Brief communication: Population variation in human maxillary premolar accessory ridges (MxPAR).

abstract：:Variation in long bone cross-sectional geometry can be given a more precise functional interpretation using engineering beam theory. However, difficulties in measurement technique have generally prevented studies of large samples of cross sections in this way. In the present study, an automated system utilizing an ele...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Ruff CB,Hayes WC

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This paper addresses the prevalence and pattern of physical violence in the prehispanic society of Gran Canaria and discusses its link with the social structure and insular context in which that people lived. MATERIALS AND METHODS:347 prehispanic crania from Guayadeque Ravine (575-1415 AD) have been examine...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Delgado-Darias T,Alberto-Barroso V,Velasco-Vázquez J

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey of nine polymorphic loci for 82 North Amerindian populations was undertaken to test the hypothesis that increasing levels of sociocultural complexity are ineluctably accompanied by increased heterozygosity. The data reveal a significant relationship in the predicted direction. Moreover, the significant correl...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Suarez BK,O'Rourke DH,Crouse JD

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lactase persistence (LP) is the phenotypic trait in which lactase secretion is maintained during adulthood. LP is due to mutations in the LCT enhancer region, located 14-kb upstream of the gene. In Europeans, the -13910*T allele is associated with LP. In Africans this allele is rare while other mutations in this same ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Friedrich DC,Callegari-Jacques SM,Petzl-Erler ML,Tsuneto L,Salzano FM,Hutz MH

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of consanguineous marriages on offspring's gestational age and anthropometrics at birth were investigated in Beirut through a hospital-based survey of 1,252 newborns. Twenty-five percent of all newborns were inbred, and the mean inbreeding coefficient was 1.25%. Neither prematurity rate nor weight, length, hea...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Khlat M

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Appeals to synapomorphic features of the wrist and hand in African apes, early hominins, and modern humans as evidence of knuckle-walking ancestry for the hominin lineage rely on accurate interpretations of those features as adaptations to knuckle-walking locomotion. Because Gorilla, Pan, and Homo share a relatively c...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Orr CM

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oliver is an African ape whose species identity has been debated in the popular media and by various scientists since the early 1970s. Although decisive morphological data has never been adduced on Oliver, many reports indicated that Oliver was morphologically unusual for a chimpanzee, particularly in his habitual bip...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Ely JJ,Leland M,Martino M,Swett W,Moore CM

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence has recently accumulated that the Singa calvaria from Sudan probably dates from Oxygen Isotope Stage 6 (>130 ka). Morphological studies have indicated a mixture of archaic and more modern human traits, but such analyses are complicated by the possibility that the vault is pathologically deformed, although the...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Spoor F,Stringer C,Zonneveld F

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:High-resolution imaging of fossils with X-ray computed microtomography (μCT) has become a very powerful tool in paleontological research. However, fossilized bone, embedding matrix, and dental tissues do not always provide a distinct structural signal with X-rays. We demonstrate the benefits of high-resoluti...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Urciuoli A,Zanolli C,Fortuny J,Almécija S,Schillinger B,Moyà-Solà S,Alba DM

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents a comprehensive empirical analysis of the factors affecting growth and psychological development of over 100 infants from birth to age 6 months in the Embu region of Kenya. The analysis was divided into four parts. First, infants' birth weight, and length and head circumference as measured few days...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Bhargava A

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article presents the results of a study of infant diet at two Iron Age sites on the island of Öland, Sweden. The cemetery at Bjärby contained a large number of subadults who had survived the earliest years of life, whereas most individuals at Triberga had died by 6 months of age. To investigate whether difference...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Howcroft R,Eriksson G,Lidén K

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Variation in height and body proportions is relatively well-understood at the inter-population level, but less is known about intra-population variation. This study explores intra-population variation in body proportions among 172 (88 female; 84 male) adult rural Amazonians. We test the hypotheses that: (1) stunting i...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Vercellotti G,Piperata BA

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The geometry of the midshaft cross-sections of the femur and humerus of five indriid species was analysed. Internal (marrow cavity) and external diameters were measured on X-rays in the anteroposterior (a-p) and mediolateral (m-l) planes; cross-sectional areas, second moments of area, and section moduli were calculate...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Demes B,Jungers WL,Selpien K

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interdisciplinary research has benefitted the fields of anthropology and engineering for decades: a classic example being the application of material science to the field of feeding biomechanics. However, after decades of research, discordances have developed in how mechanical properties are defined, measured, calcula...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Berthaume MA

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dental microwear researchers consider exogenous grit or dust to be an important cause of microscopic wear on primate teeth. No study to date has examined the accumulation of such abrasives on foods eaten by primates in the forest. This investigation introduces a method to collect dust at various heights in the canopy....

