Abstract：
:Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by the protozoan Leishmania sp., affects 500000 people annually, with the Indian subcontinent contributing a significant proportion of these cases. Emerging refractoriness to conventional antimony therapy has emphasised the need for safer yet effective antileishmanial drugs. Artemisinin, a widely used antimalarial, demonstrated anti-promastigote activity and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) ranged from 100 microM to 120 microM irrespective of Leishmania species studied. Leishmania donovani-infected macrophages demonstrated decreased production of nitrite as well as mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, which was normalised by artemisinin, indicating that it exerted both a direct parasiticidal activity as well as inducing a host protective response. Furthermore, in a BALB/c model of VL, orally administered artemisinin (10mg/kg and 25mg/kg body weight) effectively reduced both splenic weight and parasite burden, which was accompanied by a restoration of Th1 cytokines (interferon-gamma and interleukin-2). Taken together, these findings have delineated the therapeutic potential of artemisinin in experimental VL.
journal_name
Int J Antimicrob Agentsjournal_title
International journal of antimicrobial agentsauthors
Sen R,Ganguly S,Saha P,Chatterjee Mdoi
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.03.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-07-01 00:00:00pages
43-9issue
1eissn
0924-8579issn
1872-7913pii
S0924-8579(10)00131-7journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) form a substantial clinical and financial burden, with the increasing complication of antimicrobial resistance. This resistance may compromise the use of many empirically prescribed antimicrobials. The new respiratory fluoroquinolones have been developed to overcome this burgeoning ...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.12.003
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gene modifications in the PmrAB and PhoPQ two-component regulatory systems, as well as inactivation of the mgrB gene, are known to be causes of colistin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae. The objective of this study was to characterise the mechanism involved in colistin resistance in a Klebsiella oxytoca isolate. A ...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.02.015
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The last decade has been remarkable for the dramatic increase in the prevalence of serious fungal infections in patients with haematological disorders and neutropenic cancer patients. The mortality rate of deep-seated infection has been in excess of 90% and there is no doubt that this is one of the greatest challenges...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0924-8579(00)00341-1
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Development of tuberculosis (TB) is a concern in patients who receive glucocorticosteroids for the treatment of chronic rheumatic or pulmonary diseases. However, the incidence of development of TB in such patients and the prophylactic role of isoniazid (INH) are unclear. We evaluated the available evidence from 20 rel...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.07.010
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged from China causing pneumonia outbreaks, first in the Wuhan region of China and then spread worldwide because of its probable high transmission efficiency. Owing to the lack of efficient and specific treat...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105944
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Susceptibility testing was conducted on 1357 isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from 1993 through 2002 in Japan to assess the antimicrobial resistance. Selected isolates were characterised by auxotype and analysis was done for mutations within the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) in the gyrA and ...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.02.005
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Resistant mutants of Ureaplasma parvum were selected by serial passages of a susceptible strain in subinhibitory concentrations of different macrolides and related antibiotics (erythromycin, azithromycin, josamycin, quinupristin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, pristinamycin and telithromycin). Mechanisms of resistance wer...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.09.008
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent basic and clinical research efforts have shed more light on the taxonomy, microbiology, epidemiology, antimicrobial susceptibility and treatment of Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Porphyromonas species. Of all anaerobic bacteria, Bacteroides is the most frequently isolated pathogen from clinical specimens, includi...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00164-8
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wide-spectrum quinolones such as moxifloxacin and levofloxacin as well as high-order cephalosporins such as cefoperazone and cefepime have increased antimicrobial activity. However, little is known about their distribution in fetal blood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure and compare maternal and fetal b...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.03.011
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The evolution of imipenem disk-diffusion susceptibility results of 2652 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 7596 Escherichia coli isolated during the period 2000-2005 were analysed. Screening for production of metallo-beta-lactamases was performed using the EDTA-synergy method. The percentage rate of K. pneumoniae is...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.09.010
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of the present study was to compare the activities of regimens containing linezolid (LZD) with those not containing LZD against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice. The three regimens excluding LZD selected in this study are often used in practice against multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.10.010
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of antibiotics, as any other drug, is regulated by the terms of its marketing authorisation, notified in the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC). If a prescription is not in accordance with the SPC, the physician prescribes off-label. There is very little literature regarding off-label use of antibiotics ...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.04.010
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutants with oxazolidinone MICs, 2- to 16-fold higher than those of parents, were selected from two of five clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis during exposure to AZD2563, but only at frequencies of ca. 10(-8). Resistance was not selected in Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus or coagulase-negative stap...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2003.06.004
