Abstract：
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to investigate the possible local neurotoxicity of a number of lipid-depot formulations of local anesthetics in relation to their duration of action in sciatic-nerve block. METHODS:Formulations that contain 2%, 4%, 8%, 16%, 32%, or 64% of a mixture of bupivacaine and lidocaine base 4:1 in medium-chain triglyceride were prepared and evaluated, together with 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% bupivacaine HCl solutions, bupivacaine 4.2% or 7.0% in medium-chain triglyceride, and 20% lidocaine base in a polar lipid vehicle. The duration of sensory and motor sciatic-nerve block was determined in rats. A week later, the sciatic nerves were dissected and removed for histopathologic examination by light microscopy. RESULTS:The duration of sensory and motor-nerve block was prolonged almost 4 times with the 32% and 13 times with the 64% bupivacaine:lidocaine formulation, in comparison to the 0.5% aqueous solution. The 64% formulation was applied by injection and also placed directly on the nerve with similar results. Slight to moderate signs of neurotoxicity were only found after administration of the 64% formulation. CONCLUSIONS:The findings suggest that depot formulations of local anesthetics with advantageous pharmaceutical and pharmacologic properties can be prepared by use of bupivacaine as the active component and natural lipids as carriers. A favorable balance between effects and toxicity may conceivably be obtained. After supplemental testing in more sensitive models for toxicity, such formulations could be candidates for clinical trials.
journal_name
Reg Anesth Pain Medjournal_title
Regional anesthesia and pain medicineauthors
Dyhre H,Söderberg L,Björkman S,Carlsson Cdoi
10.1016/j.rapm.2006.05.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-09-01 00:00:00pages
401-8issue
5eissn
1098-7339issn
1532-8651pii
S1098-7339(06)00134-9journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:We wished to determine which long-acting local anesthetic would produce the least pain on injection for treatment of myofascial pain disorders. We compared the pain on intramuscular injection of bupivacaine, ropivacaine, bupivacaine with dexamethasone, ropivacaine with dexamethasone, and needl...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1053/rapm.2000.8933
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article in our series on point-of-care ultrasound (US) for the regional anesthesiologist and pain management specialist describes the emerging role of gastric ultrasonography. Although gastric US is a relatively new point-of-care US application in the perioperative setting, its relevance for the regional anesthes...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/AAP.0000000000000846
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Despite ultrasound (US) guidance, sciatic nerve block (SNB) remains among the least performed peripheral blocks. By targeting the tissue plane between the gluteus maximus and quadratus femoris muscles, the US-guided subgluteal space technique may facilitate the performance of US-guided SNB. We...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1097/AAP.0000000000000016
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Stellate ganglion block (SGB) is one treatment option for human trigeminal nerve injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cervical sympathetic ganglia blocks (SB) by comparing the recovery of severed nerves in 2 rat models, treated or not treated by SB. METHODS:The i...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/rapm.2002.31206
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:This prospective, randomized, and multicentered study was undertaken to evaluate the success rate of coracoid infraclavicular nerve block performed with a nerve stimulator when either 1 or 3 motor responses were sought. METHODS:Eighty patients who presented for elbow, forearm, or wrist surger...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1053/rapm.2002.36456
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:No studies have examined the long-term benefits of regional anesthesia (RA) for pain management after combat-related injury. The objective of this prospective cohort study was to examine the relationship between RA administration and patient-reported pain-related outcomes among Operation Enduring Freedom (OE...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/rapm-2019-100773
更新日期：2019-09-27 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Multimodal analgesia protocols have shortened hospitalizations after total joint arthroplasty. It is unclear whether individual components of these protocols are associated with respiratory depression during phase I postanesthesia recovery. OBJECTIVES:To test the hypothesis that sedating analgesics used in ...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AAP.0000000000000257
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Cluster headache is an uncommon debilitating condition for which effective management remains a challenge. We describe the use of gabapentin in the treatment and prophylaxis of cluster headache in a patient who was refractory to other treatments. CASE REPORT:A 38-year-old man had a history of...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/rapm.2001.24404
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We present a case of intense herpes zoster-related pain and itching in the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (V1). Successful pain and itch management was achieved after insertion of a high thoracic epidural catheter with a continuous infusion of bupivacaine and clonidine. CASE REPORT:A 73-year-old...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1098-7339(03)00182-2
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Continuous peripheral nerve blockade has become a popular method of achieving postoperative analgesia for many surgical procedures. The safety and reliability of infusion pumps are dependent on their flow rate accuracy and consistency. Knowledge of pump rate profiles can help physicians determine which infusion pump i...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AAP.0000000000000130
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This report describes the effects of ganglionic local opioid application (GLOA) in patients with chronic headache and persistent idiopathic facial pain. CASE REPORT:We present 2 patients with chronic headaches and 1 patient with persistent idiopathic facial pain who were refractory to medical treatment. Thes...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rapm.2006.03.011
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Certain factors, such as intervertebral disc herniation, previous spinal surgery, and osteoarthritis may cause problems during the midline epidural procedure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the placement of the needle tip in an alternative paramedian approach in a cadaver, and ra...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/rapm.2003.50129
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The aim of the study was to examine the analgesic effects of the anticonvulsant, gabapentin, in a validated model of acute inflammatory pain. METHODS:Twenty-two volunteers were investigated in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over study. Gabapentin 1,200 mg or placebo was ...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1053/rapm.2001.25070
