Abstract:
:This report briefly discusses some aspects of autonomic cardiovascular dysfunction as related to changes in orthostatic function in patients, bed rest subjects, and astronauts. This relationship is described in normal individuals to provide the basis for discussion of parameters that may be altered in patients, bed rest subjects, and astronauts. The relationships between disease states, age, periods of weightlessness during space flight, and autonomic dysfunction, and their contribution to changes in orthostatic tolerance are presented. The physiologic effects of lower body negative pressure are illustrated by presenting data obtained in bed rest subjects and in astronauts. Finally, the usefulness of lower body negative pressure to counter symptoms of orthostatic intolerance in patients, bed rest subjects, and astronauts is discussed.
journal_name
J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Lathers CM,Charles JBdoi
10.1002/j.1552-4604.1993.tb01944.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-11-01 00:00:00pages
1071-85issue
11eissn
0091-2700issn
1552-4604journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The bioavailability and pharmacologic activity of tablets containing micronized spironolactone chemical (median particle size 2.21 micrometers) were compared to those of tablets made from standard spironolactone chemical (median particle size 78.8 micrometers) in healthy men. Apart from particle size, all features of ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1982.tb02694.x
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has affected a great number of pregnant women worldwide. Artemisia extracts have been found to exhibit a potent antidiabetic effect in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We aimed to examine the effects of Artemisia extract on insulin resistance and lipid profiles in pregnant...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/jcph.755
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of clinical pharmacology studies was performed to screen for possible pharmacokinetic/dynamic contributions to drug interactions reported in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving cyclosporine and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). No clinically relevant pharmacokinetic changes in any of the drugs...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1997.tb04311.x
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the efficacy and time-dependent effects of once-daily moexipril, a nonsulfhydryl ester prodrug of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, moexiprilat, we conducted a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 51 hypertensive patients using both clinic and ambulatory blood pressure (BP)...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04052.x
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We aim to evaluate the influence of covariates, including cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) genetic polymorphisms, on the pharmacokinetics of midazolam (MDZ) in Asian cancer patients, using a population pharmacokinetic approach. Pharmacokinetic data were obtained from 24 adult cancer patients who received an intravenous bolu...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.230
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cholestyramine is a nonabsorbable anion exchange resin that is used predominantly for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in adults and the management of acute diarrhea in children. The authors report two cases of severe hyperchloremic nonanion gap metabolic acidosis associated with the use of cholestyramine therapy...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/009127009203200608
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relationships between tocilizumab exposure and response were evaluated using data from 4 phase III studies. Increased tocilizumab exposure was associated with improvements in Disease Activity Score using 28 joints (DAS28) and American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and with a decrease in inflammation markers. ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0091270012437585
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nintedanib, a triple angiokinase inhibitor, has undergone clinical investigation for the treatment of solid tumors and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Nintedanib (Vargatef® ) plus docetaxel is approved in the EU for the treatment of patients with adenocarcinoma non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after first-line chemot...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.752
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical pharmacist is an integral member of the Docent team at the University of Missouri--Kansas City School of Medicine with duties in both teaching and patient care. These doctoral-level clinical pharmacists have sole responsibility for providing instruction in basic pharmacology and pharmacokinetics and for t...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb05700.x
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the relationship, precision, and bias of a propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) system during prolonged infusion in neurosurgical patients. We retrospectively included patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective neurosurgical removal of brain tumors and postoperative...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1060
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quinapril, a nonsulfhydryl ACE inhibitor, was evaluated in ten New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class (FC) II-III CHF patients to determine its effects on regional blood flow [effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), renal blood flow (RBF), renal vascular resistance (RVR), hepatic blood flow (HBF), hepatic vasc...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1992.tb03791.x
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The availability of poisoning information from the pharmaceutical industry was evaluated. Manufacturers of the top 50 drugs were surveyed. Information that was received was classified by established criteria for evaluation. Compendia on poisoning information was evaluated based on 11 components ranging from toxicity i...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1979.tb02474.x
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 175 physicians were surveyed by questionnaire before a Clinical Pharmacology Consult Service was started. Of those that responded, 72% thought the service would be helpful, although 40% said they would use the service no more than once a month. Most physicians (75%) preferred self-initiated consultations to...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb03096.x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is an inherited metabolic bone disease with abnormally elevated serum FGF23 resulting in low renal maximum threshold for phosphate reabsorption, low serum phosphate (Pi) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels with subsequent development of short stature and skeletal deformities. KRN23 is a ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.611
