Abstract：
:Accurate estimates of inbreeding depression are necessary in order to predict the evolutionary dynamics of a population, but many studies estimate inbreeding depression based solely on components of female function such as fruit set, seed set, and seed quality. Because total fitness is achieved through both male and female functions in hermaphroditic plants, estimates of both male and female fitness are needed to estimate accurately the magnitude of inbreeding depression. Seedlings of a wild gourd, Cucurbita pepo subsp. texana, with coefficients of inbreeding of 0 and 0.75 were planted in an experimental garden, and several components of male and female fitness were measured over the course of the growing season. Fitness in inbred plants was confounded by both maternal and genetic inbreeding effects. Inbred individuals produced significantly fewer fruits than outcrossed individuals, and percentage germination of seeds from inbred individuals was significantly lower than seeds from outcrossed individuals. Inbred plants also produced significantly fewer staminate flowers and marginally fewer and smaller pollen grains per flower. Pollen from inbred plants also grew significantly more slowly in vitro than pollen from outcrossed plants. Multiplicative estimates of inbreeding depression revealed inbreeding depression for both male and female functions in wild gourd, but inbreeding depression through female function was stronger than inbreeding depression through male function.
journal_name
Am J Botjournal_title
American journal of botanyauthors
Hayes CN,Winsor JA,Stephenson AGdoi
10.3732/ajb.92.1.107subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-01-01 00:00:00pages
107-15issue
1eissn
0002-9122issn
1537-2197pii
92/1/107journal_volume
92pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The genus Caltha (Ranunculaceae) consists of 10 species of low-growing, perennial herbs distributed throughout the moist temperate and cold regions of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Traditionally, the species have been divided into two sections: section Psychrophila in the Southern Hemisphere with diploph...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.91.2.247
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The fossil record of Agathis historically has been restricted to Australasia. Recently described fossils from the Eocene of Patagonian Argentina showed a broader distribution than found previously, which is reinforced here with a new early Paleocene Agathis species from Patagonia. No previous phylo...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1127
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Large genera provide remarkable opportunities to investigate patterns of morphological evolution and historical biogeography in plants. A molecular phylogeny of the species-rich and morphologically and ecologically diverse genus Mimosa was generated to evaluate its infrageneric classification, reco...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1000520
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Size, allometry, and mechanical design were measured for trees of three canopy species in a tropical rain forest in French Guiana. Mechanical design was expressed as the safety factor, using the elastic-stability model, and the wind resistance factor, using the constant-stress model. Changes with ontogeny were describ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Axillary meristems play a fundamental role in inflorescence architecture. Maize (Zea mays) inflorescences are highly branched panicles because of the production of multiple types of axillary meristems. We used auxin transport inhibitors to show that auxin transport is required for axillary meristem initiation in the m...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.94.11.1745
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recruitment and mortality of Spartina alterniflora tillers and culms were estimated from measurements of live standing crops at Wallops Island, Virginia. Stands of tall and medium form grass produced from 452 to 1,227 tillers m-2 yr-1 . Those tillered in spring lengthened into culms their first year, while those tille...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1537-2197.1983.tb12430.x
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We provide an overview of research on climbing plants from Charles Darwin to the present day. Following Darwin's interests, this review will focus on functional perspectives including attachment mechanisms and stem structure and function. We draw attention to a number of unsolved problems inviting future research. The...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0900045
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evolutionary relationships among representatives of Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) subfamily Apioideae have been inferred from phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS 1 and ITS 2) and plastid rpoC1 intron sequences. High levels of nucleotide sequence variation preclude the use of the I...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pitchers of the tropical carnivorous plant Nepenthes alata are highly specialized organs for the attraction and capture of insects and absorption of nutrients from them. This study examined the structure and development of these pitchers, with particular focus on the nectaries and digestive glands. Immature pitche...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE:Adaptation to harsh edaphic substrates has repeatedly led to the evolution of edaphic specialists and generalists. Yet, it is unclear what factors promote specialization versus generalization. Here, we search for habitat use patterns associated with serpentine endemics (specialists) and serpentine tolerators (g...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1285
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A detailed study of ascomal morphology and development in Cercophora palmicola showed that ontogeny is ascohymeniaceous, giving rise to an ostiolate perithecium. Ascomal initials consist of a coiled ascogonium surrounded by several layers of hyphae whose cells become pseudoparenchymatous. The centrum of the young asco...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:A key question in evolutionary biology is why some clades are more successful by being widespread geographically, biome diverse, or species-rich. To extend understanding of how shifts in area, biomes, and pollinators impact diversification in plants, we examined the relationships of these shifts to...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1268
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nuphar comprises 13 species of aquatic perennials distributed in the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The European species N. lutea and N. pumila in Norway, the Netherlands, and Germany are pollinated by bees and flies, including apparent Nuphar specialists. This contrasts with reports of predominant beetle pollination ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bamboo is considered useful for controlling landslides, but we observed numerous shallow-slope failures in forests of big node bamboo (Phyllostachys nidularia) in Sichuan, China. Therefore, we inventoried landslide occurrence and vegetation type along one valley. To quantify bamboo root anchorage, we performed uprooti...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.94.7.1129
