Abstract:
:Ecological theory predicts that generalist predators should damp or suppress long-term periodic fluctuations (cycles) in their prey populations and depress their average densities. However, the magnitude of these impacts is likely to vary depending on the availability of alternative prey species and the nature of ecological mechanisms driving the prey cycles. These multispecies effects can be modeled explicitly if parameterized functions relating prey consumption to prey abundance, and realistic population dynamical models for the prey, are available. These requirements are met by the interaction between the Hen Harrier (Circus cyaneus) and three of its prey species in the United Kingdom, the Meadow Pipit (Anthus pratensis), the field vole (Microtus agrestis), and the Red Grouse (Lagopus lagopus scoticus). We used this system to investigate how the availability of alternative prey and the way in which prey dynamics are modeled might affect the behavior of simple trophic networks. We generated cycles in one of the prey species (Red Grouse) in three different ways: through (1) the interaction between grouse density and macroparasites, (2) the interaction between grouse density and male grouse aggressiveness, and (3) a generic, delayed density-dependent mechanism. Our results confirm that generalist predation can damp or suppress grouse cycles, but only when the densities of alternative prey are low. They also demonstrate that diametrically opposite indirect effects between pairs of prey species can occur together in simple systems. In this case, pipits and grouse are apparent competitors, whereas voles and grouse are apparent facilitators. Finally, we found that the quantitative impacts of the predator on prey density differed among the three models of prey dynamics, and these differences were robust to uncertainty in parameter estimation and environmental stochasticity.
journal_name
Ecologyjournal_title
Ecologyauthors
Matthiopoulos J,Graham K,Smout S,Asseburg C,Redpath S,Thirgood S,Hudson P,Harwood Jdoi
10.1890/06-0483.1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-10-01 00:00:00pages
2576-86issue
10eissn
0012-9658issn
1939-9170journal_volume
88pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ECOLOGY文献大全abstract::The need to model and test hypotheses about complex ecological systems has led to a steady increase in use of path analytical techniques, which allow the modeling of multiple multivariate dependencies reflecting hypothesized causation and mechanisms. The aim is to achieve the estimation of direct, indirect, and total ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/11-1899.1
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Savannas are characterized by a competitive tension between grasses and trees, and theoretical models illustrate how this competitive tension is influenced by resource availability, competition for these resources, and disturbances. How this universe of theoretical possibilities translates into the real world is, howe...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/08-1368.1
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although canopy height has long been a focus of interest in ecology, it has remained difficult to study at large spatial scales. Recently, satellite-borne LiDAR equipment produced the first systematic high resolution maps of vegetation height worldwide. Here we show that this new resource reveals three marked modes in...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1470
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Climatic extremes, such as severe drought, are expected to increase in frequency and magnitude with climate change. Thus, identifying mechanisms of resilience is critical to predicting the vulnerability of ecosystems. An exceptional drought ( journal_title:Ecology pub_type: 杂志文章 doi:10.1002/ecy.2983 更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The input of external energy and matter in recipient ecosystems can act as a bottom-up force that subsidizes consumers, with subsequent cascading effects throughout the food web. Depending on the amount of input, dietary preference, and the strength of trophic links, allochthonous resources generally play a stabilizin...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.3074
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Empirical tests of the resource dispersion hypothesis (RDH), a theory to explain group living based on resource heterogeneity, have been complicated by the fact that resource patch dispersion and richness have proved difficult to define and measure in natural systems. Here, we studied the ecology of African lions Pant...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/12-0018.1
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accurately evaluating the strengths of direct (i.e., consumptive and non-consumptive) effects and indirect (density- and trait-mediated) interactions is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of the maintenance and dynamics of an ecosystem. However, an in situ evaluation has not been conducted for a long enough peri...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1743
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To elucidate the factors that affect the performance of plants in their natural environment, it is essential to study interactions with other neighboring plants, as well as with above- and belowground higher trophic organisms. We used a long-term field experiment to study how local plant community diversity influenced...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2002:ibsjap]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Megaherbivores and small burrowing mammals commonly coexist and play important functional roles in grassland ecosystems worldwide. The interactive effects of these two functional groups of herbivores in shaping the structure and function of grassland ecosystems are poorly understood. In North America's central grassla...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/09-1277.1
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive plants are considered a major cause of ecosystem degradation worldwide. While their impacts on native plants have been widely reported, there is little information on how these impacts propagate through food webs and affect species at higher trophic levels. Using a quantitative food web approach we evaluated ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/08-2092.1
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A central challenge in ecology is to understand the interplay of internal and external controls on the growth of populations. We examined the effects of temporal variation in weather and spatial variation in vegetation on the strength of density dependence in populations of large herbivores. We fit three subsets of th...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/05-0355
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the oceans cover 70% of the Earth's surface and the open ocean is by far the largest ecosystem on the planet, our knowledge regarding diversity patterns of pelagic fauna is very scarce. Here, we examine large-scale latitudinal and depth-related patterns of pelagic cephalopod richness in the Atlantic Ocean in ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/08-0638.1
