Abstract:
PURPOSE:To evaluate the influence of aging on the pharmacokinetics of valproic acid (VPA) at steady-state and on the susceptibility of VPA metabolism to enzyme induction by antiepileptic comedication. METHODS:The database of the therapeutic drug monitoring service of a large neurological hospital was searched to identify patients aged > or = 65 years stabilized on VPA therapy. Apparent VPA oral clearance (CL/F) calculated for each elderly patient was compared with that determined in an equal number of VPA-treated controls aged 20-50 years and matched for gender, body weight and antiepileptic drug (AED) comedication. RESULTS:A total of 71 elderly patients aged 70.0+/-4.4 years, including 20 receiving enzyme inducing AEDs, was included in the main evaluation. In the absence of enzyme inducing comedication, VPA CL/F in the elderly was similar to that found in non-elderly controls (9.7+/-4.6 versus 10.2+/-4.6mlh(-1)kg(-1)). Elderly patients on enzyme inducing comedication, on the other hand, had lower CL/F values than enzyme induced younger controls (11.7+/-5.4 versus 16.0+/-6.3mlh(-1)kg(-1), p<0.05). Since VPA CL/F is known to increase with increasing dosage, a lower VPA dosage in elderly patients comedicated with enzyme inducers compared with controls may have contributed to differences in CL/F between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS:In the absence of enzyme inducing comedication, VPA clearance in the elderly was comparable to that observed in controls. VPA clearance in elderly patients receiving enzyme inducing AEDs was lower than in controls, the difference being probably due to an influence of age as well as to the fact that mean VPA dosage was lower in these patients than in controls. Since our measurements of clearance were based on total serum VPA concentrations and VPA binding to plasma proteins is known to be reduced in old age, it is likely that the clearance of unbound, pharmacologically active, VPA was decreased to an important extent in the elderly, presumably as a result of a decline in drug metabolizing capacity.
journal_name
Epilepsy Resjournal_title
Epilepsy researchauthors
Fattore C,Messina S,Battino D,Croci D,Mamoli D,Perucca Edoi
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2006.04.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-08-01 00:00:00pages
153-60issue
2-3eissn
0920-1211issn
1872-6844pii
S0920-1211(06)00135-5journal_volume
70pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A freezing probe was placed on the skull of postnatal day (PN) 1 rats to induce formation of a cerebrocortical microsulcus. Experimental studies were performed on PN days 21-24. At that time point, Nissl-stained sections revealed the presence of a microsulcus similar to that described in human dysplastic cortex. Immun...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0920-1211(98)00041-2
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been established that febrile seizures and its extended syndromes like generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures (FS) plus (GEFS+) and Dravet syndrome have been associated with mutations especially in SCN1A and GABRG2 genes. In patients, the onset of FS is likely due to the combined effect of temperature and i...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.04.020
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of symptomatic epilepsy in young adults. This study examined physiological and anatomical epileptogenic consequences of a prior incident of TBI in rats. Rats were subjected to a fluid percussion brain injury one week prior to experimentation, and in vitro electrophysiolo...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0920-1211(96)00044-7
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Activation of the neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor by neuropeptide substance P (SP) induces and maintains epileptic activity in various experimental models of epilepsy. The primary objective of this study was to investigate whether neurobiological changes linked to NK1-SP receptor system are associated with hyperexc...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.08.006
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Cases of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with ipsilateral amygdala enlargement (AE) have increasingly been reported. However, the white matter (WM) abnormalities of TLE patients with AE remain poorly investigated. Here we explored macrostructural and microstructural WM abnormalities in TLE patients with AE compare...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.09.011
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rat lateral fluid-percussion injury (FPI) model has been used extensively to study post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). Epidemiological studies have reported that the risk of PTE is higher after more severe injury. Adult, male Wistar rats subjected to different atmospheric pressures of injury during FPI showed great var...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2018.09.005
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may have adverse effects on bone metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study is to determine the changes of bone metabolism and BMD in epilepsy patients who are undergoing levetiracetam (LEV) monotherapy. METHODS:Drug-naïve, sixty-one patients with recent onset e...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.09.002
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intracarotid amobarbital procedure (IAP) was attempted in 22 pediatric epilepsy surgery candidates, ages 5-12 years old. With extra pre-test teaching and emotional preparation, adjusted amobarbital dosage for younger patients, and simplified test items tailored to the child's abilities, language and memory testing...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(93)90061-b
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyamine (tissue) concentrations have been studied in hippocampus and temporal neocortex from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Depth electrode recordings demonstrated hippocampal origin of the seizures, the temporal neocortex being involved during the discharge propagation. Neuropathological examination of excis...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(92)90035-r
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Neurotoxicity Scale was devised as a patient-based report scale to assess the adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs on cognitive function. In a previous report we reported the clinical validity of the scale, tested in a double-blind randomized study, using a benzodiazepine in normal volunteers. In the present stu...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0920-1211(97)01036-x
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke is an important cause of symptomatic epilepsy especially in the elderly. Seizures in the setting of stroke will furthermore worsen the prognosis of stroke. Studies show that the frequency of seizures in stroke ranges between 2.3% and 14%. Typically early seizures are defined as those that occur within 14 days o...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.08.007
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Classification of seizures arising from the cortical motor system classically distinguishes between primary motor seizures and supplementary motor area (SMA) seizures. With the aim of better characterizing the underlying networks of motor seizures, we quantitatively studied the "epileptogenicity" of brain structures i...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.04.011
