Unique ethylene-regulated touch responses of Arabidopsis thaliana roots to physical hardness.

Abstract:

:Although touch responses of plant roots are an important adaptive behavior, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. We have developed a bioassay for measuring root-bending responses to physical hardness in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Our test requires a two-layer solid medium. Primary roots growing downward through an upper layer of 0.3% phytagel either penetrate the lower layer or bend along an interface between the upper and lower layers with different concentrations (0.2-0.5%, corresponding to 1.57-6.79 gw mm(-2) in hardness). In proportion to increasing hardness of the lower layer, we found that the percentage of bending roots increased and ethylene production decreased, suggesting an inverse relationship between the root-bending response and ethylene production. Studies with ethylene biosynthesis modulators and mutants also suggested that bending and non-bending responses of roots to medium hardness depend, respectively, on decreased and increased ethylene biosynthesis. In addition, the degrees of root-tip softening and differential root-cell growth, both possible factors determining root-bending response, were enhanced and attenuated by decreased and increased amounts of ethylene, respectively--also in bending roots and non-bending roots. Our findings indicate that ethylene regulates root touch responses, probably through a combination of root-tip softening (or hardening) and differential root-cell growth.

journal_name

J Plant Res

authors

Yamamoto C,Sakata Y,Taji T,Baba T,Tanaka S

doi

10.1007/s10265-008-0178-4

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-09-01 00:00:00

pages

509-19

issue

5

eissn

0918-9440

issn

1618-0860

journal_volume

121

pub_type

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