Brief communication: new Y-chromosome binary markers improve phylogenetic resolution within haplogroup R1a1.

abstract：:Recent biomechanical analyses examining the feeding adaptations of early hominins have yielded results consistent with the hypothesis that hard foods exerted a selection pressure that influenced the evolution of australopith morphology. However, this hypothesis appears inconsistent with recent reconstructions of early...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Strait DS,Constantino P,Lucas PW,Richmond BG,Spencer MA,Dechow PC,Ross CF,Grosse IR,Wright BW,Wood BA,Weber GW,Wang Q,Byron C,Slice DE,Chalk J,Smith AL,Smith LC,Wood S,Berthaume M,Benazzi S,Dzialo C,Tamvada K,

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How do arm-swinging apes locomote effectively over a variety of speeds? One way to reduce the metabolic energy cost of locomotion is to transfer energy between reversible mechanical modes. In terrestrial animals, at least two transfer mechanisms have been identified: 1) a pendulum-like mechanism for walking, with exch...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Bertram JE,Chang YH

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dentitions of 208 prehistoric skeletal specimens from five geographic regions of Oregon were studied to describe their dental status. Comparisons were made of the incidence of specific pathologies among regions and between jaws. Maxillary premortem tooth losses were significantly higher than mandibular tooth loss. A r...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Hall RL,Morrow R,Clarke JH

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method for estimating the general rate of nonpaternity in a population was validated using phenotype data on seven blood groups (A1A2BO, MNSs, Rh, Duffy, Lutheran, Kidd, and P) on 396 mother, child, and legal father trios from Nuevo León, Mexico. In all, 32 legal fathers were excluded as the possible father based on...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Cerda-Flores RM,Barton SA,Marty-Gonzalez LF,Rivas F,Chakraborty R

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Paranthropus is distinctive among hominoids in its possession of a greatly thickened hard palate. Although traditionally considered a structural adaptation to counter high-magnitude masticatory stress, alternative developmental models are equally viable. Three models of palatal thickening were evaluated in this study....

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： McCollum MA

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unbiased selection of regions of interest (ROIs) and unbiased definition of histological structures are needed to improve the repeatability of microscopic methods for age at death determination and to reduce operator subjectivity. We present results obtained by selecting ROIs according to stereological principles on a...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Villa C,Lynnerup N

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A brief description of the exposed middle ear from two Swartkrans specimens demonstrates the feasibility of examining the inner auditory structures of existing fossil hominid material. These Swartkrans fossils provide the first clear view of the early hominid middle ear, and their structures appear to be morphological...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rak Y,Clarke RJ

更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:New data were obtained on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from Guahibo from Venezuela, a group so far not studied using molecular data. A population sample (n = 59) was analyzed for mtDNA variation in two control-region hypervariable segments (HV1 and HV2) by sequencing. The presence or absence of a 9-bp polymorphism in the...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Vona G,Falchi A,Moral P,Calò CM,Varesi L

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study analyzed skeletal health disparities among African American and Euro-American males of low socioeconomic status born between 1825 and 1877. A total of 651 skeletons from the Cobb, Hamann-Todd, and Terry anatomical collections were macroscopically examined for skeletal pathologies related to dietary deficien...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： de la Cova C

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The height records of 48,589 conscripts born in Jujuy between 1870 and 1960 were examined in order to study the variation in adult male height (AMH) in terms of geographical altitude and surnames. Data were clustered by origin of surnames (divided into native and foreign names), decades, and according to the four Juje...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Bejarano IF,Dipierri JE,Andrade A,Alfaro EL

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:If predictable, ecogeographic patterning in body size and proportions of human populations can provide valuable information regarding human biology, adaptation to local environments, migration histories, and health, now and in the past. This paper evaluates the assumption that small-bodied Later Stone Age (LSA) forage...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kurki HK,Ginter JK,Stock JT,Pfeiffer S

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Fontéchevade pi calotte is analyzed by principal coordinates on the basis of 12 measurements. It most closely resembles Classic Neandertals and the Steinheim cranium in shape, showing no special similarity to modern man. ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Corruccini RS

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent molecular and morphological surveys suggest that mangabeys do not represent a monophyletic group. Specifically, Cercocebus is the sister taxon of Mandrillus, whereas Lophocebus forms an unresolved trichotomy with Papio and Theropithecus. The Cercocebus-Mandrillus clade is characterized by skeletal and dental ad...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Daegling DJ,McGraw WS

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many studies involve comparison of measures of sexual dimorphism between two samples. This comparison is used to test a variety of hypotheses, such as changing environmental conditions. Methods for testing the significance of the difference between two populations tend to be complex, and/or require access to complete ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Relethford JH,Hodges DC

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article presents the results of a study of infant diet at two Iron Age sites on the island of Öland, Sweden. The cemetery at Bjärby contained a large number of subadults who had survived the earliest years of life, whereas most individuals at Triberga had died by 6 months of age. To investigate whether difference...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Howcroft R,Eriksson G,Lidén K

