Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To identify risk factors associated with surgical site infection (SSI) after pediatric posterior spinal fusion procedure by examining characteristics related to the patient, the surgical procedure, and tissue hypoxia. DESIGN:Retrospective case-control study nested in a hospital cohort study. SETTING:A 475-bed, tertiary care children's hospital. METHODS:All patients who underwent a spinal fusion procedure during the period from January 1995 through December 2006 were included. SSI cases were identified by means of prospective surveillance using National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance system definitions. Forty-four case patients who underwent a posterior spinal fusion procedure and developed an SSI were identified and evaluated. Each case patient was matched (on the basis of date of surgery, +/-3 months) to 3 control patients who underwent a posterior spinal fusion procedure but did not develop an SSI. Risk factors for SSI were evaluated by univariate analysis and multivariable conditional logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and P values, were calculated. RESULTS:From 1995 to 2006, the mean annual rate of SSI after posterior spinal fusion procedure was 4.4% (range, 1.1%-6.7%). Significant risk factors associated with SSI in the univariate analysis included the following: a body mass index (BMI) greater than the 95th percentile (OR, 3.5 [95% CI, 1.5-8.3]); antibiotic prophylaxis with clindamycin, compared with other antibiotics (OR, 3.5 [95% CI, 1.2-10.0]); inappropriately low dose of antibiotic (OR, 2.6 [95% CI, 1.0-6.6]); and a longer duration of hypothermia (ie, a core body temperature of less than 35.5 degrees C) during surgery (OR, 0.4 [95% CI, 0.2-0.9]). An American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score of greater than 2, obesity (ie, a BMI greater than the 95th percentile), antibiotic prophylaxis with clindamycin, and hypothermia were statistically significant in the multivariable model. CONCLUSION:An ASA score greater than 2, obesity, and antibiotic prophylaxis with clindamycin were independent risk factors for SSI. Hypothermia during surgery appears to provide protection against SSI in this patient population.
journal_name
Infect Control Hosp Epidemioljournal_title
Infection control and hospital epidemiologyauthors
Linam WM,Margolis PA,Staat MA,Britto MT,Hornung R,Cassedy A,Connelly BLdoi
10.1086/593952subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-02-01 00:00:00pages
109-16issue
2eissn
0899-823Xissn
1559-6834journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the accuracy of nosocomial infections data reported on patients in the intensive-care unit by nine hospitals participating in the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System. DESIGN:A pilot study was done in two phases to review the charts of selected intensive-care-unit patients who ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1086/647820
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 19-item survey instrument was designed and mailed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America to its membership to determine the media preferred by infectious diseases physicians for continuing medical education on general topics and on antimicrobial resistance. The objective of the survey was to offer the develop...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/505922
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare patient outcomes when percutaneous feeding tubes were changed routinely each month or only when necessary (prn). DESIGN:Prospective, randomized, nonblinded crossover study of 6 months of routine monthly changes compared with 6 months of prn changes. SETTING:416-bed long-term-care facility. PATIE...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1086/647218
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of and risk of organisms developing resistance to 2 novel hand soaps: (1) a soap containing triclosan, polyhexamethylene biguanide, and benzethonium chloride added to a soap base (TPB soap); and (2) a soap containing farnesol, polyhexamethylene biguanide, and benzethoniu...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/589723
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clonal Mycobacterium mucogenicum isolates (determined by molecular typing) were recovered from 19 bronchoscopic specimens from 15 patients. None of these patients had evidence of mycobacterial infection. Laboratory culture materials and bronchoscopes were negative for Mycobacteria. This pseudo-outbreak was caused by c...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2019.317
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breathing circuit filters (BCFs) are used in respiratory and critical-care settings for humidification of air and to limit transmission of respiratory pathogens. Three types of BCFs (Pall BB 25A, BB 100, and HME 15-22) were evaluated (in triplicate) for removal of Mycobacterium species. Filters were challenged with ae...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647606
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the occurrence of Clostridium difficile among inpatients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in two different hospitals. DESIGN:Prospective, observational study. SETTING:Specialized HIV inpatient units. PATIENTS:HIV-infected inpatients at Cook County Hospital (CCH) and Rush Presbyte...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501987
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To collect data about personal protective equipment (PPE) management and to provide indications for improving PPE policies in Europe. DESIGN:Descriptive, cross-sectional survey. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:Data were collected in 48 isolation facilities in 16 European countries nominated by National Health Auth...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/667729
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVESThe risk of cross infection in a busy emergency department (ED) is a serious public health concern, especially in times of pandemic threats. We simulated cross infections due to respiratory diseases spread by large droplets using empirical data on contacts (ie, close-proximity interactions of ≤1m) in an ED t...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2018.61
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prospective studies were conducted for nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections from February 1, 1994, to October 30, 1995. Of 97 P. aeruginosa isolates from 97 patients, 35 were resistant to ceftazidime. Logistic regression revealed previous cephalosporin or piperacillin use as independent risk factors for nosoco...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501614
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiotics are not indicated for the treatment of bronchitis and bronchiolitis. Using a nationally representative database from 2006-2015, we found that antibiotics were prescribed in 58% of outpatient visits for bronchitis and bronchiolitis in children, serving as a possible baseline for the expanded HEDIS 2020 meas...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2020.1231
更新日期:2020-10-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate plasmid and chromosomal typing methods for differentiation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). DESIGN:Comparison of relatedness of strains using epidemiologic features, phage typing, and antimicrobial susceptibility with blinded assessment by molecular typing methods. Molecular...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646420
