Abstract:
:Minimally invasive therapies for urolithiasis including extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, and percutaneous nephrostolithotomy are highly efficacious, yet expensive. Medical expulsive therapy offers a cost-effective, nonsurgical approach for appropriate patients with ureteral stones. The use of hormones, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, calcium channel blockers, corticosteroids, and adrenergic alpha antagonists all have been proposed as a way to enhance stone passage. In view of the available clinical trials and meta-analysis, patients with distal ureteral stones measuring 1 cm who are candidates for observation deserve a trial of medical expulsive therapy. Nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, and adrenergic alpha antagonists have been proven to be clinically efficacious, safe, and well tolerated as medical expulsive agents.
journal_name
Semin Nephroljournal_title
Seminars in nephrologyauthors
Sterrett SP,Nakada SYdoi
10.1016/j.semnephrol.2008.01.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-03-01 00:00:00pages
192-9issue
2eissn
0270-9295issn
1558-4488pii
S0270-9295(08)00027-2journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Cardio-Renal syndrome (CRS) is a common and complex clinical condition in which multiple causative factors are involved. The time window between renal insult and development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in acute heart failure (AHF) can be varied in different patients and AKI often is diagnosed too late, only when the ...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.11.015
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In patients with chronic kidney disease, an impaired capacity of the kidney to excrete sodium is a major contributor to hypertension. We discuss the role of sodium restriction and diuretic therapy for resistant hypertension in chronic kidney disease. Independent of increasing blood pressure, a sustained high sodium in...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.08.005
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Novel erythropoiesis stimulating protein (NESP) is a hyperglycosylated analogue of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) that stimulates erythropoiesis by the same mechanism as the native hormone. The addition of two extra carbohydrate chains, however, gives NESP greater metabolic stability in vivo, and its termin...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compelling evidence points to a role for IgA receptors in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. The soluble form of the type I IgA receptor (FcalphaRI or CD89) forms complexes with IgA that can be found in patients' serum and that initiate the disease in CD89 transgenic mice. A nonclassic IgA receptor, identified as th...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.10.010
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sphingolipids, including ceramides, glycosphingolipids, sphingomyelin, and sphingosine-1-phosphate, have been recognized as important molecules that regulate critical cellular functions. Although originally studied in the context of lysosomal storage diseases, the roles of these compounds in more common disorders invo...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.01.007
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell-based therapy, designed to promote angiogenesis and improve organ function, has been under investigation for the treatment of ischemic heart disease for more than 10 years. Although believed to work primarily by repairing the microvasculature, this form of therapy has not been examined in the setting of chronic k...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.07.012
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overweight and obesity are associated with arterial hypertension. Given the large increase in the obesity prevalence worldwide, the number of obese patients with hypertension is likely to increase substantially in the near future. Overweight and obese patients are exposed to an important metabolic and cardiovascular r...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.07.009
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In chronic kidney disease (CKD), the progressive decrease in renal function leads to disturbances of mineral metabolism that generally cause secondary hyperparathyroidism. The increase in serum parathyroid hormone is associated with reduced serum calcium and calcitriol levels and/or increased serum fibroblast growth f...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.02.004
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The first aldosterone blocker, spironolactone, initially was used as a diuretic but was accompanied by a significant amount of side effects that necessitated the withdrawal of the drug in a relevant number of patients. The discovery of the many receptor-mediated actions of aldosterone in several different organs great...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.04.005
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arrhythmia issues arise frequently in the renal disease population, spanning the spectrum from benign ectopy to sustained arrhythmias. Studies adding to our understanding of arrhythmias and advances in technology have revolutionized the way we deal with many arrhythmias. In dealing with ventricular tachyarrhythmias, r...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/snep.2001.18379
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Premature menopause defined as secondary amenorrhea is common in women with kidney disease. Moreover, the aging population has resulted in increasing numbers of postmenopausal women with kidney disease. Though the pathophysiology is poorly understood, kidney transplantation and more frequent hemodialysis can restore m...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2017.05.013
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::At present the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy remains unresolved. Clearly lack of insulin, with its associated disorders of carbohydrate, protein, and/or lipid metabolism, initiates the process which eventually leads to the characteristic histologic picture of diabetic nephropathy. The disturbance in cellular me...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Before the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, more than 40% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children experienced renal complications. In sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 2.1 million children are infected with HIV-1. In the absence of antiretroviral therapy, young African children frequently d...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2008.09.001
