Abstract:
:Theory predicts that reproduction will change as individuals near the end of their lives by either increasing reproductive allocation (terminal allocation hypothesis) or decreasing allocation (senescence hypothesis) toward the end of life. Although senescence has received more support, few studies examine how both age and years to death influence late-life reproduction. We used a 37-yr study of Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia) to ask how age and years to death influenced reproductive allocation late in life. We observed both senescence and terminal allocation, and that age and years to death interacted to influence individual variation in allocation tactics. In particular, we observed a decline in allocation in older individuals (senescence), but only when comparing individuals with the same number of years to death. Likewise, we observed terminal allocation, but only in young females. Reproductive tactics were most variable in young females, with many exerting high effort but living 1-2 yr, and others exerting low effort annually and living longer. Our results suggest that late-life reproductive tactics are influenced by both chronological age and years to death, and that short- and long-lived females with differing reproductive tactics exist within this population of Song Sparrows.
journal_name
Ecologyjournal_title
Ecologyauthors
Tarwater CE,Arcese Pdoi
10.1002/ecy.1851subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-09-01 00:00:00pages
2248-2254issue
9eissn
0012-9658issn
1939-9170journal_volume
98pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ECOLOGY文献大全abstract::Black spruce (Picea mariana) is the most abundant tree species in the boreal biome, but little is known about how climate warming may change recruitment in peatlands, especially those affected by permafrost thaw. We used results from a seven-year study in northern Manitoba, Canada, to address the following questions: ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/08-1839.1
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although invasive species can have substantial impacts on animal communities, cases of invasive species facilitating native species by removing their predators have rarely been demonstrated across vertebrate trophic linkages. The predictable spread of the invasive cane toad (Rhinella marina), however, offered a unique...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/14-1332.1
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth of soil microorganisms is often described as carbon limited, and adding labile carbon to soil often results in a transient and large increase in respiration. In contrast, soil microbial biomass changes little, suggesting that growth and respiration are decoupled in response to a carbon pulse. Alternatively, mea...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2887
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Feeding fronts are a striking pattern of spatial distribution observed in both marine and terrestrial ecological systems. These fronts not only determine the abundance and distribution of prey populations, but on a broader scale they may also affect the structure and dynamics of entire communities. Several mechanisms ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-0643.1
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lianas (woody vines) are an important and dynamic component of many forests throughout the world, and increases in CO2, mean winter temperature, and forest fragmentation may promote their growth and proliferation in temperate forests. In this study, we used a 45-year data set to test the hypothesis that lianas have in...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2973:tdolat]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Latitudinal patterns of nonnative species richness suggest fewer successful invasions in the tropics, relative to temperate regions. One main hypothesis for this pattern is that biotic resistance to invasion is stronger in the tropics than at higher latitudes. Biotic resistance can limit the distribution and abundance...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/12-1382.1
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The contribution of interspecific competition to structuring population and community dynamics remains controversial and poorly tested. Interspecific competition has long been thought to influence the structure of migrant-resident bird communities in winter, yet experimental evidence remains elusive. The arrival of bi...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.3208
更新日期:2020-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::Flowering sex ratios of dioecious plants are commonly male-biased but rarely female-biased. While greater costs of reproduction from females have been repeatedly demonstrated and explain male biases, male reproductive costs almost never exceed female costs, making the origins of female biases enigmatic. I investigated...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/09-0685.1
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydraulic traits are important for woody plant functioning and distribution. Associations among hydraulic traits, other leaf and stem traits, and species' performance are relatively well understood for trees, but remain poorly studied for lianas. We evaluated the coordination among hydraulic efficiency (i.e., maximum ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2666
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research examining the relationship between community diversity and invasions by nonnative species has raised new questions about the theory and management of biological invasions. Ecological theory predicts, and small-scale experiments confirm, lower levels of nonnative species invasion into species-rich compared to ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-0270.1
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Predators can impact ecosystems through consumptive or risk effects on prey. Physiologically, risk effects can be mediated by energetic mechanisms or stress responses. The predation-stress hypothesis predicts that risk induces stress in prey, which can affect survival and reproduction. However, empirical support for t...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2049
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, terrestrial food web theory has been compartmentalized into interactions among aboveground or belowground communities. In this study we took a more synthetic approach to understanding food web interactions by simultaneously examining four trophic levels and investigating how nutrient (nitrogen and carbon...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[1542:nstbmi]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Grazing, fire, and climate shape mesic grassland communities. With global change altering all three factors, understanding how grasslands respond to changes in these combined drivers may aid in projecting future changes in grassland ecosystems. We manipulated rainfall and simulated grazing (clipping) in two long-term ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/13-0526.1