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE:The ecological implications of hyperaccumulation have been investigated at the organismal level, but are poorly understood at the plant community level. Questions addressed here were: Does the presence of selenium (Se) hyperaccumulators affect Se distribution and concentration in their native soil, and do hyper...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1500
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patterns of biodiversity are ultimately the product of speciation and extinction. Speciation serves as the biodiversity pump while extinction serves as the agent that culls global to local levels of biodiversity. Linking these central processes to global and local patterns of biodiversity is a key challenge in both ec...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3732/ajb.1000289
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:It has been hypothesized that two flower types permit flexible allocation of resources to female and male functions, yet empirical evidence for the sex-allocation hypothesis remains scarce in gynomonoecious species. To characterize resource allocation to pistillate and perfect flowers and allocatio...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1600397
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dispersal is an important life history component. Seed settling velocity may be a useful surrogate for the measurement of dispersal ability in wind-dispersed plants, particularly those whose seeds have plumose dispersal structures. I measured settling velocities on seeds of eight species of Asteraceae, including annua...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1537-2197.1992.tb13702.x
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inbreeding depression is a critical factor countering the evolution of inbreeding and thus potentially shaping the evolution of plant sexual systems. Current theory predicts that inbreeding depression could have important evolutionary consequences, even in haploid-dominant organisms. To date, no data have been reporte...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.94.11.1853
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many characteristics of plants and animals scale with body size as described by allometric equations of the form Y = βM(α), where Y is an attribute of the organism, β is a coefficient that varies with attribute, M is a measure of organism size, and α is another constant, the scaling exponent. In current models, the fr...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0800380
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the effects of size and spatial isolation of fens on the isozyme variability of 17 populations of Swertia perennis. This long-lived perennial is a locally abundant fen specialist in Switzerland, where wetlands have been strongly fragmented. Isozyme variability was comparable to other outcrossing plants (A ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.89.5.801
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Allometric relationships among the dimensions of leaf cells, cell walls, and tissues, and whole-leaf thickness and area are likely to have key implications for leaf construction and function, but have remained virtually untested, despite the explosion of interest in allometric analysis...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1200608
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:• Premise of the study: Carpel closure is commonly considered as a key innovation in angiosperms; however, some families continue to exhibit a variety of forms of incomplete carpel closure. The carpel of Sagittaria species contains an unusual structure. In this study, we confirm the closure type of the carpel of Sagit...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1400172
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Species of Collinsia and Tonella, the two sister genera of self-compatible annuals that constitute tribe Collinsieae, show extensive variation in floral size and morphology and in patterns of stamen and style elongation during the life of the flower (anthesis). We used a nuclear ribosomal ITS phylogeny, independent co...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.89.1.37
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The classification of the genus Salix has historically been intrinsically difficult due to its propensity toward plasticity and high variation in diagnostic morphological characters. We investigated leaf epidermal characteristics, focusing on the stomatal apparatus because it may provide critical i...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100019
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:A total of 38 polymorphic microsatellite loci of the Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana), an economically important fruit tree, were developed to evaluate genetic diversity and aid in the identification of cultivars. METHODS AND RESULTS:The 38 microsatellite markers were isolated from the Indian j...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100500
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:One explanation for the evolution of selfing, the drought escape hypothesis, proposes that self-fertilization may evolve under conditions of intensifying seasonal drought as part of a suite of traits that enable plants to accelerate the completion of their life cycle, thereby escaping late-season d...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1400557
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Phylogenetic and morphological studies have helped clarify the systematics of large and complex groups such as the tribe Crotoneae (Euphorbiaceae). However, very little is known about the diversity, structure, and function of anatomical features in this tribe. Crotoneae comprises the species-rich p...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1500017
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In monocarpic plants, reproduction is closely associated with senescence, which is itself often correlated to specific environmental signals. Floerkea proserpinacoides (Limnanthaceae) is a spring ephemeral annual of the deciduous forests of eastern North America. The phenology of its growth and reproduction is conside...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.92.3.438
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nuclear and chloroplast DNA variation was assayed for two populations of Louisiana irises (Bayou Teche and Young's Coulee) that demonstrated extreme morphological variation and for a sample of the putative hybrid species, Iris nelsonii. The genetic markers examined in this analysis were diagnostic for either Iris fulv...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1537-2197.1993.tb13843.x
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