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the safety, sustainability, and effectiveness of a laboratory intervention to reduce processing of midstream urine (MSU) cultures. DESIGN:Prospective observational cohort. SETTING:Medical and surgical inpatients in a tertiary-care hospital. PARTICIPANTS:The study included 1,678 adult inpatients w...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2020.385
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies in the 1970s and 1980s suggested that environmental surface contamination played a negligible role in the endemic transmission of healthcare-associated infections. However, recent studies have demonstrated that several major nosocomial pathogens are shed by patients and contaminate hospital surfaces at concent...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1086/660363
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Evaluate aerobiological monitoring for fungal spores during hospital construction and correlate results with an outbreak of invasive aspergillosis (IA). DESIGN:Prospective air sampling for molds was done using the gravity air-settling plate (GASP) method. SETTING:A university medical center special care uni...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646916
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVETo evaluate probiotics for the primary prevention of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) among hospital inpatients.DESIGNA before-and-after quality improvement intervention comparing 12-month baseline and intervention periods.SETTINGA 694-bed teaching hospital.INTERVENTIONWe administered a multispecies prob...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2018.76
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A surgeon-specific computer-generated monthly questionnaire was used to improve surveillance of surgical wound infections in outpatients as well as inpatients following discharge. From July 1988 through June 1989, 20,536 surgical procedures were performed at our medical center, of which 53% were for outpatients. The t...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646084
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methodologies for evaluating the efficacy of antimicrobial agents in the bacterial flora of the hand involve variations of the "glove juice" or "sterile bag" procedures. In this study we demonstrate that the subungual flora contribute significantly to the recovery of bacteria in these procedures. Culturing hands that ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1086/645920
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::US hospitals are engaged in an infection control arms race. Hospitals, specialties, and professional groups are spurring one another on to adopt progressively more aggressive measures in response to COVID-19 that often exceed federal and international standards. Examples include universal masking of providers and pati...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2020.211
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We surveyed resident physicians at 2 academic medical centers regarding urinary testing and treatment as they progressed through training. Demographics and self-reported confidence were compared to overall knowledge using clinical vignette-based questions. Overall knowledge was 40% in 2011 and increased to 48%, 55%, a...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2018.34
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The study was designed to compare the efficacies of bland soap handwash and isopropyl alcohol hand rinse in preventing transfer of aerobic gram-negative bacilli to urinary catheters via transient hand colonization acquired from direct patient contact. Glove juice recovery of gram-negative bacteria was conside...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646261
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the frequency of selected antimicrobial resistance patterns among pathogens causing device-associated and procedure-associated healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) reported by hospitals in the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN). METHODS:Data are included on HAIs (ie, central line-associ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/591861
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the attributable risk of death due to catheter-related septicemia (CRS) in critically ill patients when taking into account severity of illness during the intensive-care unit (ICU) stay but before CRS. DESIGN:Pairwise-matched (1:2) exposed-unexposed study. SETTING:10-bed medical-surgical ICU an...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501639
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a home care service during a 4-month period. DESIGN:Prospective study. SETTING:A home care service located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS:Patients admitted to the home care service during this period, their household contact...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/507921
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hospital-wide attack rate for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea at our tertiary-care university hospital was 0.02 per 100 patient discharges (0.02%) in 1982, but 0.41% and 1.47% in 1986 and 1987, respectively, with a peak incidence of 2.25% in the fourth quarter of 1987. Hospital antibiotic usage patterns ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646173
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the spread of strains of Enterobacter aerogenes in our hospital in 1992 and 1993 by using two genotypic markers, and to evaluate these methods for the epidemiological investigation of this species. DESIGN:Ribotyping (using two endonucleases) and arbitrarily primed (AP)-PCR (using two different 10-me...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647094
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). DESIGN:Prospective case-control study. SETTING:One tertiary and 6 community-based institutions in the southeastern United States. METHODS:We compared patients with SSI due to MRSA with 2 co...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/590124
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The technology of intravenous catheter access ports has evolved from open ports covered by removable caps to more-sophisticated, closed versions containing mechanical valves. We report a significant increase in catheter-related bloodstream infections after the introduction of a new needle-free positive-pressure mechan...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/499166
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Skin preparation is an important factor in reducing the rate of blood culture contamination. We assessed blood culture contamination rates associated with the use of skin antisepsis kits containing either 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine gluconate or 2% alcoholic tincture of iodine. DESIGN:Prospective, blinded cli...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1086/502073
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An episode of acute hepatitis in a patient with hemophilia during immunoadsorption therapy initially was misinterpreted as a reactivated hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but ultimately was shown to be an exogenous reinfection during cohort treatment with another HCV-positive patient. This incident illustrates that p...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502063
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00