Abstract:
:AppA, a transcriptional antirepressor, regulates the steady expression of photosynthesis genes in Rhodobacter sphaeroides in response to high-intensity blue light and to redox signals. Its blue-light sensing is mediated by an N-terminal BLUF domain, a member of a novel flavin fold. The photocycle of this domain (AppA(5-125)) includes formation of a slightly red-shifted long-lived signaling state, which is formed directly from the singlet excited state of the flavin on a subnanosecond time scale [Gauden et al. (2005) Biochemistry 44, 3653-3662]. The red shift of the absorption spectrum of this signaling state has been attributed to a rearrangement of its hydrogen-bonding interactions with the surrounding apoprotein. In this study we have characterized an AppA mutant with an altered aromatic amino acid: W104F. This mutant exhibits an increased lifetime of the singlet excited state of the flavin chromophore. Most strikingly, however, it shows a 1.5-fold increase in its quantum yield of signaling state formation. In addition, it shows a slightly increased rate of ground-state recovery. On top of this, the presence of imidazole, both in this mutant protein and in the wild-type BLUF domain, significantly accelerates the rate of ground-state recovery, suggesting that this rate is limited by rearrangement of (a) hydrogen bond(s). In total, an approximately 700-fold increase in recovery rate has been obtained, which makes the W104F BLUF domain of AppA, for example, suitable for future analyses with step-scan FTIR. The rate of ground-state recovery of the BLUF domain of AppA follows Arrhenius kinetics. This suggests that this domain itself does not undergo large structural changes upon illumination and that the structural transitions in full-length AppA are dominated by interdomain rearrangements.
journal_name
Biochemistryjournal_title
Biochemistryauthors
Laan W,Gauden M,Yeremenko S,van Grondelle R,Kennis JT,Hellingwerf KJdoi
10.1021/bi051367psubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-01-10 00:00:00pages
51-60issue
1eissn
0006-2960issn
1520-4995journal_volume
45pub_type
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