Abstract：
:The purpose of this study was to compare the maximal exercise performance during cycle ergometry of 34 men and 47 women. External peak power output (OPP) and optimized pedalling rate (ORPM) were calculated from data gathered during an optimization procedure performed on a friction braked cycle ergometer. In addition, lean leg volume (LLV) and lean upper leg volume (LULV) were determined using an anthropometric technique. Both OPP and ORPM were greater in men than in women (1007 +/- 135 vs 673 +/- 109 W and 119.5 +/- 7.0 vs 104.5 +/- 8.4 rev min-1, respectively; P less than 0.001). The LLV and LULV were also greater in men than in women (7.41 +/- 0.82 vs 5.19 +/- 0.85 l and 4.96 +/- 0.63 vs 3.35 +/- 0.62 l, respectively; P less than 0.001). The ratio standards OPP/LLV and OPP/LULV did not differ significantly between men and women (136.3 +/- 14.7 vs 131.0 +/- 20.6 W l-1 and 204.4 +/- 27.1 vs 204.4 +/- 37.0 W l-1, respectively; P greater than 0.05). Peak power output was related to each of the anthropometric indices in both men and women (LLV:r = 0.614 and 0.527, P less than 0.001; LULV:r = 0.489 and 0.396, P less than 0.01). Analysis of covariance revealed no significant differences between the groups in the variance about regression and the regression coefficients (P greater than 0.05), but the elevation of the regression lines did differ (P less than 0.001). The results suggest that there are differences between maximal exercise performance in men and women that are independent of estimated lean leg volume. They also demonstrate that, in this case, consideration of ratio standards is misleading and that a comparison of regression standards is more appropriate.
journal_name
J Sports Scijournal_title
Journal of sports sciencesauthors
Winter EM,Brookes FB,Hamley EJdoi
10.1080/02640419108729850subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-04-01 00:00:00pages
3-13issue
1eissn
0264-0414issn
1466-447Xjournal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:This series of four papers comprises a theoretical investigation into twisting somersaults. Both simple and complex mathematical models are used to provide an understanding of the mechanics of the production and removal of twist in somersaults. Various twisting techniques are evaluated and a method is developed for th...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640419308729985
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Indoor hockey is a highly competitive international sport, yet no research to date has investigated the key actions within this sport. As with outdoor field hockey, penalty corners represent one of the most likely situations in which goals can be scored. All 36 matches of the round-robin phase of the 2010-2011 England...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2012.757341
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the foot strike patterns (FSP), rearfoot position at initial contact (RPic, i.e., No INV/EVE) and foot rotation in children in relation to age. A total of 932 children aged 3 to 16 years participated in this study. A sagittal and frontal-plane video was recorded using a high-...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1507237
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated whether heart rate (HR)-derived parameters are accurate performance predictors in endurance recreational runners. One hundred thirty recreational athletes completed an incremental running test (4´running + 1´rest). After each stage, we recorded HR, % of maximum HR (%HRmax), and blood lactate. We also a...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1442185
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to compare selected physiological variables and performance markers of soldiers from two "elite" units of the British Army. Ten soldiers from each of the two units were recruited for this study (n = 20). All participants completed three tests while carrying a 20 kg backpack load: (1) a maxima...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410500230811
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In swimming relay races, various start techniques are performed by swimmers, but it remains unclear which technique leads to a better start performance. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to compare the kinematic characteristics of different relay start techniques with the new starting block Omega OSB11. ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1860296
更新日期：2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract：:A maximal multistage 20 m shuttle run test was designed to determine the maximal aerobic power of schoolchildren, healthy adults attending fitness class and athletes performing in sports with frequent stops and starts (e.g. basketball, fencing and so on). Subjects run back and forth on a 20 m course and must touch the...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640418808729800
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated changes in cardiorespiratory performance, BMI and leisure-time physical activity among Finnish adolescents from 2003 to 2010. In addition, we compared cardiorespiratory performance levels between normal weight and overweight adolescents, grouped according to their physical activity. Participants were a...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2014.951874
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine the influence of breathing frequency and tidal volume on resting heart rate variability in children aged 9 years (n = 29) and 16 years (n = 19). Heart rate variability was measured in four conditions: (1) without the control of ventilation followed at random by (2) a fixed breath...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/026404102317366663
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence and correlates of adolescents' resistance training (RT) skill competence. Participants were 548 adolescents (14.1 ± 0.5 years) from 16 schools in New South Wales, Australia. RT skills were assessed using the Resistance Training Skills Battery. Demographics, BMI, muscu...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2017.1370822
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The feasibility requirements of administering field-based cognitive assessments are rarely reported. We examined the feasibility of administering a group-based cognitive test battery in a school setting with older adolescents. Several types of reliability were also assessed in the control group. Preliminary efficacy a...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1756673
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to provide electromyographic feedback for (1) pedagogical advice in motor learning, (2) the ergonomics of materials choice and (3) competition. For these purposes: (1) EMG data were collected for the Stem Christie, the Stem Turn and the Parallel Christie (three basic ski initiation drills...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640419408732169
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Short-term changes in the blood leucocyte count after exercise are known to be dependent on the intensity of exercise performed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the duration of high-intensity exercise on changes in the leucocyte and platelet count during the early recovery period. On sep...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640419508732219
