Abstract:
:G protein-coupled receptors are one of the most actively studied families of proteins. However, despite the ubiquity of protein dimerization and oligomerization as a structural and functional motif in biology, until the last decade they were generally considered as monomeric, non-interacting polypeptides. For the metabotropic glutamate-like group of G protein-coupled receptors, it is now firmly established that they exist and function as dimers or, potentially, even within higher-order structures. Despite some evidence continuing to support the view that rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptors are predominantly monomers, many recent studies are consistent with the dimerization/oligomerization of such receptors. Key roles suggested for dimerization of G protein-coupled receptors include control of protein maturation and cell surface delivery and providing the correct framework for interactions with both hetero-trimeric G proteins and arrestins to allow signal generation and its termination. As G protein-coupled receptors are the most targeted group of proteins for the development of therapeutic small molecule medicines, recent indications that hetero-dimerization between co-expressed G protein-coupled receptors may be a common process offers the potential for the development of more selective and tissue restricted medicines. However, many of the key experiments have, so far, been limited to model cell systems. Priorities for the future include the generation of tools and reagents able to identify unequivocally potential G protein-coupled receptor hetero-dimers in native tissues and detailed analyses of the influence of hetero-dimerization on receptor function and pharmacology.
journal_name
Br J Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of pharmacologyauthors
Milligan Gdoi
10.1038/sj.bjp.0707490subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-03-01 00:00:00pages
S216-29eissn
0007-1188issn
1476-5381pii
0707490journal_volume
153 Suppl 1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::1. Alprenolol, a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug reported to have the same potency as propranolol in vitro and in vivo, was found to be four times more active than procaine as a local anaesthetic on frog sciatic nerve.2. At doses of 0.125 mg/kg and above alprenolol protected anaesthetized guinea-pigs against ouabain-i...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1970.tb09884.x
更新日期:1970-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resting blood flow, arterio-venous glucose and oxygen (A-V)O2 differences, glucose uptake and oxygen consumption by a segment of the upper jejunum were measured in anaesthetized dogs. Systemic arterial pressure was also measured. The effect of nicotine infusion (25 micrograms kg-1 i.v., over 10 min) on these measureme...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1985.tb11078.x
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacological activity of N-[2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy) ethyl]-2-(2-methoxyphenoxy) ethanaminium chloride (ACC-7513) was determined in isolated smooth and cardiac muscle and its effect on blood pressure and heart rate assessed in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). ACC-7513 was found to be a potent alpha-adr...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1985.tb17373.x
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated whether 10 days' in vivo treatment with nitroglycerine (NTG) would inhibit nitric oxide production by the endothelial cells of resistance arteries ex vivo and, if so, what the underlying mechanism might be. ACh increased the intracellular nitric oxide concentration ([NO]i; estimated using the nitric ox...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706365
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. It has been reported that activation of beta-adrenoceptors may be responsible for the hyperaemic response of the hepatic artery to portal venous blood flow reduction. 2. The effect of beta-adrenoceptor blockade on the hepatic arterial response to portal vein occlusion was investigated in 6 anaesthetized dogs. A sid...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1989.tb11825.x
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Hepatic encephalopathy is a neuropsychiatric disorder of complex pathogenesis caused by acute or chronic liver failure. We investigated the effects of cannabidiol, a non-psychoactive constituent of Cannabis sativa with anti-inflammatory properties that activates the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01179.x
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The role of vasoconstrictor 5-HT1-like receptors in the control of vascular reactivity in vivo has been relatively little studied, particularly with regards to venous function. Using an anaesthetized dog model, we have investigated the haemodynamic profile of the selective 5-HT1-like agonist, sumatriptan, focussing...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb15055.x
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Microinjection of peptide YY (PYY, 7-46 pmol) into the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) stimulated gastric acid secretion in urethane-anaesthetized rats. Using a variety of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and PYY derivatives, we characterized the pharmacological profile of the receptor mediating the acid secretory response to PYY. ...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0701767
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been shown to be involved in the asthmatic disease as well in preclinical mouse experimental models of this disease. The aim of this study was to understand the mechanism(s) underlying S1P effects on the lung. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:BALB/c, mast cell-deficient an...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bph.13033
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To establish that bradykinin is formed in the heart we measured bradykinin in the venous effluent from rat isolated hearts perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer. In addition, we examined the effect on bradykinin outflow of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, ramiprilat. From rat isolated normoxic hearts ...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb12797.x
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Tyramine 10(-4)M significantly increased release of noradrenaline-7-(3)H (NA-7-(3)H) from rat vas deferens in vitro.2. Neither cocaine 10(-5)M nor imipramine 10(-7)M-10(-6)M significantly reduced tyramine-induced release of NA-7-(3)H.3. Increasing the exposure time to cocaine and imipramine from 10 to 20 min or pre...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1969.tb08305.x
更新日期:1969-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Iridoid glycosides containing the double bond scaffold of cyclopentapyran are reversible and orthosteric agonists of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors and exert anti-nociceptive and neuroprotective actions. Morroniside, derived from the medicinal herb Cornus officinalis, is an atypical se...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bph.13720
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. In circular muscle strips of the fundus and corpus of guinea-pig stomach, mechanical responses to catecholamines were studied mainly in the presence of a prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibitor, meclofenamate. 2. Normal preparations developed considerable muscle tone, and adrenaline (10-100 microM) in the presence of ...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1990.tb14162.x
