Abstract：
:This investigation compared muscle activities and heart rate (HR) responses while subjects walked backward or forward in water, with and without a water current. Ten healthy males (23.5+/-1.4 years) volunteered for the study. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to evaluate muscle activities while the subjects walked in water, immersed to the level of the xiphoid process. HR responses were monitored continuously by a telemetry method. A "Flowmill" was used for this study, which involves a treadmill at the base of a water flume. Measurement of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of each tested muscle was undertaken prior to gait analysis. The %MVCs obtained from the paraspinal muscles, vastus medialis and tibialis anterior were all significantly greater when walking backward than when walking forward, for every experimental condition (P<0.05). HR responses tended to be greater while walking backward than when walking forward, with a statistical significance at fast speed (P<0.05). In conclusion, walking backward in water resulted in significantly greater muscle activation of the paraspinal muscles, vastus medialis and tibialis anterior compared with walking forward in water. These findings may be helpful in developing water-based exercise programs.
journal_name
Gait Posturejournal_title
Gait & postureauthors
Masumoto K,Takasugi S,Hotta N,Fujishima K,Iwamoto Ydoi
10.1016/j.gaitpost.2006.03.013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-02-01 00:00:00pages
222-8issue
2eissn
0966-6362issn
1879-2219pii
S0966-6362(06)00052-Xjournal_volume
25pub_type
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