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Strains of Salmonella typhi resistant to chloramphenicol and ampicillin have been isolated in several countries. This study compares treatment of Salmonella infection using ciprofloxacin (500 mg twice daily) for 10 days with chloramphenicol (50 mg/kg per day divided into four doses) for 14 days. The pathogen eradicati...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0924-8579(00)00262-4
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lovastatin is a prodrug that is hydrolysed in vivo to β-hydroxy acid lovastatin, which inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-Co-A) reductase (HMGR), thereby lowering cholesterol in humans. A side effect of lovastatin is inhibition of isoprenoid synthesis and cell membrane formation in methanogenic Archae...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.09.026
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (KPC-KP) bloodstream infections (BSIs) are related to high mortality rates, and combination therapy has been associated with lower mortality in patients treated mostly with colistin. There is a paucity of studies addressing polymyxin B (PMB) treatment for KPC...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.10.010
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Streptococcus pyogenes is a common pathogen which may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Recent information is not readily available, in Canada, regarding the susceptibility of clinical isolates to penicillin, extended spectrum and/or newer agents. We collected and tested 1003 isolates of S. pyoge...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0924-8579(98)00105-8
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Of the 16,024 patients hospitalized from January 1995 to October 1997, 397 (2.4%) acquired nosocomial pneumonia and the aetiological agent was defined in 101 (25%). About 82% developed late onset pneumonia (>7 days of hospitalization). The site of isolation of microorganisms was bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) (49%), blo...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0924-8579(00)00316-2
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The population pharmacokinetics of tobramycin was investigated in a group of 327 adult hospitalized patients receiving once-daily administration of tobramycin at a dose of 7 mg kg(-1). The patients had an average age of 57+/-18 y and an average weight of 65+/-14 kg; 153 of the patients were female. Data, comprised of ...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0924-8579(00)00172-2
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depending on the severity of the clinical syndrome, acute pyelonephritis may require more extensive imaging diagnostics. In the uncomplicated form of the disease, ultrasonography does not appear to be absolutely necessary. In clinically severe cases, however, which fail to respond to antibiotic therapy, ultrasound is ...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00026-6
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A gerbil model of acute otitis media induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae plus Haemophilus influenzae was used to assess the efficacy of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (A/C) (1.5/0.3, 2.5/0.5 and 10/2 mg/kg) and erythromycin (2.5, 10, 20 and 50 mg/kg) with or without acetaminophen. The amoxicillin/clavulanic acid MIC was ...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2003.05.016
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, Brucella melitensis biovar Abortus 2308 and Brucella abortus 3196 biotype 5 reference strains, which are susceptible to fluoroquinolones, became in vitro-resistant to fluoroquinolones by culture in trypticase soy agar. The quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of the gyrA and parC gene...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.03.012
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ongoing seventh cholera pandemic is attributed to Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor biotype strains. Although antibiotic therapy ameliorates symptoms in patients and reduces pathogen transfer to the environment, multidrug resistance remains a major clinical threat. An O1 El Tor strain isolated from a patient in 1998 was i...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.05.020
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are at risk of acquiring chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections. The biofilm mode of growth of P. aeruginosa induces tolerance to antibiotics and the host response; accordingly, treatment failure occurs. Supplemental azithromycin has proven beneficial in CF owing to potential immu...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106213
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aspergillus fumigatus is the main causal agent of invasive aspergillosis (IA), however other species of the genus can also cause IA, such as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus niger and related cryptic species. This infectious disease mainly affects immunosuppressed patients and is linked to elevated...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.09.011
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Surveillance initiatives to track Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance trends are important for understanding the current in vitro effectiveness of available antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of S. pneumoniae (n=1479 isolates) collected from 17 geographical areas across the USA (2003-2004)...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.09.002
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated the prevalence of doravirine (DOR) resistance mutations in non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-experienced patients. DOR resistance was assessed in samples from NNRTI-experienced patients who underwent genotypic testing for virological failure from the Antiretroviral Response...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.02.007
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using a murine model of disseminated infection by Fusarium verticillioides, the efficacy of liposomal amphotericin (L-AmB) B at 10mg/kg body weight once daily and terbinafine (TRB) at 150 mg/kg body weight twice daily, alone and in combination, was evaluated. The combination of L-AmB with TRB was the only treatment ab...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.08.008
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CP-Kp) are currently among the most important nosocomial pathogens in many geographic regions. A retrospective study was conducted between 2010 and 2014 in four hospitals located in a high-prevalence area (Athens, Greece) to describe the clinical features, treatment and o...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.01.011
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to assess the clinical impact and potential risk factors associated with polymyxin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from patients hospitalized in adult and neonatal intensive care units. A case-control study was conducted from September 2015 to January 2017. Antimicrobial susceptibility o...
journal_title：International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105882
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
