当前位置： SCI文献检索 > ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY期刊下所有文献 > Effects of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides on acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase activities of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor.

Effects of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides on acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase activities of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor.

Abstract：

:A toxicity test for organophosphates (OP) and carbamates (C) was improved with the adult ragworm Nereis diversicolor. Animals were maintained in U-shaped glass tubes of 4-mm inner diameter fixed vertically on a plastic plate and placed in glass aquaria. Each tank was covered with glass in order to reduce evaporation and heat dissipation. Temperature varied between 15 and 16 degrees C and salinity was constant (34 per thousand) during the entire length of the experiment. Experiments were performed with a fixed day length of 12 h and seawater was gently aerated. The maintenance system allowed the administration of OP and C compounds via the seawater. An acclimatization period of 48 h was not sufficient to accomodate worms to their artificial burrows; accordingly, we chose to acclimate worms for a week before beginning the exposure. Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity was very low and was not significantly modified by two OP compounds: malathion and parathion-ethyl. ChAT is not a target for these pesticides and should not be used for future studies about OP and C toxicity. On the other hand, inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were determined at concentrations of 10(-6) M for three OP compounds-malathion, parathion-ethyl, and phosalone-and a carbamate pesticide-carbaryl. We measured only short-term effects and no cumulative effect was determined, the maximum percentage of AChE activity inhibition being between 2 (carbaryl) and 7 (OP compounds) days after exposure and then remaining stable. Mortality occured only after a period of intoxication of 14 days. N diversicolor, which can be easily maintained at the laboratory, seems to be a good candidate for future laboratory studies to test the toxicity of other pollutants.

journal_name

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

journal_title

Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors

Scaps P,Demuynck S,Descamps M,Dhainaut A

doi

10.1007/s002449900244

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1997-08-01 00:00:00

pages

203-8

issue

eissn

0090-4341

issn

1432-0703

journal_volume

pub_type

杂志文章

在线工具

Effects of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides on acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase activities of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor.