Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:To determine the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr) and establish the possible association of these heavy metals with some sociodemographic factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS:A representative sample of one hundred dental students from the National Autonomous University of Mexico living in Mexico City participated in this study. Unstimulated human whole saliva samples were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. RESULTS:Concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cr were higher than those reported elsewhere: Pb (X = 3.10 micrograms/dL-1; Maximum: 16.8 micrograms/dL-1 and Minimum: 0.04 microgram/dL-1), Cd (X = 0.25 microgram/dL-1; Maximum: 2.04 micrograms/dL-1 and Minimum: 0.004 microgram/dL-1) and Cr (X = 1.43 micrograms/dL-1; Maximum: 4.82 micrograms/dL-1 and Minimum: 0.05 microgram/dL-1). No association was found between the variables studied (age, sex, geographic area and canned food consumption) with Pb and Cr. However, an inverse association was found between Cd and age (Chi 2 = 5.9012, p < or = 0.05); (gamma = -0.5224, p < or = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Salivary monitoring can be used for detection of environmental pollutants (atmospheric or occupational), in addition for detection of drugs, and local and systemic diseases. Heavy metal pollution continues to be a public health problem, and therefore the government should form a program for eliminating pollutants from the environment. Likewise, other studies should be carried out to verify the association between variables such as sex, age, use of glazed ceramics, nutrition, and home address with the concentrations of heavy metals in saliva.
journal_name
Salud Publica Mexjournal_title
Salud publica de Mexicoauthors
González M,Banderas JA,Raya C,Báez A,Belmont Rsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-05-01 00:00:00pages
179-86issue
3eissn
0036-3634issn
1606-7916journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:To provide an assessment of the contours of the injury field today and to raise questions about our future direction. MATERIAL AND METHODS:We classified the self-reported activities of injury centers, assessed trends in injury-related publications in peer review journals, and compared data on current funding...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1590/s0036-36342008000700015
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Analyze barriers and facilitators of access to prenatal care in pregnant urban adolescents between 15-19 years of age in Santiago, Chile. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Qualitative study based on grounded theory with 17 adolescent mothers. Eleven semi-structured interviews and one focus group were conducted. RESULT:...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of AIDS in Mexico and the frequency of sexually transmitted risks was analyzed in relation to the socioeconomic strata of the patients. The study was based on the obligatory notifications of AIDS received by the Ministry of Health between 1982 and september of 1988. The findings show that AIDS is accumu...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify a valid cutoff point associated with Center for Epidemiologic Studies, Depression Scale (CES-D) of seven items, which allows the classification of older adults according to presence/absence of clinically significant depressive symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Screening study with 229 older adults ...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To carry out estimations of the burden of disease for 129 causes in order to identify health priorities in the different geographic regions of the country and to present comparative data between 1995 and 2000. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Indicators such as disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and disability adjus...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1590/s0036-36342007000200009
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over 85,000 hectares in the Mezquital Valley of central Mexico are irrigated with wastewater. The main crops are fodder and cereal crops. A two cross-sectional survey was carried out to test the impact of exposure to raw wastewater and from storage of that wastewater in reservoirs. The main outcomes were diarrhoeal di...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determinate the prevalence of hearing loss (HL) and visual impairment (VI) among adult population from Tlaxcala, Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A populationbased cross-sectional study comprising persons 50 years and older was conducted in 2013. Self-reported HL was measured using the Hearing Impairment Inv...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.21149/10086
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This research analyzes the direct and indirect relationships among family functioning, multidimensional self-esteem (family, academic, social, and physical self-esteem) and substance use. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The study participants were composed of two independent samples of Spanish adolescents who provided...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1590/s0036-36342007000100002
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the economic impact of a 100% smoke-free law on bars and restaurants in an Argentinean province. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We conducted a time series analysis of restaurant and bar revenues in the province of Santa Fe 31 months before and 29 months after the implementation of the 100% smoke-free envir...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1590/s0036-36342012000300004
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical behavior of dengue fever in Mexico has changed, now with the occurrence of hemorrhagic cases. In response to the emergence of such cases, a specific epidemiologic surveillance system has been designed and implemented. This system includes the means to monitor the factors involved in the evolution of the d...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The profile of type-II non-insulin dependent diabetic patients is characterized by overweight; exogenous obesity originates from inadequate nourishment habits and, among other things, educational, cultural, and psychological conditions. With regard to metabolic deficiency control, the explanation is centered fundament...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article discusses recent evidence pointing to an infectious etiology of premature rupture of the membranes and preterm labor. We conclude that antepartum infection is strongly related to preterm labor, premature rupture of the membranes and perinatal morbidity and mortality. ...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe spirometric function and adjustment to foreign prediction equations in Mexican workers claiming work related disability. MATERIAL AND METHODS:We reviewed 5771 spirometries done at the Mexican National Institute of Respiratory Diseases performed with equipment and methods proposed by the American ...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the exposure to lead in children living in various types of contaminated sites. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The study was conducted from June 2008 to December 2009 at four sites in Mexico: Avalos metallurgical, Chihuahua; Morales metallurgical, San Luis Potosí (SLP); Trinidad pottery area, Tlaxcala and C...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1590/s0036-36342012000400008
