Abstract：
:Work published over the past 10-15 years has caused the neuroscience community to engage in a process of constant re-evaluation of the roles of glial cells in the mammalian central nervous system. Recent emerging evidence suggests that, in addition to carrying out various homeostatic functions within the CNS, astrocytes can also engage in a two-way dialogue with neurons. Astrocytes possess many of the receptors, and some of the ion channels, present in neurons endowing them with an ability to sense and respond to an array of neuronal signals. In addition, an expanding number of small molecules and proteins have been shown to be released by astrocytes in both health and disease. In this commentary we will highlight advances in our understanding of G protein-coupled receptor signalling in astrocytes, with a particular emphasis on metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors. Discussion will focus on the major mGlu receptors expressed in astrocytes, mGlu3 and mGlu5, how these receptors can influence different aspects of astrocyte physiology, and how signalling by these G protein-coupled receptors might change under pathophysiological circumstances.
journal_name
Biochem Pharmacoljournal_title
Biochemical pharmacologyauthors
Bradley SJ,Challiss RAdoi
10.1016/j.bcp.2012.04.009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-08-01 00:00:00pages
249-59issue
3eissn
0006-2952issn
1873-2968pii
S0006-2952(12)00289-4journal_volume
84pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Hepatic microsomal preparations from male and female rats were delipidated by column chromatography following cholate solubilisation. The enzyme activities were reconstituted using known lipids and the vesicle reconstitution method. Enzyme activity was assayed using lignocaine as the substrate for the mixed function o...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(87)90071-2
更新日期：1987-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Relaxation of precontracted rabbit aortic rings in vitro by cyanamide, a clinically used alcohol deterrent drug, required catalase and H2O2, suggesting that a bioactivation mechanism was involved. Since the oxidation of cyanamide by catalase/H2O2 had been shown previously to lead to nitroxyl (HNO) generation via the i...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(94)90495-2
更新日期：1994-03-02 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of an oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in lung inflammation may activate redox-sensitive transcription factors such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and activator protein-1 (AP-1), which regulate the genes for proinflammatory mediators and protective antioxidant genes. GSH, a ubiquitous tripeptide t...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0006-2952(00)00392-0
更新日期：2000-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In advanced stages of cancer disease, caveolin-1 (CAV1) expression increases and correlates with increased migratory and invasive capacity of the respective tumor cells. Previous findings from our laboratory revealed that specific ECM-integrin interactions and tyrosine-14 phosphorylation of CAV1 are required for CAV1-...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113941
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Magnesium-pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-glutamate (MPPG) has been shown to ameliorate atherosclerotic symptoms in rabbits. In vitro, MPPG in the presence of peroxides such as cholesterolhydroperoxide or cumene hydroperoxide and Mn2+ ions produces "excited states" measurable as chemiluminescence or ethylene release from 1-ami...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(92)90442-l
更新日期：1992-08-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Paraquat and the structurally similar polyamines, such as putrescine and spermidine, are accumulated actively and selectively by the alveolar type II cells via the polyamine uptake system. We report the uptake kinetics of paraquat and putrescine and their mutual inhibition in freshly isolated rat type II cell suspensi...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(92)90364-o
更新日期：1992-09-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Nucleoside analogs used in antiviral therapies need to be phosphorylated to their tri-phospho counterparts in order to be active on their cellular target. Human phosphoglycerate kinase (hPGK) was recently reported to participate in the last step of phosphorylation of cytidine L-nucleotide derivatives [Krishnan PGE, La...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2004.06.012
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An abnormally high rate of aerobic glycolysis is characteristic of many transformed cells. Here we report the polyphenolic compound, resveratrol, inhibited phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3K) signaling and glucose metabolism, coinciding with cell-cycle arrest, in germinal center (GC)-like LY1 and LY18 human diffuse ...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2006.08.009
更新日期：2006-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A compound, YM-53792, was identified as an inhibitor of interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene promoter activity, using a Jurkat cell-based reporter system in which the luciferase gene is regulated by the IL-2 gene promoter. Production of IL-2, interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) from human peripheral blood mononuclear c...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-2952(97)00289-x
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dissociation constant (Kd) for the binding of epinephrine to beta-adrenergic receptors of the S49 cell is 2 microM, which is the ratio of the rate constants for dissociation (koff) and association (kon), Kd = koff/kon. Although the Kd is known by direct measurement, the individual rate constants kon and koff are u...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(91)90290-l
更新日期：1991-08-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of calcium in the stimulation of phosphoinositide (PIn) hydrolysis by norepinephrine and the calcium ionophore A23187 was investigated in chopped cerebral cortex in which the PIns had been labeled previously with ([3H]myo-inositol. The accumulation of the newly formed [3H]inositol phosphate ([3H]IPs) was used...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(87)90222-x
更新日期：1987-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Conjugated eicosapentaenoic acid (cEPA) selectively inhibited the activities of mammalian DNA polymerases (pols) and human DNA topoisomerases (topos) [Yonezawa Y, Tsuzuki T, Eitsuka T, Miyazawa T, Hada T, Uryu K, et al. Inhibitory effect of conjugated eicosapentaenoic acid on human DNA topoisomerases I and II. Arch Bi...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2005.05.008
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the effect of aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha and delta, on the induction of apoptosis by arabinosyl nucleosides in a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60. Pretreatment of HL-60 cells with aphidicolin (2 microM) significantly increased the number of morphologically apoptotic ...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(93)90631-6
