Abstract:
:Ketogenic diets (KDs) are effective treatments for epilepsy. The mechanisms of action are poorly understood. In some experimental seizure models, calorie restriction and hypoglycemia may augment the antiseizure effects of KDs. In addition, inhibiting glycolysis or diverting glucose from the glycolytic pathway inhibits seizures and possibly epileptogenesis, suggesting an interaction between energy regulation and the anticonvulsant actions of these interventions. Children on KDs frequently exhibit poor weight gain and have lower blood glucose levels compared to children on standard, balanced diets. Young rodents on a KD also exhibit slow weight gain, lower blood glucose and insulin levels, and elevated leptin levels. This review considers the possibility that calorie restriction, low serum glucose, and KDs share common cell signaling pathways to alter brain excitability. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an attractive candidate signaling protein that could link energy balance to gene expression in such a way so as to reduce brain excitability.
journal_name
Epilepsiajournal_title
Epilepsiaauthors
Yamada KAdoi
10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01847.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-11-01 00:00:00pages
94-6eissn
0013-9580issn
1528-1167pii
EPI1847journal_volume
49 Suppl 8pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
EPILEPSIA文献大全abstract::Severe Myoclonic Epilepsy in infancy (SMEI, or Dravet syndrome) is a drug-resistant epilepsy that occurs in the first year of life of previously healthy children. The main clinical features are prolonged and repeated febrile and afebrile generalized or unilateral convulsive seizures. In the course of the epilepsy, cog...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00688.x
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The use of primary health care personnel to identify cases of epilepsy and initiate simple treatment protocols has been advocated as a solution to the numeric inadequacy and uneven distribution of medical manpower available for the management of epilepsy in developing countries. This study sought to evaluate th...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb00749.x
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The selection of a minimal active sequence of erythropoietin allowed the design of peptide mimetics that exert beneficial effects in the central nervous system but lack an erythropoietic effect. Erythropoietin has been suggested as a promising therapeutic and prophylactic for epilepsies based on its neuroprotec...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03302.x
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature on the interictal language profile in adult patients with epilepsy. METHODS:An extensive literature search was performed using MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PASCAL, and PSYNDEXplus databases. Ke...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/epi.12743
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on cognitive function and behavior in children are reviewed on the basis of published studies. Individual AEDs have been shown to differ--the deleterious effects of phenytoin generally contrasting with the relatively minimal effects of valproate and carbamazepine. Some of the ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1990.tb05867.x
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine antioxidative system in hippocampi of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis (mTLE-HS). METHODS:Activity and levels of antioxidative enzymes-catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.12981
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diagnostic goals in nonsurgical (conservative) epileptology differ from presurgical diagnostic aims. The resulting development of diagnostic methods in a tertiary-level epilepsy center is shown and the major technical and organizational consequences of this difference for diagnostic long-term monitoring (LTM) as o...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.2000.tb01528.x
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group of patients with benign epilepsy of children with centrotemporal EEG foci, consisting of 40 patients reported 10 years ago, has been reinvestigated. Thirty-seven of these patients were reinvestigated. They were 26-34 years old (mean, 29 years). The observation time from the first seizure was 13-27 years (mean,...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1982.tb05078.x
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::With microwave diathermy, febrile seizures were produced in epileptic chicks aged 2-5 days. Drugs that enhance GABAergic activity (i.e., GABA, muscimol, and progabide), as well as valproic acid and gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, produced dose-dependent increases in latency to onset of seizures. ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1988.tb04228.x
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The AY-9944 (AY)-treated rat is a reproducible and clinically relevant animal model of atypical absence seizures. AY inhibits cholesterol synthesis, but the relation between brain sterol levels and the spontaneously recurrent absence seizures has not been determined. METHODS:Long-Evans hooded rats were treated...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1528-1157.2002.22401.x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Studies have found that affected individuals who believe the cause of their disorder is genetic may react in various ways, including optimism for improved treatments and pessimism due to perceived permanence of the condition. This study assessed the psychosocial impact of genetic attribution among people with...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.16352
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monotherapy is the policy for management of patients with epilepsy. With increasing knowledge of the biology of epilepsy and of the modes of action of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), this concept must be reevaluated. When monotherapy fails to control seizures, subsequent treatment should be based on "rational pharmacology...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02447.x
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of gabapentin (Neurontin; GBP) as add-on therapy for refractory partial seizures in paediatric patients aged 3-12 years. METHODS:After a 6-week baseline period, 247 patients (54 centres) entered a 12-week double-blind phase and were randomized to receive either GBP (t.i.d., ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb00833.x
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The processes underlying sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) remain elusive, but centrally mediated cardiovascular or respiratory collapse is suspected. Volume changes in brain areas mediating recovery from extreme cardiorespiratory challenges may indicate failure mechanisms and allow prospective iden...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.14689