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is a new disease whose incidence has peaked and receded over the past decade. It occurs in the presence of significant renal impairment, either acute or chronic (MDRD creatinine clearance of <30 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), and is associated with the administration of gadolinium-based contrast (GBC...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.05.010
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophages have long been regarded as classic mediators of innate immunity because of their production of proinflammatory cytokines and their ability to induce apoptotic cell death. As a result of such activities and the detrimental long-term effect of kidney inflammation, macrophages principally have been regarded a...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2010.03.011
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous pathological processes are involved in the renal tubulointerstitial fibrogenic reaction that occurs after ureteral ligation. Central to these maladaptive events is a florid interstitial monocytic infiltration of the tubulointerstitium, which is preceded by a proximal tubular up-regulation of macrophage chemoa...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The important role of hyperglycemia in the genesis of diabetic renal disease has been strengthened by tissue culture studies, experimental animal models, and clinical trials. A mechanistic understanding of the cellular and biochemical processes that link hyperglycemia with the development of diabetic nephropathy is in...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by a combination of arterial and/or venous thrombosis, pregnancy morbidity, and the persistent presence of circulating antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). APS has been described as primary APS when it occurs in the absence of any featur...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2015.08.009
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), the single most common cause of end-stage renal failure in seropositive patients, has increased in incidence by 30% each year since 1991. Occurring almost exclusively in blacks, HIVAN became the third leading cause of ESRD in blacks, ages 20 to 64, in ...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent breakthroughs in genomics have led to a critical reappraisal of factors once thought to initiate common complex forms of kidney disease. The tenet that diabetes mellitus and hypertension routinely initiate kidney disease whenever blood glucose concentrations or systemic blood pressures reach critical levels for...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2010.01.002
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Initially described in 1984, human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) has now become a common disease within the HIV-seropositive population. It is a focal segmental glomerulosclerosis causing rapid deterioration of renal function. It is the most common cause of chronic renal disease in HIV patients...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/snep.2003.50018
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Membranous nephropathy remains the most common cause of the nephrotic syndrome in adults. Most patients do well with long-term natural history studies reporting a 10-year renal survival of 70% to 90% but the remainder progress to end stage renal failure. This plus the associated morbidity of those with persistent high...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our understanding of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis has developed greatly since the discovery of ANCA, directed against neutrophil components, in 1982. Observations in human disease, and increasingly sophisticated studies in vitro and in rodent models in vivo, have allowed a nuanced u...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2017.05.016
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::By analogy to the findings with other transport disorders such as Bartter's or Liddle's syndrome, it might be expected that the various forms of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) could result from defects in H-ATPase or H-K-ATPase. However, the available data do not yet support such a simple explanation. With regard to dis...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In aggregate, the evidence reviewed here supports a very important role for PDGF expression and action at local glomerular and interstitial sites in human kidney development and disease. PDGF delivered by platelets, or produced by endogenous cells of the kidney is capable of stimulating responses including proliferati...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kidney plays a critical role in regulating water homeostasis through specific proteins highly expressed in the kidney, called aquaporins, allowing water permeation at a high rate. This brief review focuses on some nephropathies associated with impaired urinary concentrating ability and in particular analyzes the r...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2008.03.007
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute ingestion of protein and intravenous infusion of amino acids are known to stimulate increases in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in animals and humans. Although some investigators believe that these changes are mediated by a circulating hormonal factor, there is considerable evidence that i...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract anatomy (CAKUT) are common in children and represent approximately 30% of all prenatally diagnosed malformations. CAKUT is phenotypically variable and can affect the kidney(s) alone and/or the lower urinary tract. The spectrum includes more common anomalies such as ...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2010.06.004
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP) is a free, community-based, kidney disease screening program designed to detect chronic kidney disease (CKD) early and promote follow-up evaluation with clinicians to ultimately improve outcomes. This program screens individuals with diabetes, hypertension, or those with a fi...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2009.10.004
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substantial progress has been made in the application of computer-driven methods to provide erythropoietic dosing information for patients with anemia resulting from chronic kidney disease. Initial solutions were simply computerized versions of traditional paper-based anemia management protocols. True personalization ...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.05.010
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00