更新日期：1993-12-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The challenges associated with developing more effective treatments for neurologic and psychiatric illness such as Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia are considerable. Both the symptoms and the pathophysiology of these conditions are complex and poorly understood and the clinical presentations across different pati...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2015.07.027
更新日期：2015-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Dicumarol is routinely added to the 3-[4,4-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to study the role of NAD(P)H:quinone oxido-reductase in drug activation and detoxification. We assessed the direct impact of dicumarol (a mitochondrial uncoupler) on the MTT assay. Mouse mammary tumor (EMT6) an...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-2952(03)00240-5
更新日期：2003-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Histrionicotoxin, a spiropiperidine alkaloid, and twenty-two analogs inhibited binding of [3H]perhydrohistrionicotoxin [( 3H]H12-HTX) and of [3H]phencyclidine [( 3H]PCP) to sites on the acetylcholine receptor-ion complex of Torpedo electroplax membranes. Structural alterations to the nitrogen (secondary amine) or oxyg...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(85)90145-5
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A homologous series of potent, long-lasting thiazolo-pyrimidone-pyridine histamine H2-antagonists were examined for their inhibitory effects on rat hepatic ethylmorphine N-demethylation. Inhibitory potency increased in the order: 2-pyridinyl less than 3-pyridinyl less than 4-pyridinyl histamine H2-antagonist. Substitu...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(87)90052-9
更新日期：1987-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The remarkable effects exhibited by classical psychedelics in recent clinical trials have spawned considerable interest in 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) activation as a treatment strategy for several psychiatric/cognitive disorders. In this study we have continued our development of 25CN-NBOH, one of the most 5-HT2AR-sele...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113979
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The molecular mechanism of cisplatin uptake remains poorly defined and impaired drug accumulation may be implicated in the acquisition of resistance to cisplatin. Thus, we used cell lines of different tumor types (ovarian carcinoma A2780 and IGROV-1, osteosarcoma U2-OS, cervix squamous cell carcinoma A431) and stable ...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2004.03.022
更新日期：2004-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) has a role as a neurotransmitter and that it participates in the control of hormone release from thyroid follicles. Many hormones and neurotransmitters alter the ionic permeability properties of the plasma membrane of their target cells when they bind ...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(87)90671-x
更新日期：1987-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Rat brain P2Y(1) (rP2Y(1)) receptor-transfected human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293) were recently shown to have enhanced reactivity to both ATP and ADP (Vöhringer C, Schäfer R, Reiser G. Biochem Pharmacol 2000;59:791-800). Here, we demonstrated the usefulness of this cell line as a system for further studying novel...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-2952(01)00593-7
更新日期：2001-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Disodium cromoglycate and compounds which elevated levels of cyclic AMP in the mast cell variously inhibited cytotoxic histamine release induced by the surface active agents melittin, Tween 20 and Triton X-100. These results are inconsistent with the postulated effects of the drugs on receptor mediated calcium channel...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(82)90109-5
更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome is a prevalent condition of the lower urinary tract that causes symptoms, such as urinary frequency, urinary urgency, urge incontinence, and nocturia, and disproportionately affects women and the elderly. Current medications for OAB merely provide symptomatic relief with considerable ...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114363
更新日期：2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract：:This study reports an investigation on the effect of the seleno-organic compound ebselen on rat liver mitochondria. We show that low concentrations of ebselen induced an increase in rat liver mitochondrial membrane permeability, resulting in swelling and loss of membrane potential. These effects were mediated by the o...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-2952(03)00114-x
更新日期：2003-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) on microtubules was studied by using microtubule protein prepared from porcine brain. DEC inhibited assembly of microtubules and disassembled preformed microtubules in vitro. When the reassembled or disassembled products were examined in the presence of DEC by electron microscopy...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(90)90199-u
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pyridine N-oxide derivatives represent a new class of anti-HIV compounds for which some members exclusively inhibit HIV-1 RT, whereas other members act, additionally or alternatively, at a post-integrational event in the replicative cycle of HIV. A prototype pyridine N-oxide derivative, JPL-32, inhibited tumor necrosi...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2005.12.025
更新日期：2006-04-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac steroids are used to treat various diseases including congestive heart failure and cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-leukemic activity of UNBS1450, a hemi-synthetic cardenolide belonging to the cardiac steroid glycoside family. Here, we report that, at low nanomolar concentrations, UNBS...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2010.08.025
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) catalyzes the deamination of methylamine and aminoacetone to produce toxic aldehydes, i.e. formaldehyde and methylglyoxal, as well as hydrogen peroxide and ammonia. An increase of SSAO activity was detected by different laboratories in patients suffering from vascular disor...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-2952(01)00524-x
更新日期：2001-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The oxidative metabolism of more than 20 drugs (e.g. sparteine, debrisoquine, dextromethorphan) is mediated by cytochrome P450IID6. Codeine O-demethylation to morphine was recently demonstrated to co-segregate with the polymorphic metabolism of debrisoquine and dextromethorphan. The female Dark-Agouti rat (DA) is an a...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(91)90077-i
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone engaging in multiple cellular signaling by stabilizing oncoproteins (e.g. Akt and c-Raf) in tumor cells. Whereas Hsp90 inhibitors such as 17-AAG exert promising antitumor effects in clinical trials, current efforts focus on developing agents targeting Hsp90 with i...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2013.02.003
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
