Abstract:
:Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), developed a century ago, is the only licensed tuberculosis (TB) vaccine in use to date. The protective efficacy of BCG against TB varies with no apparent protection in some population, and mechanisms of its immune protection is poorly known, and yet BCG is the most widely used vaccine, with more than 4 billion BCG-vaccinated children globally. BCG is probably the only licensed vaccine currently in use believed to mediate immune protection through the production of interferon (IFN)-γ by CD4 T cells, which in turn activates macrophages to kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Currently, a number of new TB candidate vaccines are in different phases of clinical trial. The majority of these new vaccines are either recombinant forms of BCG or prime boosters of BCG (rBCG) and their immunogenicity is tested using BCG as a benchmark by measuring specific IFN-γ produced by CD4(+) T cells as a protective immune marker. However, some recent studies that examined mechanisms of immune protection of BCG in animals and humans have reported a lack of correlation between IFN-γ production by CD4 cells and BCG-induced immune protection. These studies point to the fact that there is a missing link in our understanding of TB immunology. Conversely, there is emerging evidence that other T cell subsets (gammadelta, γδ), CD8(+) T cells and natural killer (NK) cells may play a vital role in immune protection against Mtb infection and BCG-induced immune protection. γδ T cells and NK cells, which were considered to be part of the innate immunity in the past, have been shown to develop immunological memory upon re-encounter with the same pathogen. In this paper, the controversy over the role of IFN-γ as a marker for protective immunity against TB, and emerging data on the role of γδ T cells, CD8(+) and NK cells in TB immunology, will be presented.
journal_name
Clin Exp Immunoljournal_title
Clinical and experimental immunologyauthors
Abebe Fdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04614.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-09-01 00:00:00pages
213-9issue
3eissn
0009-9104issn
1365-2249journal_volume
169pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::In a family with partial or total adenine phosphoribosyl transferase (APRT) deficiency, T and B cell function was evaluated by counting rosette-forming cells, by investigating lymphocyte transformation to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM), by assaying serum immunoglobulins an...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Factor H and the FHL-1/reconectin protein are two human plasma proteins that act as important regulators of the alternative complement pathway. Each protein is encoded by a unique transcript, but both mRNAs are derived from the factor H gene by means of alternative processing. In order to address potential functional ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.2000.01285.x
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinically, corticosteroids (CS) are among the first line drugs in the therapy of autoimmune and allergic diseases and potently inhibit the activation of immune cells. However, due to their pleiotropic mode of action, the prolonged use of CS is generally associated with a range of undesirable side-effects. In this stu...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.2003.02225.x
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prolonged generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome (PGL) has been considered a prodromal condition to the Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), but the clinical, virological and immunological characteristics of patients who will develop AIDS are not known. We report on the immunological profile of intravenous dru...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::C4BP has a central role in regulating the classical complement (C') pathway, but it is still uncertain whether or not it is consumed during in vivo complement activation. Attempts to demonstrate changes in C4BP plasma levels in systemic lupus erythematosus and essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia have failed, probably du...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.1999.00874.x
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present standard of care for B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma includes the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab. Although combination treatments with chemotherapy and rituximab improved the duration of remissions and overall survival in indolent B cell lymphoma, the disease is essentially incurable. Thus, new ther...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04658.x
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by clonal B cell attack of the exocrine glands and dysregulated expression of B cell-activating factor (BAFF). Based upon the current data of increased rates of lymphoid malignancy, as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is associated with SS, we propose the dete...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04144.x
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a debilitating and potentially fatal neuromuscular disease characterized by the generation of autoantibodies reactive with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChR) that cause loss of AChR from the neuromuscular endplate with resultant failure of neuromuscular transmission. A role for compleme...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03198.x
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rabbits were sensitized with Micropolyspora faeni by intratracheal inoculations and later challenged with the same antigen either with or without parenteral administration of cortisone acetate prior to challenge. Animals developed anti-M. faeni serum precipitins, M. faeni-induced alveolar macrophage migration inhibiti...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Goodpasture (GP) antigens, protein components reactive with human autoantibodies against glomerular basement membrane (GBM), were identified in human alveolar basement membrane (ABM) using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), Western blotting and immunoprecipitation. All six anti-GBM antisera studied, three obtained ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suppression of the lymphocyte response to concanavalin A (Con A), phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and protein A from Staphylococcus aureus (SpA) by Con A-induced suppressor cells was measured in twenty-four patients with recently active-recovering multiple sclerosis (MS), twelve with inactive MS and twenty-three healthy con...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antigenic diversity in field populations of Plasmodium falciparum parasites may delay the acquisition of protective immunity to malaria, the development of which may thus require repeated exposure to infection over a prolonged period of time. In this study we show that P. falciparum parasites may vary in their sensiti...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.1997.273-ce1163.x