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated the effects of knee localised muscle damage on running kinematics at varying speeds. Nineteen young women (23.2 ± 2.8 years; 164 ± 8 cm; 53.6 ± 5.4 kg), performed a maximal eccentric muscle damage protocol (5 × 15) of the knee extensors and flexors of both legs at 60 rad · s(-1). Lower body kin...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2012.729135
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physical inactivity is proven to be a risk factor for non-communicable diseases and all-cost mortality. Public health policy recommends community settings worldwide such as the workplace to promote physical activity. Despite the growing prevalence of workplace team sports, studies have not synthesised their benefits w...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/02640414.2016.1158852
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We assessed the reliability and validity of a 10-min submaximal treadmill test (T10) to predict critical speed (CS). Forty-two runners completed a familiarization trial plus two experimental trials (T10 test and T10 retest). Reliability between the T10 test and T10 retest was assessed using coefficient of variation (C...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1847504
更新日期：2020-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Body image is an important concept when assessing mental health and, thus, a target for intervention work. The common approach to assess body image is via self-report and, consequently, it is important to assess stability and susceptibility of items to random change. Participants (N = 99, aged: 18-30 years) completed ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2015.1018930
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aims of the present study were to assess the maximal oxygen uptake and body composition of adult Chinese men and women, and to determine how these variables relate to age. The cross-sectional sample consisted of 196 men and 221 women aged 20 - 64 years. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was determined by indirect cal...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410701552658
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) cannot be used to evaluate participants taller than the scan area. We aimed to analyse the accuracy of bone mineral content, fat mass, and lean mass assessed with DXA whole-body scan and from the sum of two scans (head and trunk plus limbs). Participants were 31 athletes (13 male...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2012.734918
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study aimed to provide reference values for lower-limb muscle power assessed during the incremental jump squat (JS) test in elite athletes (i.e., professional athletes competing at international level). We pooled data from all JS tests performed by elite athletes of different sports in two high-performance...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1783150
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was undertaken to examine the acute effect of interferential current on mechanical pain threshold and isometric peak torque after delayed onset muscle soreness induction in human hamstrings. Forty-one physically active healthy male volunteers aged 18-33 years were randomly assigned to one of two experimenta...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640414.2012.672025
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research has shown that talented athletes outscore their mainstream peers on the basis of self-regulation. Although valuable, this does not tell us more about the distinction between good athletes and the best, which is a prerequisite in talent development. Therefore, we examined the self-regulatory skills of 222 male...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640411003797157
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study aimed to clarify the effects of oncoming target velocities on the ability of rapid force production and accuracy and variability of simultaneous control of both force production intensity and timing. Twenty male participants (age: 21.0 ± 1.4 years) performed rapid gripping with a handgrip dynamometer...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2016.1266017
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the relationship between multidimensional competitive state anxiety and cognitive (i.e. digit span) and motor (i.e. perceptuo-motor speed) subcomponents of performance in an experimental group of hockey players during the period leading up to an important hockey match, and also in a control group o...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640418908729843
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the perceived comfort, plantar pressure, and rearfoot motion between laced running shoes and elastic-covered running shoes. Fifteen male amateur runners participated in the study. Each participant was assigned laced running shoes and elastic-c...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2010.534805
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Collective efficacy research has begun to progress from simply trying to verify the relationship between collective efficacy and performance to examining the mechanisms through which collective efficacy impacts on performance. To test hypotheses concerning the impact of collective efficacy on group goal selection and ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410050074386
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to investigate deprivation and sex differences in selected health-relatedfitness measures in 9-12-year-old children. Data were captured on 3,407 children (49.3% boys; aged 10.5 ± 0.6 years). Cardiorespiratory fitness(20 m multistage shuttle run test; 20 m MSRT), muscular strength (handgrip strength) a...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2019.1681230
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study examined the "micro-structure" of football practice and the "macro-structure" of participation history of female professional football players. Participants were 29 German 1st league (Bundesliga) players, 14 of whom played on the senior national team (Olympic Champion in 2016). A questionnaire recorded the p...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1558744
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the relative age effect has been widely observed in youth sports (Musch & Grondin, 2001), it is unclear whether it generalizes across the lifespan. The purpose of this study was to examine the relative age effect among a population of Masters athletes using archived data. Two successive studies examined the f...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410601110128
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using a randomised cross-over design, free-living lunch intake and subjective appetite were examined in 10 children (9.8 ± 0.6 years) following high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus a control sedentary (SED) period, within a school setting. The 22-min HIIT took place during a regular PE lesson and consisted o...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640414.2017.1302599
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