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isosorbide dinitrate is one of the most commonly prescribed medications for the treatment of ischemic heart disease. It has been demonstrated to be ineffective relative to placebo when taken inappropriately. This study objectively documents the magnitude and nature of compliance in 68 ambulatory patients who were pres...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1996.tb04222.x
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of ATR-107, a fully human monoclonal anti-IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) antibody, administered as ascending single doses, subcutaneously or intravenously, was evaluated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in healthy subjects. The dose levels were...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1002/jcph.158
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between indenolol (an investigational agent) plasma levels and the drug's effect on blood pressure and heart rate was investigated after single and repeated once daily administration at two dosage levels (60 mg and 120 mg) in two different groups of patients with first or second stage hypertension, ac...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1985.tb02851.x
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eleven subjects completed a clinical trial to determine the safety/tolerability of freeze-dried black raspberries (BRB) and to measure, in plasma and urine, specific anthocyanins-cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-sambubioside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, and cyanidin-3-xylosylrutinoside, as well as ellagic acid. Subjects we...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0091270005279636
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple oral dose escalation study was conducted to investigate the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of entecavir in healthy subjects. Eight subjects were assigned to each of the 3 dose panels (0.1 mg, 0.5 mg, and 1 mg or matched placebo once daily for 14 days). Blood and...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0091270006293304
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral contraceptives (OCs) are the most widely used form of birth control among women of childbearing potential. Knowledge of potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with OCs becomes imperative to provide information on the medication to women of childbearing potential and enable their inclusion in clinical trials, esp...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1765
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meptazinol, m-(3-ethyl-1-methyl-hexahydro-1-H-azepin-3-yl) phenol hydrochloride is a centrally active opioid analgesic with a specificity for the mu-1 receptor. It has been reported to lack many of the side effects commonly observed with morphine and morphinelike drugs in man. The objective of this study was to assess...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1989.tb03272.x
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine patients 55 to 74 years old with Parkinson's disease were tested before and after treatment with 50 to 225 mg dimepramine fumarate (CIBA G-31406) for about three weeks daily in order to determine the drug's effects on electrodermal responsiveness to a series of unpredictably occurring loud sounds. Twelve control ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1979.tb01625.x
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacological target-mediated drug disposition (TMDD) represents a special source of nonlinear pharmacokinetics, and its occurrence in large-molecule compounds has been well recognized because numerous protein drugs have been reported to have TMDD due to specific binding to their pharmacological targets. Although TM...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1763
更新日期:2020-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::Four protease inhibitor antiviral agents (ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, saquinavir) were evaluated as in vitro inhibitors of the activity of six human cytochromes using an in vitro model based on human liver microsomes. Ritonavir was a highly potent inhibitor of P450-3A activity (triazolam hydroxylation), having i...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1998.tb04398.x
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disorder characterized by degeneration of the upper and lower motor neuron. Among the at least 25 known genes associated with familial (hereditary) and sporadic ALS, mutations in fused-in-sarcoma (FUS) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) have been extensively investigated i...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1437
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this open-label, parallel-group study was to investigate the effect of severe renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics (PK), tolerability, and safety of clazosentan, an intravenous endothelin receptor antagonist. Clazosentan was administered as a continuous intravenous infusion of 1 mg/h for a period of...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0091270010368975
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six obese (mean weight 92 kg) and five normal (60 kg) subjects received 2 mg diazepam nightly for 30 nights. Determination of diazepam and desmethyldiazepam plasma concentrations during the dosing period and for a withdrawal period indicated that accumulation half-life for both diazepam (7.8 days in obese vs. 3.1 days...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1983.tb02750.x
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of a eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) in alleviating the pain associated with subcutaneous needle insertion for infusion of the iron-chelating agent, deferoxamine, was examined in 12 patients with homozygous beta-thalassemia. As reported by the patient using a 100-mm visual analogue scale, the...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04062.x
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because of the key role blood viscosity plays in the regulation of blood pressure (BP) and the hemorheological effects of pentoxifylline (PTX), this study was conducted to evaluate whether PTX can reduce BP when added to captopril in patients with stage 1 hypertension. In this randomized clinical trial 62 patients wit...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1516
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical investigations using isoform-selective probes to phenotype cytochrome P450 activity and interaction studies using isoform-selective inhibitors to determine P450 involvement in drug metabolism assume minimal interday variability in P450 activity. CYP3A4 is the most abundant human P450 isoform and metabolizes a...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00912709922008290
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00