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An individual's competitive ability is often dependent on its size, but the methods commonly used to analyze plant competition experiments generally assume that the outcome of interactions are size independent. A method for the analysis of experiments with paired competition treatments based on nonlinear regression wi...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[1452:anratt]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Community and biogeographic surveys often conclude that plant-pollinator interactions are highly generalized. Thus, a central implication of the pollination syndrome concept, that floral trait evolution occurs primarily via specialized interactions of plants with their pollinators, has been questioned. However, broad ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/08-1141.1
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abstract. Immigration and local recruitment play a central role in determining the growth rate of breeding populations. Unraveling these processes in newly established pop- ulations is of great importance to increase our understanding of how species change their distributions in response to global change. We studied t...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/14-2462.1
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whether different sources of mortality are additive, compensatory, or depensatory is a key question in population biology. A way to test for additivity is to calculate the correlation between cause-specific mortality rates obtained from marked animals. However, existing methods to estimate this correlation raise sever...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/09-1931.1
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A principal impact of invasive species is that they reduce local species richness. However, it is unknown whether the magnitude of the richness decrease has been consistent over the past two decades of published research. We used cumulative meta-analysis to synthesize evidence from 240 articles evaluating whether this...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1002/ecy.3082
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used tree ring data (AD 1601-2007) to examine the occurrence of and climatic influences on spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) outbreaks in south-central and southwest Alaska and found evidence of regional-scale outbreaks dating from the mid-1700s, related to climate variability at multiple temporal scales. Ove...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/10-1118.1
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth and nutrient uptake of red oak seedlings were studied under conditions simulating a forest understory. The tallest seedlings grew in 30% of full light; seedlings in full light had the greatest dry weight accumulation. Seedlings in full light had an average height of 9.7 inches, and those at 30% and 10% light av...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2307/1934157
更新日期:1971-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Responses to proximate cues that directly affect fitness or cues directly released by selective agents are well-documented forms of phenotypic plasticity. For example, to reduce predation risk, prey change phenotype in response to light level (e.g., moon phase) when light affects predation risk from visual predators, ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/12-2250.1
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of pathogens on host fitness is one of the key questions in infection ecology. Hantaviruses have coevolved with their hosts and are generally thought to have little or no effect on host survival or reproduction. We examined the effect of Puumala virus (PUUV) infection on the winter survival of bank voles...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-1620.1
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a lengthy debate on whether the abundance of adult reef fishes depends on prerecruitment or postrecruitment processes; however, we still do not have the ability to predict the magnitude of local fish recruitment. Here we show that the success of the leopard grouper (Mycteroperca rosacea) recruitment in ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0857.1
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple direct correlation analysis of individual counts between different populations often fails to characterize the true nature of population interactions; however, the most common data type available for population studies is count data, and one of the most important objectives in population and community ecology...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-1270.1
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theory predicts that reproduction will change as individuals near the end of their lives by either increasing reproductive allocation (terminal allocation hypothesis) or decreasing allocation (senescence hypothesis) toward the end of life. Although senescence has received more support, few studies examine how both age...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1851
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lichens are reputedly slow growing and become unhealthy or die in response to supplements of the usual limiting resources, such as water and nitrogen. We found, however, that the tripartite cyanobacterial lichen Lobaria pulmonaria doubled in annual biomass growth after a single 20-minute immersion in a phosphorus solu...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/08-0344.1
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent work has shown a potential role for both host plant genotype and spatial context in structuring insect communities. In this study, we use three separate data sets on herbivorous insects on oak (Quercus robur) to estimate the relative effects of host plant genotype (G), location (E), and the G x E interaction on...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/09-1027.1
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Indirect biotic interactions play a crucial role in structuring ecological communities, but many of these interactions have not been explored. Algal competition and corallivory are two major stressors contributing to the decline of coral reefs. Here, we provide the first evidence of algal-induced corallivory and syner...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/12-0680.1
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seed predation is an important biotic filter that can influence abundance and spatial distributions of native species through differential effects on recruitment. This filter may also influence the relative abundance of nonnative plants within habitats and the communities' susceptibility to invasion via differences in...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/13-1774.1
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Temperature imposes a constraint on the rates and outcomes of ecological processes that determine community- and ecosystem-level patterns. The application of metabolic scaling theory has advanced our understanding of the influence of temperature on pattern and process in marine communities. Metabolic scaling theory us...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/14-1954.1
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The consequences of declining biodiversity remain controversial, in part because many studies focus on a single metric of ecosystem functioning and fail to consider diversity's integrated effects on multiple ecosystem functions. We used tide pool microcosms as a model system to show that different conclusions about th...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2397:sdenuv]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00