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In stimulated cultures, a proportion of human T lymphocytes form multilayer rosettes with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and they can be easily separated from common E rosettes by velocity sedimentation. We have developed a simplified method for harvesting multilayer rosettes and quantifying them. Practical applications...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm autoantibodies (ANCA) on neutrophil activation was studied by pre-incubating neutrophils with IgG and F(ab')2 prepared from ANCA patients with Wegener's granulomatosis or microscopic polyarteritis. We measured the generation of inositol triphosphate (IP3) (a product of hydrolysi...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.1991.tb05738.x
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parasite antigens released from Trypanosoma cruzi-infected cells were adsorbed to infected and uninfected mammalian cells thus rendering them susceptible to immune lysis by antibody and cell-mediated immunity directed against the parasite. BALB/c mice infected with T. cruzi for 15 days developed cytotoxic T lymphocyte...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mixed leucocyte culture blocking factor activity (MLC-BFA) in the plasma of haemodialysis patients appears as a result of recent blood transfusions and is concentrated in IgG fractions of the blocking serum. Four patients neither developed lymphocytotoxins nor MLC-BFA in spite of having received multiple blood transfu...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell-mediated cytotoxicity was examined in thirty-seven patients with systemic sclerosis using both whole blood and purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) to measure antibody-dependent (ADCC) and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) induced lymphocyte cytotoxicity to 51Cr-labelled Chang liver cells. In twenty-three mi...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::PHA activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) were incubated with human interleukin 2 (IL-2) in the absence or in the presence of 10(-6)-10(-9) M hydrocortisone (HC). HC suppressed the proliferative response of the activated MNC to highly purified human leucocyte IL-2 in a dose dependent manner. This su...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::T helper type 1 (Th1)-type polarization plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). The differentiation of T cells into this subtype is dictated by the nature of the donor naive CD4(+) T cell-host antigen presenting cell (APC) interaction. Suppressors of cytokine signalling...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04089.x
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The search for novel chemical classes of anti-malarial compounds to cope with the current state of chemoresistance of malaria parasites has led to the identification of Plasmodium falciparum aminopeptidase 1 (PfA-M1) as a new therapeutic target. PfA-M1, known to be involved in the hemoglobin digestion cascade which he...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/cei.13425
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::F-42, an autoantibody found in the sera of some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, was isolated from sera of seven different patients. By binding of the autoantibodies to cell bound C42, the autoantibodies were purified to homogeneity and radiolabelled with 125I. Purified preparations of 125I-F-42 were bound ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complement receptor 1-related gene/protein y (Crry) is a potent murine complement regulator that inhibits C3 convertases. Transgenic mice that overexpress soluble Crry (sCrry), directed systemically by the metallothionein-I promoter, have been used as an animal model for chronic blockade of complement activation. Rece...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02450.x
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Helicobacter pylori gastritis gastric epithelium plays a central role in the innate immunity to H. pylori. However, epithelial receptors interacting with H. pylori have been poorly characterized so far. Recently a new triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) has been identified on human neutrophils...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03608.x
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Identification of autoimmune processes and introduction of new autoantigens involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) can be helpful in the design of new drugs to prevent unresponsiveness and side effects in patients. To find significant changes, we evaluated the autoantibody repertoires in newly diagnos...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cei.13087
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::During pathogenesis of diabetes, pancreatic islets are exposed to high levels of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators that induce deterioration of insulin-producing beta cells. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays a key role in the onset and development of several immunoinflammatory diseases and al...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04607.x
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allele variants in the L-carnitine (LCAR) transporters OCTN1 (SLC22A4, 1672 C --> T) and OCTN2 (SLC22A5, -207 G --> C) have been implicated in susceptibility to Crohn's disease (CD). LCAR is consumed in the diet and transported actively from the intestinal lumen via the organic cation transporter OCTN2. While recogniz...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.03879.x
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic cells (DC) are the most professional antigen-presenting cells of the immune system and are capable of initiating immune responses in vitro and in vivo. One of the great challenges in immunotherapy protocols is to introduce relevant antigens into DC for stimulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) cl...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.2003.02286.x
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immune complexes (IC) were detected and isolated from the serum of Brown Norway (BN), (Lewis x BN)F1, and Lewis rats bearing a Moloney sarcoma (MST). IC were isolated from the serum of individual rats employing a system of G-200 chromatography and passage through a heavy chain specific anti-rat IgG Immunoadsorbent. Ig...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eosinophils contribute to the pathogenesis of bullous pemphigoid (BP) by secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and proteases. Trafficking of eosinophils into tissue in animal models and asthma depends on interleukin-5 and a family of chemokines named eotaxins, comprising CCL11, CCL24 and CCL26. Up-regulation of CCL11...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04464.x
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that male mice of strains with high target organ responsiveness to androgen, the C57L/J and RF/J, have lower plasma immunoglobulin levels and weaker antibody responses to protein and polysaccharide antigens than mice of low androgen responder (LAR) strains, the A/J and 129/J. In the current...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00