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Homocysteine thiolactone (HTL) elicits seizures in mice at a dose of 850 mg/kg (95-100% of animals) with an average latency time of 19.5 min. These seizures are reversed by both 5' N-ethylcarboximide adenosine (NECA) and flunitrazepam, with respective ED50 doses of 0.025 and 0.20 mg/kg. NECA was approximately four-fol...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1990.tb05371.x
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In January 2019, a new plant-derived purified cannabidiol preparation, approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, became commercially available for patients ≥2 years old with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome or Dravet syndrome. Among our patients who were prescribed the new cannabidiol formulation, we observed several ca...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.16596
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:A drug holiday seems to produce seizure interval prolongation (SIP) after reinstitution of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). This effect was demonstrated mainly with carbamazepine. We evaluated SIP with newer AEDs and tested the relationship of SIP to history of AED tolerance. METHODS:We prospectively studied patien...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02494.x
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Few studies have examined the long-term sustainability of complete seizure freedom on the ketogenic diet (KD). The purpose of this study was to describe the risk of seizure recurrence in children who achieved at least 1 month of seizure freedom on the KD, and to assess clinical features associated with sustai...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/epi.12583
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, there are 4 published scales evaluating status epilepticus (SE) prognosis: the Status Epilepticus Severity Score (STESS), the Epidemiology-based Mortality score in Status Epilepticus (EMSE), the modified STESS (mSTESS), and the Encephalitis Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus Diazepam Resistence Imaging Trache...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.14483
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can be used for noninvasive measurement of more than two dozen small metabolites in the brains of living animals and humans. In the first decade of its use for study of seizure phenomena in animals, MRS successfully detected in vivo seizure-induced cerebral acidosis and reduction ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1994.tb05984.x
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether the link between epilepsy and deprivation is due to factors associated with deprivation (social causation) or factors associated with a diagnosis of epilepsy (social drift). METHODS:We reviewed electronic primary health care records from 2004 to 2010, identifying prevalent and incident...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.12942
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We investigated whether RS-isovaline, a unique amino acid found in carbonaceous meteorites and presumed extraterrestrial, has anticonvulsant properties in rat hippocampal slices in vitro. METHODS:Extracellular recordings were obtained in the rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal layer in two in vitro seizure models: p...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03260.x
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article explores the historic underpinnings of the exclusion of women from clinical drug trials, identifies recent developments, and examines legal implications for women with epilepsy and for others. Distinguishing stakeholders and their interests may lead to policies that better serve all. Past and present stat...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1997.tb04538.x
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although it is well documented that long-term therapy with older antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) leads to an increase in risk for atherosclerosis, there has been only limited information regarding the vascular risk in patients who are treated with new AEDs. We therefore conducted a prospective longitudinal study to assess ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.12338
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Although levetiracetam undergoes minimum metabolism, B-esterases have been identified in whole blood that are capable of metabolising levetiracetam. The present study was designed to ascertain any variability in levetiracetam blood concentrations that could be attributed to in situ metabolism and which could im...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00819.x
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We set out to review the extent to which molecular karyotyping has overtaken conventional cytogenetics in applications related to epilepsy. Multiplex ligase-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) targeted to predetermined regions such as SCN1A and KCNQ2 has been effectively applied over the last half a decade, and oligo...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02932.x
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are commonly found in patients with stroke and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. However, there have been no reports of CMBs or their acute appearance in patients with status epilepticus. Herein we describe two patients with refractory status epilepticus of uncertain origin. Both patients were p...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.12113
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Sex differences are evident in the antiseizure activity of neurosteroids; however, the potential mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we sought to determine whether differences in target extrasynaptic δ-subunit γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA-A) receptor expression and function underlie the sex differen...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.14693
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Numerous studies have demonstrated changes in cognitive, memory, and language functioning in adults and adolescents after temporal lobectomy, yet little information is available regarding neuropsychological outcome in preadolescent children. METHODS:We studied pre- and postoperative neuropsychological test res...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01174.x
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several different types of chemical compounds are useful as antiepileptic drugs. Their mechanisms of action, as well as their physical structures, differ. Compounds such as carbamazepine, phenytoin, and probably valproate act by modifying ionic conductances, particularly sodium and calcium, in excitable membranes, thu...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1987.tb05772.x
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00