Insomnia in patients with depression: some pathophysiological and treatment considerations.

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is frequently associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) such as agitation and aggression, especially in the moderate to severe stages of the illness. The limited efficacy and high-risk profiles of current pharmacotherapies for the management of agitation and aggression in AD have driven ...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Liu CS,Chau SA,Ruthirakuhan M,Lanctôt KL,Herrmann N

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Valproic acid is a versatile antiepileptic drug that is often used in the acute care setting. Intravenous valproic acid lends itself well to a continuous infusion as it exhibits a relatively short half-life. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of continuous infusion valproic acid in hos...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Cook AM,Zafar MS,Mathias S,Stewart AM,Albuja AC,Bensalem-Owen M,Kapoor S,Baumann RJ

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Topiramate is an antiepileptic drug that has a broad spectrum of antiseizure effects, which appear to be the result of several neurostabilising pharmacological mechanisms. These include blockade of ion channels, potentiation of GABA neuroinhibition and glutamate receptor antagonism at non-NMDA receptors, as well as mi...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Waugh J,Goa KL

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Duloxetine (Cymbalta(R)) is a potent serotonin and noradrenaline (norepinephrine) reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) in the CNS. It is indicated for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) as well as other indications. In patients with GAD of at least moderate severity, oral duloxetine 60-120 mg once daily was effe...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Carter NJ,McCormack PL

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of pediatric migraine remains an unmet medical need. There continues to be a paucity of pediatric randomized controlled trials for the treatment of migraine, both in the acute and preventive settings. Pediatric studies are often complicated by high placebo-response rates and much of our current practice is b...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Kacperski J,Hershey AD

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Satisfactory management of Parkinson's disease is a challenge that requires a tailored approach for each individual. In the advanced phase of the disease, patients may experience motor complications despite optimized pharmacological therapy. Apomorphine, a short-acting D1- and D2-like receptor agonist, is the only dru...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Carbone F,Djamshidian A,Seppi K,Poewe W

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease affects nearly 5 million Americans currently and, as a result of the baby boomer cohort, is predicted to affect 14 million Americans and 22 million persons totally worldwide in just a few decades. Alzheimer's disease is present in nearly half of individuals aged 85 years. The main symptom of Alzhei...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Butterfield DA,Pocernich CB

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive dysfunction is a major cause of disability in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The prevalence of cognitive dysfunction is estimated at 45 to 65%. Natural history studies suggest that once cognitive dysfunction develops in a patient with MS, it is not likely to remit. Unlike physical disability in MS, c...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Bagert B,Camplair P,Bourdette D

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In humans, age-related memory impairments begin in mid-life and cognitive weakening continues with advancing age. An important aspect of defining memory decline is the distinction between dementia as a result of neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, and memory loss not specifically associated with diseas...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Foster TC

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:▴ Ziprasidone is a novel antipsychotic drug. It has high affinity for serotonin 5-HT(2) and dopamine D(2) receptors in vitro, with an 11-fold higher affinity for 5-HT(2) than for D(2) receptors, suggestive of a low potential for inducing motor disturbance [including extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)].▴ The effects of zipr...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Davis R,Markham A

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The eating disorders anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa present with comorbidity in a number of important areas, including depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders (obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and other phobias, and post-traumatic stress disorder) and substance abuse...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Woodside BD,Staab R

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Cognitive impairment is prevalent and debilitating among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). While many pharmacologic treatments have shown good efficacy in reducing clinical relapses, brain lesions, and improving certain physical symptoms, their efficacy for improving cognitive function is not well unde...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Chen MH,Goverover Y,Genova HM,DeLuca J

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The anilidopiperidine opioid remifentanil has pharmacodynamic properties similar to all opioids; however, its pharmacokinetic characteristics are unique. Favourable pharmacokinetic properties, minimally altered by extremes of age or renal or hepatic dysfunction, enable easy titration and rapid dissipation of clinical ...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Beers R,Camporesi E

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is growing epidemiological evidence that opioids may increase the risk of unintentional injuries and it is plausible that the time of initiation is most critical in that respect. Studies on fall-related injuries remain few, limited and mostly focused on specific groups of elderly patients. OBJECTIVE:T...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Söderberg KC,Laflamme L,Möller J

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is considered to be the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain and loss of GABA inhibition has been clearly implicated in epileptogenesis. GABA interacts with 3 types of receptor: GABAA, GABAB and GABAC. The GABAA receptor has provided an excellent target for the development of d...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Czuczwar SJ,Patsalos PN