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Ungar PS,Teaford MF,Glander KE,Pastor RF

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The robustness index (RI) is determined by multiplying dental mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters, and is used to estimate occlusal area. However, because teeth are not rectangular its calculation consistently causes overestimations. Moreover, teeth, in particular molars, are not identically shaped so overestimatio...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Schmidt C,Ousley S,Schmidt M

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lengths within the cranial base and vault were measured in cephalometric radiographs of 220 boys and 177 girls ranging in age from 0 to 15 years; all these children are participants in The Fels Longitudinal Growth Study. The present study is based on mixed longitudinal data derived from 1640 radiographs for boys and 1...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Ohtsuki F,Mukherjee D,Lewis AB,Roche AF

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper present the content of the Musée de l'Homme exhibition "Us and them: from prejudice to racism" and provides a detailed explanation of how this content has been presented to the public. In a second section of this paper we explain some of the analysis and concepts, from a biological anthropology perspective,...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Heyer E,Reynaud-Paligot C

更新日期：2020-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes the development of a knuckle walking mode of locomotion by a free-living yellow baboon (Papio cynocephalus). Some implications of this occurrence for theories of the evolution of knuckle walking are discussed. ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Hausfater G

更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the sacrum contributes to the size and shape of the birth canal, the sexually dimorphic sacrum of humans is frequently interpreted within obstetric contexts. However, while the human sacrum has been extensively studied, comparatively little is known about sacral morphology in nonhuman primates. Thus, it remains unc...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Moffett EA,Maddux SD,Ward CV

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Pelvic features, mostly known as parturition scars, have been extensively studied in the last decades and are frequently investigated in archaeological and forensic contexts. It is still unclear, however, whether they really relate to pregnancy and birth, or whether these features are caused by other biomech...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Waltenberger L,Pany-Kucera D,Rebay-Salisbury K,Mitteroecker P

更新日期：2020-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Allometric relationships between incisor size and body size were determined for 26 species of New World primates. While previous studies have suggested that the incisors of Old World primates, and anthropoids in general, scale isometrically with body size, the data presented here indicate a negative allometric relatio...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Eaglen RH

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The energy demands of pregnancy and lactation together with the accumulation of stored fat in human females during development suggest that a critical level of fat may be required for menarche; but multivariate analyses have supported the alternative view that skeletal growth is the main factor. However, significant d...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Lassek WD,Gaulin SJ

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although previous studies have characterized the genetic structure of populations from Haiti and Jamaica using classical and autosomal STR polymorphisms, the patrilineal influences that are present in these countries have yet to be explored. To address this lacuna, the current study aims to investigate, for the first ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Simms TM,Wright MR,Hernandez M,Perez OA,Ramirez EC,Martinez E,Herrera RJ

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We present a study of skeletal damage to four chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) infanticide victims from Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Skeletal analysis may provide insight into the adaptive significance of infanticide by examining whether nutritional benefits sufficiently explain infanticidal behavior. The nutr...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kirchhoff CA,Wilson ML,Mjungu DC,Raphael J,Kamenya S,Collins DA

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, we evaluate the causes of differential skeletal preservation in the Windover Pond skeletal series (8BR246). We collected data on sex and age for approximately 110 individuals, and calculated a preservation score for each individual based on the presence of 80 skeletal landmarks. Our research questions e...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Stojanowski CM,Seidemann RM,Doran GH

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modern humans, among extant hominoids, possess a unique projecting, external nose whose basic structure is reflected in a series of skeletal features including nasal bone convexity, an internasal angle, lateral nasal aperture eversion, prominence and anterior positioning of the anterior nasal spine, an acute angle of ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Franciscus RG,Trinkaus E

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe iodine deficiency may lead to endemic cretinism, which is characterized by a number of abnormalities, such as mental retardation, neurological abnormalities and hearing disorders. These abnormalities may occur in various combinations, but impaired mental development is always a component. The present study was ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Bleichrodt N,Drenth PJ,Querido A

更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isotope variations were studied in necropolises of the early (6th to 7th century CE) and central (10th to 11th century CE) medieval period located in Fruili-Venezia Giulia (Northeastern Italy). The two periods each shortly followed two great barbarian invasions that changed the politics and economy of Italy: the arriv...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Iacumin P,Galli E,Cavalli F,Cecere L

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two samples of protohistoric Iroquoians are found to show low values for bone formation indicators. Two southern Ontario ossuary samples, Kleinburg (1600 AD, N = 561) and Uxbridge (1490 +/- 80 AD, N = 457) are examined. Mean values for the cortical index (Barnett and Nordin, 1960) and percent cortical area (Garn, 1970...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Pfeiffer S,King P

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00