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The effect on membrane currents of infection of mouse neuroblastoma NA cells with rabies virus was studied by using the whole-cell patch clamp technique. 2. Three types of membrane currents, namely voltage-dependent Na+ current (I(Na)), delayed rectifier K+ current (I(K-DR)) and inward rectifier K+ current (I(K-IR)...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0702473
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The sulphonylureas, tolbutamide (0.1-10 mM) and glibenclamide (0.1-100 microM) shown not to inhibit ATP-K+ channel currents when applied to inside-out membrane patches excised from rat cultured cerebral cortex or freshly-dispersed ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMHN) neurones. 2. Saturable binding sites for [3H...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1990.tb14116.x
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The responses of bladder strips from control, streptozotocin-diabetic, and sucrose-drinking rats to electrical field stimulation were investigated. Sucrose-drinking rats were included as additional controls because they have enlarged bladders as a result of non-diabetic diuresis. 2. Bladder strips from diabetic rat...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1994.tb16193.x
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Alterations in the tyrosine kinase enzyme RET are found in thyroid and lung cancer. While RET TK inhibitors (TKIs) are used to treat thyroid cancer and are in clinical trials for RET fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer, the impact of mutations in the RET kinase domain on drug sensitivity i...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bph.14395
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) caused concentration-dependent relaxation in precontracted segments of trachea, hilar bronchus, intrapulmonary bronchus and intrapulmonary artery (IPA) isolated from cat lungs. VIP-induced relaxation responses were abolished by preincubation of tissues with the proteolytic enzyme, a...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1984.tb10766.x
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. In some asthmatics, muscarinic receptor antagonists are effective in limiting bronchoconstrictor response, suggesting an abnormal cholinergic drive in these subjects. There is a growing body of evidences indicating that cholinergic neurotransmission is also enhanced by endothelin-1 (ET-1) in rabbit bronchi, mouse t...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0704395
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Core and tail skin temperature was measured in rats which had guide cannulae implanted into their brains to allow drug injections directly into the preoptic anterior hypothalamus. 2 Apomorphine and dopamine (10 microgram in 1 microliter) injected into the area of the preoptic anterior hypothalamus caused a fall in c...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1977.tb09742.x
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is increased in patients with sickle cell disease and may contribute to the development of sickle cell nephropathy. The current study was designed to determine whether ET-1 acting via the ETA receptor contributes to renal injury in a mouse model of sickle cell disease. EXPERI...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bph.13380
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Very highly purified (greater than 100,000 u/mg) slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) has been prepared by reversed phase high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) techniques. 2 High resolution liquid chromatography suggests that SRS-A may exist in at least three distinct forms which are possible tautome...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1980.tb10696.x
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The effects of dopamine on vasoconstrictor responses to field stimulation of sympathetic nerves and to exogenous noradrenaline were studied in the isolated ear artery of the rabbit. Responses to noradrenaline were unchanged at the start of the dopamine infusions but were enhanced as the infusions continued and also...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1978.tb17314.x
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Mechanical and electrical responses to stimulation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves were compared in the trachea isolated from normal guinea-pigs and from guinea-pigs sensitized to albumin and exposed repeatedly to inhaled albumin (a model of bronchial asthma). 2 Sensitized trachealis exhibited mechanic...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1987.tb11385.x
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Methylene blue (MB) is commonly employed as a treatment for methaemoglobinaemia, malaria and vasoplegic shock. An increasing number of studies indicate that MB can cause 5-HT toxicity when administered with a 5-HT reuptake inhibitor. MB is a potent inhibitor of monoamine oxidases, but other targe...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01462.x
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Besides its antimuscarinic effects, propiverine may possess an additional mode of action. We compared the effects of propiverine, three of its metabolites (M-5, M-6, M-14) and atropine in human, pig and mouse urinary bladder preparations in order to elucidate the nature of a possible additional mode of action. 2. L...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706244
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Glucocorticoids appear to control Na⁺ absorption in pulmonary epithelial cells via a mechanism dependent upon serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1), a kinase that allows control over the surface abundance of epithelial Na⁺ channel subunits (α-, β- and γ-ENaC). However, not all data s...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01860.x
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Under normal experimental conditions, the rabbit isolated distal saphenous artery appears to contain a homogeneous population of postjunctional alpha 1-adrenoceptors. Prazosin competitively antagonized responses to noradrenaline (NA) with a pA2 value of 8.6, while a relatively high concentration of rauwolscine (1 m...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1991.tb09815.x
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Idioventricular rate responses and adrenoceptor number have been examined in normal Langendorff hearts perfused at 70 cmH2O and in 'ischaemic' hearts perfused at 10 cmH2O. 2. In hearts perfused at normal pressure, ventricular rate responses to phenylephrine in the presence of propranolol were biphasic with low conc...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1990.tb15860.x
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Burimamide injected intravenously in the anaesthetized or conscious cat produced significant increases in gastric acid secretion: in the anaesthetized cat it produced increased gastric mucosal blood flow. 2 Metiamide, in doses which inhibited pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion, produced no increase in gastric ac...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1975.tb07361.x
更新日期:1975-02-01 00:00:00