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aims to describe the ways in which Mexican adolescents and adults with intellectual disability exercise autonomy. Two focus groups were carried out with family members who are the legal guardians of people with intellectual disability who have received independent living training at the Center for Integral ...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1590/s0036-36342008000800015
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe the Strategy Results Cycle (SRC), a model that approaches planning as an ongoing cycle of seven phases that continually responds and adapts to existing evidence. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Reliable sources were used for the preparation of databases and expenditure-costing data for resources needs anal...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper presents some ideas on the relation between personal income and the quantity and quality of education and health. It is suggested that the high degree of inequality in income in Mexico could be attributed to ancestral differences in educative and health care opportunities. In the short run, the desirable de...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The Mesoamerican Public Health Institute (IMSP) was constituted in 2009 as the technical organ of the Mesoamerican Public Health System (SMSP) and the Virtual Network of Academic Institutions. Health system capacity strengthening needs and preliminary training results were assessed in the first phase. MATERI...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1590/s0036-36342011000900009
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the genetic variability of domain III of envelope (E) protein and to estimate phylogenetic relationships of dengue 4 (Den-4) viruses isolated in Mexico and from other endemic areas of the world. MATERIAL AND METHODS:A phylogenetic study of domain III of envelope (E) protein of Den-4 viruses was c...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1590/s0036-36342002000300006
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe the epidemiologic pattern of acute pesticide poisoning (APP) in a general hospital in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHODS:From 1994 to 1998, 33 patients 13 years of age or older with diagnosis of APP were studied. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze information. RESULTS:Males w...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To analyze the trend in prostate cancer survival, incidence and mortality rates in Cali, Colombia from 1962 to 2011. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Based on the Cancer Registry of Cali, Colombia and the mortality registry of the City's Public Health Secretary, incidence, mortality age-standardized rates and relative ...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To prove the benefit of an educational intervention for controlling LDL cholesterol levels in LDL cholesterol. MATERIAL AND METHODS:A quasi-experimental study was conducted; diabetic patients were randomly allocated to an experimental and a control group. The experimental group consisted of 25 patients and t...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This is an update of knowledge on the role of the vitamin A status in determining child mortality, morbidity and growth. Recent information confirms the earlier conclusion of Beaton et al. that a 23% reduction in young child mortality results following improvements in the vitamin A status. Studies show that the mortal...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1590/s0036-36341998000200011
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify the maternal, work, and health services factors associated with a short duration of breast-feeding in working mothers. MATERIAL AND METHODS:A cross-sectional study was carried out between November 1998 and March 1999, among 265 mothers medically insured by (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, I...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe and explore the meanings of sexual practices among female sex workers (FSW) in Mexico City. MATERIAL AND METHODS:A qualitative and quantitative study was carried out. The qualitative approach was conducted in 1992 and the latter from 1991 to 1992. The study population was a representative sample ...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To better understand the health profiles of people with intellectual disability (ID), focusing on the variables that are associated with a poorer health status. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Data were collected from the Survey on Disability, Personal Autonomy and Dependency (EDAD 2008) of the Spanish National Statis...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.21149/8199
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the factors associated with open communication between mental health professionals and parents of patients with intellectual disabilities and other neurodevelopmental disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Cross-sectional survey in 759 mental health professionals. The association between the pattern of...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.21149/11062
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Takemi Program in International Health was established at the Harvard School of Public Health in 1983 as a research and advanced training program for midcareer health professionals concerned with the allocation of resources for health, especially in developing countries. This essay describes the origins of the Tak...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper presents theoretical reflections on health promotion in the Brazilian public health context. Some characteristics and problems of the international debate are highlighted, but our focus is the position of health promotion as it is discussed in the Brazilian health system. We follow the foucauldian perspecti...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.21149/spm.v55i4.7228
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tobacco epidemic is a huge public health problem affecting all Latin American countries. These countries have the characteristic of a wide base of the pyramidal population structure, with many young people who have been natural targets for the tobacco industry. Therefore in this region there is an urgent need to e...
journal_title：Salud publica de Mexico
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1590/s0036-36342010000800025
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
