiratory status at birth has not been well defined. The authors reviewed the records of 30 infants with omphalocele (treated during a 10-year per...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-3468(96)90093-7
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following pancreatic trauma, loss of uninjured parenchyma as a result of surgical management is expected, and atrophy of parenchyma following nonoperative management has been described. While endocrine insufficiency as a sequela of pancreatic trauma has been reported in adults, it is not a described entity in children...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.11.030
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is extremely rare in children. Only several pediatric cases have been reported, and all presented with neurologic symptoms. The authors report on a 6-year-old boy with an asymptomatic left subclavian artery aneurysm caused by compression of the subclavian artery by an anomalous first rib...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/jpsu.2002.34483
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is an important adjunct in the management of the severely injured child with major head trauma. From a series of 18 patients with multiple trauma, smoke inhalation, and near-drowning, we report an illustrative case of head injury and pulmonary aspiration in which ICP monitoring w...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-3468(80)80769-x
更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/PURPOSE:There have been few studies documenting the effect of subspecialty training on outcomes after appendectomy in children. Some studies have suggested a better outcome in patients managed by pediatric surgeons as compared with general surgeons. METHODS:We studied the effect of subspecialty training on ...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2006.09.044
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Herein, we describe a male infant with an antenatally diagnosed single umbilical artery and extensive varicosities of the umbilical vein with tumor-like appearances. Consumption coagulopathy occurred postnatally, and surgical resection of the umbilical cord led to a normalization of the platelet count. ...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.06.018
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/PURPOSE:Nitric oxide (NO) is a known selective dilator of the pulmonary vascular tree. There also is evidence that it plays a role in diminishing neutrophil adherence to vascular endothelial cells. An understanding of these effects of NO on the pulmonary microcirculation is essential to our understanding of ...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2003.09.003
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 2015, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission called for health care institutions to address structural barriers that affect Indigenous families seeking health care in Canada. Pediatric care centers in Canada have failed to adequately address these, resulting in continued negative and life-threatening impacts on In...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.01.029
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abnormalities of the pulmonary vasculature are well documented in cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an angiogenic factor, is a recently described endothelial cell-specific growth factor. Myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms such as SMemb, SM1 and SM2 are important ...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-3468(97)90588-1
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/PURPOSE:Thoracoscopic repair has recently been attempted in newborns with esophageal atresia (EA), but it remains unclear whether thoracoscopic dissection reduces pathological gastroesophageal reflux. We investigated the influence of a thoracoscopic approach on esophageal motor function in patients with EA. ...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2009.07.049
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The aim the study was to review our experience and determine the effectiveness of peritoneovenous shunts in the management of persistent ascites. METHODS:A retrospective review of all patients who had a peritoneovenous shunt inserted for persistent ascites in our institution over 32 years (1977-2010) was performed...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.11.006
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Many options exist in the surgical management of Hirschsprung's disease (HD). To gain insight into contemporary management, we queried pediatric surgeons listed in the American Pediatric Surgical Association Directory on their management for the typical baby with HD. METHODS:Surveys were sent electronically...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2009.02.050
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/PURPOSE:The formation of congenital chordee penis in patients with or without hypospadias is multifactorial and not completely clear. In most cases, after release of all known causes of chordee, "residual" penile curvature can persist. The authors discuss the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of congenital chordee...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/jpsu.2002.35006
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intravenous fish oil (FO) has changed the management of intestinal failure associated liver disease (IFALD). This report describes two IFALD patients who received FO for 5 and 10 months, respectively and reports on their 3-year follow-up. ...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.10.044
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/PURPOSE:The reported incidence of acute chest syndrome (ACS) in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) is 15% to 20%. Our current objective was to assess risk factors and morbidity associated with ACS. METHODS:The authors reviewed the outcome of children with SCD undergoing abdominal surgery over a 10-year...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2004.02.027
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:This study aims to identify new genes not described previously that may be relevant in the etiology or pathophysiology of patients with Hirschsprung disease (HD). This was done by identifying differences in gene expression between normal and abnormal segments of bowel in HD patients compared with controls. METHODS...
journal_title：Journal of pediatric surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.11.017
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