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diclofenac potassium powder for oral solution (Voltfast(®), Catafast(®), Cambia(®); hereafter referred to as diclofenac potassium powder) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), and is indicated for the acute treatment of migraine. This article reviews the pharmacological properties of diclofenac potassium ...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Garnock-Jones KP

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Down syndrome (DS), which results from an extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21), is the most common genetically defined cause of intellectual disability. Although no pharmacotherapy aimed at counteracting the cognitive and adaptive deficits associated with this genetic disorder has been approved at present, there h...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Costa AC,Scott-McKean JJ

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is expected to linger. Decisions regarding initiation or continuation of disease-modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis have to consider the potential relevance to the pandemic. Understanding the mechanism of action and the possible idiosyncratic effects of each therapeutic a...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Zheng C,Kar I,Chen CK,Sau C,Woodson S,Serra A,Abboud H

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since 1989, several novel antipsychotic drugs have become available for use including clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine and ziprasidone. These agents represent a substantial improvement in the treatment of schizophrenia and related disorders and are considered to have a favourable adverse effect profile r...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Trenton A,Currier G,Zwemer F

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is difficult to determine the relative efficacy of atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of schizophrenia, based on the available literature. The purpose of this article is to review and compare the efficacy of two atypical antipsychotics: olanzapine and ziprasidone.This review focused on randomised trials in w...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Matza LS,Baker TM,Revicki DA

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have found a correlation between the presence of circulating maternal autoantibodies and neuronal dysfunction in the neonate. Specifically, maternal anti-brain autoantibodies, which may access the fetal compartment during gestation, have been identified as one risk factor for developing autism spectrum...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Fox-Edmiston E,Van de Water J

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dravet syndrome (DS) is a medically refractory epilepsy that onsets in the first year of life with prolonged seizures, often triggered by fever. Over time, patients develop other seizure types (myoclonic, atypical absences, drops), intellectual disability, crouch gait and other co-morbidities (sleep problems, autonomi...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Knupp KG,Wirrell EC

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Narcolepsy type 1 and narcolepsy type 2 are central disorders of hypersomnolence. Narcolepsy type 1 is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy and is associated with hypocretin-1 deficiency. On the other hand, in narcolepsy type 2, cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 levels are normal and cataplexy ab...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Barateau L,Lopez R,Dauvilliers Y

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pervasive and devastating nature of substance use disorders underlies the need for the continued development of novel pharmacotherapies. We now know that glia play a much greater role in neuronal processes than once believed.  The various types of glial cells (e.g., astrocytes, microglial, oligodendrocytes) partic...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Jones JD

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:All antipsychotics, including the atypical antipsychotics (AAPs), may cause tardive dyskinesia (TD), a potentially irreversible movement disorder, the pathophysiology of which is currently unknown. The prevention and treatment of TD remain major challenges for clinicians. We conducted a PubMed search to review the pre...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Stegmayer K,Walther S,van Harten P

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Statins possess neuroprotective effects. However, real-world evidence supporting their utility in post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) prevention is limited. OBJECTIVE:The association between statin use, including timing of prescribing (pre-stroke vs post-stroke), type (lipophilicity, intensity of therapy) and dose i...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Lin FJ,Lin HW,Ho YF

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a prevalent and disabling disorder associated with significant co-morbidity. An increased awareness of SAD over the past two decades has given impetus to advances in the pharmacotherapeutic and psychotherapeutic treatment options for this disorder. On the basis of consistent data from ...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Muller JE,Koen L,Seedat S,Stein DJ

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Assessing the risk of stroke in persons with migraine is complicated by the intricate relationship between these two conditions. Both migraine and stroke are common and co-morbidity may, in some cases, be coincidental. Given the overlap of clinical symptoms in stroke and migraine, each condition may also mimic the oth...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Tietjen GE

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At the beginning of the AIDS pandemic, affective disorders (such as depressed mood) were seen in a considerable number of HIV-1-infected individuals. These disorders were a result of the poor physical condition of the patients, brain involvement by the virus (e.g. encephalopathy) or a reaction to disadvantageous livin...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Arendt G

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The kynurenine pathway constitutes the main route of tryptophan degradation and generates the production of several neuroactive compounds; quinolinic acid is an excitotoxic NMDA receptor agonist, 3-hydroxykynurenine is a free-radical generator and kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an antagonist at glutamate and nicotinic recep...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Erhardt S,Olsson SK,Engberg G

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00