Abstract:
:The nature of nutrient limitation in large areas of temperate forest may be changing due to human activities. As N availability in these forests increases, other nutrients could increasingly constrain productivity and other ecosystem processes. To determine the nature of nutrient limitation (N, P, and Ca) in forest soils exhibiting differing N availability, we conducted three field studies in the Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia, USA. The first used a ubiquitous herbaceous species, Viola rotundifolia, to compare indices of N availability to the activity of root-associated phosphomonoesterase (PME) activity at two spatial scales. The second study used fertilized, root in-growth cores to assess the extent of N, P, and Ca limitation. Finally, we measured the root-associated PME activity of V. rotundifolia growing in experimental plots that have received various combinations of nutrient additions and harvest treatments. For entire watersheds, stream water nitrate concentrations were positively related to PME activities (R2 = 0.986). For small plots, PME activities were positively associated with soil nitrate availability (R2 = 0.425), and to a lesser extent with the leaf N concentrations (R2 = 0.291). Root growth into microsites fertilized with P was greater than growth into microsites fertilized with either N or Ca, especially in watersheds with high N availability. Experimental additions of N increased the root-associated PME activity of V. rotundifolia, supporting the causality of the relationship between N availability and PME activity. Collectively, our results indicate that, as N availability increases, P becomes increasingly limiting at the sites examined. Understanding how nutrient limitations change during N saturation should improve ecosystem models and better inform our attempts to mitigate any undesired effects.
journal_name
Ecologyjournal_title
Ecologyauthors
Gress SE,Nichols TD,Northcraft CC,Peterjohn WTdoi
10.1890/0012-9658(2007)88[119:nlised]2.0.co;2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-01 00:00:00pages
119-30issue
1eissn
0012-9658issn
1939-9170journal_volume
88pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ECOLOGY文献大全abstract::The size of the regional species pool may influence local patterns of diversity. However, it is unclear whether certain spatial scales are less sensitive to regional influences than others. Additive partitioning was used to separate coral-dwelling fish diversity to its alpha and beta components, at multiple scales, in...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-1464.1
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Megaherbivores and small burrowing mammals commonly coexist and play important functional roles in grassland ecosystems worldwide. The interactive effects of these two functional groups of herbivores in shaping the structure and function of grassland ecosystems are poorly understood. In North America's central grassla...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/09-1277.1
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ecological drivers of soil biodiversity in the Southern Hemisphere remain underexplored. Here, in a continental survey comprising 647 sites, across 58 degrees of latitude between tropical Australia and Antarctica, we evaluated the major ecological patterns in soil biodiversity and relative abundance of ecological ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2137
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spatial distribution of species is not random; instead, individuals tend to gather, resulting in a non-random pattern. Previous studies used the independent negative binomial distribution (NBD) to model the distributional aggregation of a single species, in which the independence of the distribution of individuals...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2544
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A longstanding problem in ecology is whether structured life cycles impede or facilitate coexistence between species. Theory based on populations with only two discrete stages in the life-cycle indicates that for two species to coexist, at least one must shift its niche between stages and each species must be a better...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1969
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paleorecords provide information on past environmental variability, and help define ecological reference conditions by means of changes in their characteristics (accumulation rate, geochemical composition, density, etc.). A measure of temporal dissimilarity, which has traditionally been used in dendrochronology and is...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-0783.1
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bioclimatic envelope models use associations between aspects of climate and species' occurrences to estimate the conditions that are suitable to maintain viable populations. Once bioclimatic envelopes are characterized, they can be applied to a variety of questions in ecology, evolution, and conservation. However, som...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/11-1930.1
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leaf dynamics, nutrient (N, P, K, Ca, and Na) changes, and retranslocation from the leaves of 13 species were investigated in four representative forest communities of the Central Himalaya, India. In evergreens of the temperate regions, with leaf longevities of several years, there is negligible movement of substances...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2307/1939888
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::River ecosystems are increasingly viewed as dynamic riverscapes; their extent, composition, and configuration vary in response to the pulsing of discharge. Although compositional and configurational shifts in riverscapes are thought to control ecosystem processes and biodiversity, attempts to quantify riverscape dynam...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/04-0889
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bottom-up and top-down effects act together to exert strong control over plant growth and reproduction, but how physical stress modifies those interactive forces remains unclear. Even though empirical evidence is scarce, theory predicts that the importance of both top-down- and bottom-up forces may decrease as physica...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/14-1776.1
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Loss of functional connectivity following habitat loss and fragmentation could drive species declines. A comprehensive understanding of fragmentation effects on functional connectivity of an ecological assemblage requires investigation of multiple species with different mobilities, at different spatial scales, for eac...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/13-1328.1
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent biodiversity-ecosystem functioning experiments in temperate grasslands have shown that productivity positively correlates with plant species richness. Resource partitioning (in particular, nitrogen [N] partitioning) has been proposed as one possible mechanism to explain this pattern. There is evidence for inter...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/11-1439.1
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Added Na was used to determine whether litter decomposition and associated fungal biomass and termites are limited by Na availability in a lowland tropical rainforest at Yasuni, Ecuador. This is a partial test of the "sodium ecosystem respiration" (SER) hypothesis that posits Na is critical for consumers but not plant...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/13-1274.1