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Factors involved in the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the largely Melanesian population (N = 909) of Graciosa Bay, Ndeni, are examined. Based upon cultural information from Ndeni and ways in which HBV is spread in other populations, certain practices and interactions, predicted as effective routes of HBV infect...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Langendorfer A,Davenport W,London WT,Blumberg BS,Mazzur S

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This cross-sectional study investigates metabolic bone disease and the relationship between age and bone mineral density (BMD) in males and females of a large, well-documented skeletal population of free-ranging rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), from the Caribbean Primate Research Center Museum collection from Cayo San...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Cerroni AM,Tomlinson GA,Turnquist JE,Grynpas MD

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metric and morphological characterizations of the permanent teeth from a total of 155 prehistoric Amerindians are presented. The individuals represent samples from three Ohio Valley burial complexes (considered together as the Late Diffuse group): Glacial Kame, Adena and Ohio Hopewell. Metric data include common measu...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Sciulli PW

更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study is to present the characteristics of a collection of identified infants and young children housed in the Laboratory of Anthropology of the University of Granada, Spain. The sample, which is still being enlarged, is currently composed of 230 complete skeletons aged from 5 months of gestation...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Alemán I,Irurita J,Valencia AR,Martínez A,López-Lázaro S,Viciano J,Botella MC

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The Taung hominin fossil was recovered in 1924 during quarry operations in the tufa formations of the Buxton Limeworks. Reconstructions of the depositional environment of the juvenile Australopithecus skull have concentrated on the types of caves that form within the tufa. Hopley et al. (Am J Phys Anthropol ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： McKee JK

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to identify the presence of degenerative spondylolisthesis in adult Native American skeletons recovered from prehistoric and historic Pueblo sites in New Mexico. The vertebral columns of 491 individuals that were complete enough to allow the necessary observations produced 64 cases, wit...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Merbs CF

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the extensive electromyographic research that has addressed limb muscle function during primate quadrupedalism, the role of the back muscles in this locomotor behavior has remained undocumented. We report here the results of an electromyographic (EMG) analysis of three intrinsic back muscles (multifidus, longi...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Shapiro LJ,Jungers WL

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have demonstrated the potential application of computed tomography (CT) in research into bone density. Clinical studies of bone density using CT commonly employ a dipotassium phosphate phantom to calibrate measurements of mineral density. Designed for in vivo studies, the use of this phantom requires th...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Chen X,Lam YM

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:The transition to an agricultural economy is often presumed to involve an increase in female fertility related to changes in weaning practice. In particular, the availability of staple crops as complementary foods is hypothesized to allow earlier weaning in agricultural populations. In this study, o...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： King CL,Halcrow SE,Millard AR,Gröcke DR,Standen VG,Portilla M,Arriaza BT

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We investigated the genetic history of southern African populations with a special focus on their paternal history. We reexamined previous claims that the Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1b (E-M293) was brought to southern Africa by pastoralists from eastern Africa, and investigated patterns of sex-biased gene fl...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Bajić V,Barbieri C,Hübner A,Güldemann T,Naumann C,Gerlach L,Berthold F,Nakagawa H,Mpoloka SW,Roewer L,Purps J,Stoneking M,Pakendorf B

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:First ribs bear information about thorax morphology and are usually well preserved, compared to other ribs, in bone/fossil samples. Several studies have addressed ontogeny of the first rib by studying changes in bone microanatomy and rib morphology separately, but no studies have combined both approaches to ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： García-Martínez D,Gil OG,Cambra-Moo O,Canillas M,Rodríguez MA,Bastir M,Martín AG

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The growth of the maxillary complex of 36 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively during four defined stages of postnatal development (i.e., infant, juvenile, adolescent, young adult). At each stage, growth was observed during a 24 week period. Since some animals were observed dur...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： McNamara JA Jr,Riolo ML,Enlow DH

更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Uncertainties as to the nature and implications of osteoarthritis and calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) in primates were subject to critical review through examination of 153 prosimians and 1,250 Old World non-prosimian primates. Osteoarthritis, calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease, and infectious ar...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rothschild BM,Woods RJ

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genealogical and gene marker data from the closely related species Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis have been used to search for linkage between genes coding for the blood proteins albumin, carbonic anhydrase 1 and 2, diaphorase 1 and 2, group-specific component, glucose phosphate isomerase, hemoglobin alpha cha...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Ferrell RE,Majumder PP,Smith DG

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigates the nutritional status of native children in the highlands of Nepal (1,700-3,000 m) and explores the relationship between child mortality and surviving children's nutritional status. A random sample of 145 households from 11 villages in the Koshi Hill Zone in east Nepal was surveyed, and the nu...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Huijbers PM,Hendriks JL,Gerver WJ,De Jong PJ,De Meer K

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00