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:This case series assesses the in vivo spread of contrast within the adductor canal in subjects who recently underwent a total knee arthroplasty. A previous analysis of profound leg weakness with a continuous adductor canal revealed contrast spread from the adductor canal to the femoral triangl...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AAP.0000000000000216
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:There is increasing interest in local infiltration analgesia (LIA) to reduce postoperative pain with knee surgery. Despite widespread use of LIA, wide variations in drug combinations, infiltration techniques, and the concomitant use of systemic analgesics have made it difficult to determine th...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AAP.0000000000000353
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Shoulder surgery is associated with significant postoperative pain in many patients. The use of an interscalene nerve block offers good analgesia but is associated with a high incidence of an ipsilateral phrenic nerve block. Several strategies to avoid this adverse effect have been studied. Possible strategies are (1)...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AAP.0b013e318272195d
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Directors for Regional Anesthesiology and Acute Pain Medicine fellowships develop and maintain guidelines for fellowship training in the subspecialty. The first edition of the guidelines was published in 2005 with a revision published in 2010. This set of guidelines updates the 2010 revision. The guidelines address 3 ...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,实务指引
doi：10.1097/AAP.0000000000000233
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Ultrasound-guided infiltration of the interspace between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (iPACK) block, a new regional analgesic technique, is believed to relieve posterior knee pain, after total knee arthroplasty, by targeting the articular branches innervating posterior aspect o...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/rapm-2018-100355
更新日期：2019-05-06 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe a late neurologic complication of intrathecal pump implantation and show the methods used for the diagnosis and successful treatment of transverse myelitis in this setting. CASE REPORT:A 32-year-old man with a chronic abdominal pain syndrome presented with right lower-extremity numbness 2 months ...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1098-7339(03)00222-0
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The surgeon August Gustav Bier significantly influenced surgery, general medicine, and especially anesthesia. He was the father of spinal anesthesia (1898) and intravenous regional anesthesia (1908). Both anesthetic techniques are still valuable and widely applied in everyday anesthesia practices throughout the world,...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rapm.2008.04.011
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:We present an unusual complication of epidural analgesia used to facilitate postoperative pain relief while allowing mobilization of the patient. CASE REPORT:A 65-year-old woman with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, chronic renal failu...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/rapm.2001.22993
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Major ankle surgery causes intense postoperative pain, and whereas the importance of a sciatic nerve block is well established, the clinical significance of a supplemental saphenous nerve block has never been determined in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. We h...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AAP.0000000000000764
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to describe and assess the accuracy and feasibility of a novel technique for ultrasound-guided maxillary nerve block using the lateral pterygoid plate (LPP) approach via the pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) in a soft cadaveric model. METHODS:Ten soft cadavers were studied. The cur...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AAP.0000000000000790
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is a postural headache syndrome unrelated to dural puncture. Due to the apparent failure of epidural blood patch to relieve headache in spontaneous intracranial hypotension, we investigated the epidemiologic features and treatment outcomes of this condition...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/rapm.2001.28275
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:No study has compared cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection (CIESI) with epidural catheter advancement to the side and level of pathology versus standard C7-T1 CIESI. This study investigated whether cervical radicular pain is more effectively treated by CIESI with a targeted epidura...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1097/AAP.0000000000000521
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The progression of sensory blockade in the hand following a forearm Bier block with ropivacaine is currently unknown. The hands of 10 healthy adult human subjects were anesthetized with ropivacaine, and their sensitivities to cold and touch were tested until the completion of anesthesia. On average, insensitivity to c...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AAP.0b013e31820d42ed
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction of the knee is a painful procedure requiring intensive postoperative pain management. This prospective study investigates analgesic quality after a femoral block as compared with intra-articular injection of local anesthetic. METHOD...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1053/rapm.2003.50019
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:We hypothesized that ultrasound-guided wrist blocks may be faster to perform, and may increase success rate, compared with nerve stimulation-guided wrist blocks. METHODS:Sixty patients undergoing ambulatory endoscopic carpal tunnel release were randomly allocated to receive median and ulnar n...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.rapm.2008.01.004
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Ischemic preconditioning of tissue that is to undergo procedure-induced underperfusion has been used in a number of surgical settings to reduce the subsequent inflammatory response and its sequelae. The objective of this prospective, randomized study was to evaluate the effect of ischemic prec...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1097/aap.0b013e3181e82e8e
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A difficult neuraxial block (DNB) may be associated with complications. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of DNB, assess patient-related and organizational factors associated with DNB, and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of an accumulated risk score for predicting DNB. METHODS:A consec...
journal_title：Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AAP.0000000000000293
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