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patches, gradients, and hierarchies are three common organizational frameworks for assessing the effects of spatial heterogeneity on species distributions. Since these frameworks are often chosen a priori, without knowledge of study systems, they may not correspond to the empirical heterogeneity present and may result...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0555
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in ecological niche modeling (ENM) algorithms, in conjunction with increasing availability of geographic information system (GIS) data, allow species' niches to be predicted over broad geographic areas using environmental characteristics associated with point localities for a given species. Consequentl...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[29:paoteo]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased drought intensity and frequency due to climate change may reduce the abundance and activity of nitrogen (N2 )-fixing plants, which supply new N to terrestrial ecosystems. As a result, drought may indirectly reduce ecosystem productivity through its effect on the N cycle. Here, we manipulated growing season n...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2862
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant-soil feedbacks can affect plant community dynamics by influencing processes of coexistence or invasion, or by maintaining alternate stable states. Darwin's naturalization hypothesis suggests that phylogenetic relatedness should be a critical factor governing such feedbacks in invaded communities but is rarely co...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/08-0054.1
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The evolutionary pressures that drive long larval planktonic durations in some coastal marine organisms, while allowing direct development in others, have been vigorously debated. We introduce into the argument the asymmetric dispersal of larvae by coastal currents and find that the strength of the currents helps dete...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/13-0970.1
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::For decades, ecologists have been testing for species saturation by using regression analysis to determine the relationship between local and regional species richness. The cumulative result of scores of studies and meta-analyses has led to a general consensus that evidence of species saturation is relatively uncommon...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/13-0244.1
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under a metacommunity framework, the spatial configuration of habitat fragments could determine local community structure. Yet, quantifying fragment connectivity is challenging, as it depends on multiple variables at several geographical scales. We assessed the extent to which fragment connectivity and area explain pa...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2883
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crop rotation schemes are believed to work by preventing specialist soil-borne pests from depressing the future yields of similar crops. In ecology, such negative plant-soil feedbacks may be viewed as a type of Janzen-Connell effect, which promotes species coexistence and diversity by preventing the same species from ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-2056.1
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Essential fatty acids (EFAs) are primarily generated by phytoplankton in aquatic ecosystems, and can limit the growth, development, and reproduction of higher consumers. Among the most critical of the EFAs are highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs), which are only produced by certain groups of phytoplankton. Changing ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/15-0794.1
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over recent years there has been an accumulation of evidence from a variety of experimental, theoretical, and field studies that many organisms use a movement strategy approximated by Lévy flights when they are searching for resources. Lévy flights are random movements that can maximize the efficiency of resource sear...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/08-0153.1
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study quantified new biomass production of algae and bacteria in both benthic and pelagic habitats of clear-water lakes to contrast how carbon from the atmosphere and terrestrial sources regulates whole-lake metabolism. We studied four small unproductive lakes in subarctic northern Sweden during one summer season...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-1855.1
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parasites can alter communities by reducing densities of keystone hosts, but few studies have examined how trait-mediated indirect effects of parasites can alter ecological communities. We test how trematode parasites (Microphallus spp.) that affect invasive crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) behavior alter how crayfish i...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/15-1634.1
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of facilitation have primarily been limited to single mechanisms, species, or environments. We examined interacting mechanisms governing the facilitative effects of Pinus flexilis on two later successional understory species, Pseudotsuga menziesii and Ribes cereum, in different microhabitats and seasons at the...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[1816:fbpfds]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prey are often difficult to locate visually, which may help them avoid predators. However, an animal's appearance might also evolve in response to the abiotic environment. Here, we investigate the processes that determine the appearance of silk webbing built by New Zealand's largest endemic moth Aenetus virescens (Lep...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1787
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Savannas are characterized by a competitive tension between grasses and trees, and theoretical models illustrate how this competitive tension is influenced by resource availability, competition for these resources, and disturbances. How this universe of theoretical possibilities translates into the real world is, howe...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/08-1368.1
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Predation pressure can alter the morphology, physiology, life history, and behavior of prey; each of these in turn can change how surviving prey interact with parasites. These trait-mediated indirect effects may change in direction or intensity during growth or, in sexually dimorphic species, between the sexes. The Tr...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/14-0495.1
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ecological surprises, substantial and unanticipated changes in the abundance of one or more species that result from previously unsuspected processes, are a common outcome of both experiments and observations in community and population ecology. Here, we give examples of such surprises along with the results of a surv...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-0965.1
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00