Abstract:
:Although glucocorticoids and cyclosporine are frequently used to treat patients with various types of glomerulopathy, clinical responses to treatment vary considerably. Considerable interindividual heterogeneity in the suppressive effects of glucocorticoids on lymphocyte proliferation in vitro has been previously reported, suggesting that differences in the pharmacodynamic responsiveness of the immune system to these agents might be an important determinant of how well an individual patient responds to treatment. It also has been shown that methylprednisolone is significantly more suppressive than prednisolone. To identify cellular mechanisms by which these drugs act, a study of the suppressive effects of prednisolone, methylprednisolone, and cyclosporine on lymphocyte proliferation and the expression of the cell surface receptor for interleukin-2 (IL-2R) was conducted using phytohemagglutin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 13 patients with glomerulopathy and 12 control subjects. Heterogeneity among individuals in both parameters of lymphocyte responsiveness to these drugs was again found, and the significantly greater suppressive effect of methylprednisolone was confirmed for both proliferation and IL-2R expression in patients and control subjects. Cyclosporine alone was moderately suppressive. For most individuals, the greatest degree of suppression occurred when cells were exposed to both cyclosporine and glucocorticoid. Further studies are being conducted to determine whether pretreatment assessment of in vitro lymphocyte responsiveness has any predictive value regarding therapeutic efficacy of each drug in individual patients and to identify of those patients likely to require a more intensive or multidrug immunosuppressive regimen.
journal_name
J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Briggs WA,Gao ZH,Xing JJ,Gimenez LF,Samaniego MD,Scheel PJ,Choi MJ,Burdick JFdoi
10.1002/j.1552-4604.1996.tb04760.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-10-01 00:00:00pages
931-7issue
10eissn
0091-2700issn
1552-4604journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Although there are many reports of the short-term effectiveness of antiarrhythmic drugs for suppression of ventricular ectopic depolarizations, there are less data available on the long-term use of these drugs. We treated 122 patients for up to 2 years with antiarrhythmic drugs for suppression of frequent ventricular ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1990.tb03466.x
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abstract::Standard of care for ulcerative colitis involves long-term pharmacotherapy or colectomy. Approximately 20% to 30% of patients eventually require a colectomy because patients either do not respond or cannot tolerate the currently available pharmacotherapies. Advances in our knowledge of the pathophysiology of ulcerativ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0091270007301623
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, an attempt was made to evaluate butaclamol in chronic schizophrenic patients using chlorpromazine (CPZ) as the standard comparative drug. With doses up to 50 mg/day, butaclamol was shown to have significant antipsychotic activity comparable to CPZ but with a much higher inc...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Raltegravir is a novel HIV-1 integrase inhibitor with potent in vitro activity (95% inhibitory concentration = 33 nM in 50% human serum). In vitro characterization of raltegravir inhibition potential was assessed against a panel of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. An open-label, 2-period study was conducted to assess th...
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abstract::The hydrochlorothiazide component of Maxzide (Lederle Laboratories, Pearl River, NY) has been shown to be more bioavailable than the hydrochlorothiazide component of Dyazide (Smith, Kline and French Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA). The authors compared the antihypertensive effectiveness of a half-tablet of Maxzide (25...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately equianalgesic oral doses of codeine, an oxycodone compound resembling Percodan, and pentazocine were compared for adverse effects in a double-blind, randomized study of four doses of each drug given over two days to 247 postsurgical patients with pain. Placebo and parenteral morphine were also treated as...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1975.tb01465.x
更新日期:1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fosamprenavir (FPV) is the phosphate ester prodrug of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor amprenavir (APV). A pediatric population pharmacokinetic model for APV was developed and simulation was used to identify dosing regimens for pediatric patients receiving FPV in combination with ritonavir (RTV) which resulted in concentr...
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb01727.x
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The safety and efficacy of intravenous (i.v.) torsemide as adjunctive therapy for acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema was evaluated. Thirteen patients were treated with i.v. torsemide and six patients, with i.v. furosemide, as a positive control. Doses of torsemide, 20 mg or 40 mg, and furosemide, 40 mg or 80 mg, were a...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::As documented in national surveys, for the past several years, marijuana has been the most commonly abused drug in the United States, with approximately 6% of the population 12 years and older having used the drug in the month prior to interview. The use of marijuana is not without significant health hazards. Marijuan...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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abstract::The differential diagnosis of idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is difficult because symptoms are seldom pathognomonic. The authors compared the performance of two new diagnostic aids in the differential diagnosis of 27 cases of skin reactions associated with sulfonamide therapy. One test, the Bayesian Adver...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Propiverine extended release is expected to be better tolerated compared to immediate release tablets because of slower drug release and reduced formation of active metabolites in the colon. CYP3A4 and ABCC2, the major variables in pharmacokinetics of propiverine, are less expressed in the colon. Therefore, dispositio...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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abstract::The objectives of the 3 phase I studies described herein were (1) to compare the pharmacokinetics of gabapentin delivered from a novel gastric-retentive dosage form vs an immediate-release formulation, (2) to assess the dose proportionality of the gastric-retentive extended-release formulation, and (3) to determine th...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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abstract::Antibacterial drugs are among the most common medications used by pregnant women. While medical literature generally defines nitrofurantoin as an antibiotic that is safe for use during the first trimester of pregnancy, new concerns about a possible association between congenital malformations following exposure to nit...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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abstract::In 14 patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) of various grade (NYHA class 2-4) the effects of zofenopril calcium (SQ 26,991) on blood pressure and forearm circulation were studied by venous occlusion plethysmography. Changes in plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone, Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and arginin...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00