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased incorporation of terrestrial organic matter (t-OM) into consumer biomass (allochthony) is believed to reduce growth capacity. In this study, we examined the relationship between crustacean zooplankton allochthony and production in a boreal lake that displays strong seasonal variability in t-OM inputs. Contra...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.3013
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forests play an influential role in the global carbon (C) cycle, storing roughly half of terrestrial C and annually exchanging with the atmosphere more than five times the carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emitted by anthropogenic activities. Yet, scaling up from field-based measurements of forest C stocks and fluxes to understan...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2229
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant-root-associated microbes influence plant phenotype and tolerance to environmental stress, and thus have been hypothesized to play a role in plant local adaptation. Here, we test this hypothesis with factorial experiments addressing the role of microbes in local adaptation of Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.3092
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Population context should influence pollination success and selection on floral display in animal-pollinated plants because attraction of pollinators depends not only on the characteristics of individual plants, but also on the attractiveness of co-occurring conspecifics. The insect-pollinated herb Primula farinosa is...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2113:fiaihw]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The debate about the value of the allometric scaling exponent (b) relating metabolic rate to body mass (metabolic rate = a x mass(b)) is ongoing, with published evidence both for and against a 3/4-power scaling law continuing to accumulate. However, this debate often revolves around a dichotomous distinction between t...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1890/05-1883
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Greater resource use by diverse communities might result from species occupying complementary niches. Demonstrating niche complementarity among species is challenging, however, due to the difficulty in relating differences between species in particular traits to their use of complementary resources. Here, we overcame ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/12-0188.1
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) and ice is well established, with sea ice influencing penguin populations through a variety of processes operating at different spatial and temporal scales. To further explain the relationship between sea ice and Adélie Penguin reproductive performance, we ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/08-0011.1
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theory has recognized a combination of niche and neutral processes each contributing, with varying importance, to species coexistence. However, long-term persistence of rare species has been difficult to produce in trait-based models of coexistence that incorporate stochastic dynamics, raising questions about how rare...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/11-1087.1
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Classical approaches for the analyses of density dependence assume that all the individuals in a population equally respond and equally contribute to density dependence. However, in age-structured populations, individuals of different ages may differ in their responses to changes in population size and how they contri...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1442
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Variation is an essential feature of biological populations, yet much of ecological theory treats individuals as though they are identical. This simplifying assumption is often justified by the perception that variation among individuals does not have significant effects on the dynamics of whole populations. However, ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/15-0914
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individual growth rates and survival are major determinants of individual fitness, population size structure, and community dynamics. The relationships between growth rate, survival, and temperature may thus be important for predicting biological responses to climate change. Although it is well known that growth rates...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/13-0875.1
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theory of invasion ecology indicates that the number of invading individuals (propagule size) and the timing of invasion are important for invasion success. Propagule size affects establishment success due to an Allee effect and the effect of demographic stochasticity, whereas the timing of invasion does so via niche ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/13-1527.1
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many terrestrial plant and marine benthic communities involve intense competition for space as a means to survive and reproduce. Superior competitors can dominate other species numerically with high reproductive rates, indirectly with high growth rates that facilitate space acquisition, or directly with competitive ov...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/14-0403.1
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological models concerned with the control of malaria using interventions such as bed nets and vaccines increasingly incorporate realistic aspects of malaria biology. The increasing complexity of these models limits their ability to abstract ecological processes and to address questions on the regulation of pop...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/08-1022.1
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Random walks are used to model movement in a wide variety of contexts: from the movement of cells undergoing chemotaxis to the migration of animals. In a two-dimensional biased random walk, the diffusion about the mean drift position is entirely dependent on the moments of the angular distribution used to determine th...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/09-1729.1
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herbivores are often implicated in the generation of the extraordinarily diverse tropical flora. One hypothesis linking enemies to plant diversification posits that the evolution of novel defenses allows plants to escape their enemies and expand their ranges. When range expansion involves entering a new habitat type, ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/12-1920.1
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Local species diversity is maintained over ecological time by a balance between dispersal and species interactions. Local-regional species richness relationships are often used to investigate the relative importance of these two processes and the scales at which they operate. For communities undergoing succession, the...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/11-1797.1
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00