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An intravenous formulation of carbamazepine (CBZ) was administered to 113 (60 male; 53 female) persons with epilepsy aged 19-87 years. Subjects received 100mg of study drug as replacement for 100mg of their usual morning dose of CBZ. There were no significant changes in blood pressure or heart rate suggesting that thi...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.01.013
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To identify clinical risk factors for Dravet syndrome (DS) in a population of children with status epilepticus (SE). MATERIAL AND METHODS:Children aged between 1 month and 16 years with at least one episode of SE were referred from 6 pediatric neurology centers in Switzerland. SE was defined as a clinical seiz...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.02.019
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several interacting genetic factors are likely to be involved in the epileptogenesis of idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGE). Neurotransmitter transporters play a central role in the fine tuning of neurotransmission by removal of released neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft. The present association study test...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0920-1211(00)00120-0
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:SUMMARY:Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) may represent a perspective target for anticonvulsant therapy but spectrum of their anticonvulsant effects is not sufficiently known. Our study was aimed at comparison of anticonvulsant actions of antagonists of mGluR1 and mGluR5 subtypes in immature rats. Seven-, 12-, 1...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2008.11.004
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Binding of valproate and palmitate to serum albumin was studied in 29 valproate-treated epileptic patients. The results were compared with similar observations in a reference group of 43 non valproate-treated individuals. The binding affinity for palmitate was decreased (P < 0.0001) resulting in increased availability...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(93)90040-e
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The parameters of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures have been evaluated at various time intervals after lipopolysaccharide (LPS; Escherichia coli O111:B4, 100 microg/kg, i.p.) administration in mice. A proconvulsant effect occurred 4h after LPS injection with decreased seizure latency and enhanced seizure inten...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2006.06.009
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The GABAergic system has long been implicated in epilepsy with defects in GABA neurotransmission being linked to epilepsy in both experimental animal models and human syndromes (Olsen and Avoli, 1997). However, to date no human epileptic syndrome has been directly attributed to an altered GABAergic system. The observe...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0920-1211(99)00046-7
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Generalized seizures can induce both hypertension and hyperglycemia which may aggravate preexisting cerebral or medical conditions in patients. In vivo fluorescent imaging of regional cortical blood flow and brain intracellular pH (pHi) was performed in fasted New Zealand rabbits (n = 35) in which either mean arterial...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(93)90017-2
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique is constantly evolving with higher field strength scanners, the question arises whether images from different field strength scanners can be used interchangeably for scientific and clinical purposes. We address this issue in a study group of patients with temporal lobe ...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2008.06.012
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The present study was undertaken to clarify the participation of the GABA-ergic system in epileptogenic activity induced by teicoplanin. METHODS:Under pentobarbital anesthesia, mice were fixed to a stereotaxic apparatus, and stainless steel electrodes were implanted into the frontal cortex (FCOR), hippocampus ...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.01.006
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ring chromosomes are rare chromosome disorders that arise usually de novo. Children with ring chromosome 6 have a wide range of intellectual functioning and congenital anomalies. We report an epileptic case of a 10-year-old boy to be mild psychomotor retardation and dysmorphic traits including microcephaly, brachyceph...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2008.03.020
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect and safety of loreclezole were evaluated during a long-term follow-up trial targeting higher plasma concentrations than those of the preceding controlled trial. The result is better than in the double-blind trial, in which loreclezole doses were administered to reach plasma concentrations of 1-2 mg/l and 6/...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(91)90048-k
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although accumulating evidence indicates that the immunomodulatory medication thalidomide exerts anticonvulsant properties, the mechanisms underlying such effects of thalidomide are still unknown. Our previous preclinical study suggested that nitric oxide (NO) signaling may be involved in the anticonvulsant effects of...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106362
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Idiopathic epilepsy (IE) is a syndrome that comprises epilepsy only, with no underlying structural brain lesion or other neurological signs or symptoms. Numerous studies have shown that genetic factors play an important role in IE. IE is a common disease in the Chinese Han population. However, the genetic ep...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.09.013
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known, so far, about the cerebral structural abnormalities in drug-naïve patients with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE). We aimed to investigate regional grey matter (GM) volume differences using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in patients and closely matched healthy control subjects. METHODS:Twenty...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.05.003
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD) is a newly defined clinicoradiologic syndrome characterized by biphasic seizures and altered consciousness followed by restricted diffusion in the white matter on magnetic resonance imaging in acute phase. Intractable epilepsy commonly occur...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2018.04.006
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To analyze electroclinical features of absence seizures during sleep. PRINCIPAL RESULTS:30 children with genetic generalized epilepsy had 52 paroxysms of GSW >2s during sleep. 18/52 (35%) demonstrated a clinical sign. Ictal GSW lasted an average of 6.5s. CONCLUSION:Motor manifestations are seen during GSW>2s ...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2010.12.009
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study was undertaken to determine whether levetiracetam (Keppra) affected the pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic profile of digoxin in healthy adults. METHODS:Seven men and four women (19-48 years old) completed this double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Each received digoxin 0.25 mg once daily (0.5 m...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0920-1211(01)00253-4
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00