Twinning and heteropaternity in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Physiological stress is one of the various factors that can have an impact on stable isotope ratios. However, its effect on bone collagen stable isotope ratios is still not fully understood. This study aims to build on previous research on how different disease stages may affect bone collagen stable isotop...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Curto A,Mahoney P,Maurer AF,Barrocas-Dias C,Fernandes T,Fahy GE

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent discovery of unexpectedly ancient human remains has fuelled interest about the first dispersion of Homo outside Africa. The Dmanisi mandible is perhaps one of the most interesting findings, as it supposedly represents one of the oldest hominids outside of Africa. Recently, different interpretations have bee...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rosas A,Bermúdez de Castro JM

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dramatic changes in cranial capacity have characterized human evolution. Important evolutionary hypotheses, such as the spatial packing hypothesis, assert that increases in relative brain size (encephalization) have caused alterations to the modern human skull, resulting in a suite of traits unique among extant primat...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Lesciotto KM,Richtsmeier JT

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The island cemetery site of Ostorf (Germany) consists of individual human graves containing Funnel Beaker ceramics dating to the Early or Middle Neolithic. However, previous isotope and radiocarbon analysis demonstrated that the Ostorf individuals had a diet rich in freshwater fish. The present study was und...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Fernandes R,Grootes P,Nadeau MJ,Nehlich O

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Human walking involves out-of-phase axial rotations of the thorax and pelvis. It has long been believed that this rotational capability is a distinctive feature of the genus Homo. However, Thompson et al. (2015) showed that chimpanzees also counter-rotate their thorax relative to the pelvis during bipedal wa...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kinoshita Y,Goto R,Nakano Y,Hirasaki E

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Compared to most quadrupedal mammals, humans are energetically inefficient when running at high speeds. This fact can be taken to mean that human dipedalism evolved for reasons other than to reduce relative energy cost durding locomotion. Recalculation of the energy expending expended during human walking at normal sp...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rodman PS,McHenry HM

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One trait that distinguishes the walking gaits of most primates from those of most mammalian nonprimates is the distribution of weight between the forelimbs and hindlimbs. Nonprimate mammals generally experience higher vertical peak substrate reaction forces on the forelimb than on the hindlimb. Primates, in contrast,...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Hanna JB,Polk JD,Schmitt D

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the sacrum contributes to the size and shape of the birth canal, the sexually dimorphic sacrum of humans is frequently interpreted within obstetric contexts. However, while the human sacrum has been extensively studied, comparatively little is known about sacral morphology in nonhuman primates. Thus, it remains unc...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Moffett EA,Maddux SD,Ward CV

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How do arm-swinging apes locomote effectively over a variety of speeds? One way to reduce the metabolic energy cost of locomotion is to transfer energy between reversible mechanical modes. In terrestrial animals, at least two transfer mechanisms have been identified: 1) a pendulum-like mechanism for walking, with exch...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Bertram JE,Chang YH

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Growth standards and references currently used to assess population and individual health are derived primarily from urban populations, including few individuals from indigenous or subsistence groups. Given environmental and genetic differences, growth may vary in these populations. Thus, there is a need to ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Blackwell AD,Urlacher SS,Beheim B,von Rueden C,Jaeggi A,Stieglitz J,Trumble BC,Gurven M,Kaplan H

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reproductive cycles of 23 captive olive baboons were studied over two successive parturitions. Interbirth intervals of 450 days were reduced by 60% in comparison to wild baboons, and consisted of 145 days of postpartum amenorrhea, 3.5 cycles, and a gestation of 185 days. Dominance rank was found to be one signific...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Garcia C,Lee PC,Rosetta L

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Temporal changes, within-group variation, and phylogenetic positions of the Early Pleistocene Javanese hominids remain unclear. Recent debate focused on the age of the oldest Javanese hominids, but the argument so far includes little morphological basis for the fossils. To approach these questions, we analyzed a compr...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kaifu Y,Baba H,Aziz F,Indriati E,Schrenk F,Jacob T

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Histomorphometric studies show consistent links between physical activity patterns and the microstructure underlying the size and shape of bone. Here, we adopt a combined bone approach to explore variation in microstructure of ribs and humeri related to physical activity and historical records of manual labo...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Pitfield R,Deter C,Mahoney P

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A virtually complete skeleton recovered from excavations in a Late Upper Paleolithic context by Cardini between 1940 and 1942 at the Arene Candide cave (NW Italy) lacks the normal development of the left and right lesser trochanters. The specimen is a short-statured male about 25 years old and shows no other especiall...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Formicola V,Frayer DW,Heller JA

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maxillofacial and dental arch dimensions of the Bolivian Aymara population are age and sex dependent. Interpopulational comparisons reveal these dimensions to differ from those seen in Aleuts, Australian aborigines, and Swedes, but to be similar to those of the indigenous Taiwanese. Finally, these dimensions are not t...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Palomino H,Barton SA,Murillo F,Schull WJ

更新日期：1978-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Frost (1987a) proposed an algorithm for estimating the number of missing osteons that correspond to observed osteon population densities (OPD). Such an algorithm should allow more accurate estimates of bone remodeling rates for skeletal remains for which in vivo labeling is not possible. In order to validate the algor...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Stout SD,Paine RR

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluate the hardness of foods consumed by sympatric Cercopithecus ascanius (redtail guenons) and Lophocebus albigena (grey-cheeked mangabeys), and consider how selection might operate to influence foraging adaptations. Since L. albigena has among the thickest dental enamel in extant primates and is commonly referr...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Lambert JE,Chapman CA,Wrangham RW,Conklin-Brittain NL

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aims of the present study are to 1) determine and describe levels of dental fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in a highly endogamous human group; 2) evaluate the effects of various FA measures on perceived FA levels and their interrelationships; 3) study the connections between dental variables (tooth size, class, positi...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Hershkovitz I,Livshits G,Moskona D,Arensburg B,Kobyliansky E

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ancient genomes from multiple Neanderthal and the Denisovan individuals, along with DNA sequence data from diverse contemporary human populations strongly support the prevalence of gene flow among different hominins. Recent studies now provide evidence for multiple gene flow events that leave genetic signatures in ext...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Gokcumen O

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On the basis of new examination of ancient DNA and craniometric analyses, Neolithic dispersal in Central Europe has been recently explained as reflecting colonization or at least a major influx of near eastern farmers. Given the fact that Neolithic dispersal in Central Europe was very rapid and extended into a large a...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Galeta P,Sládek V,Sosna D,Bruzek J

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lack of independence of data points or the pooling fallacy has been suggested as a potential problem in the study of handedness in nonhuman primates, particularly as it relates to whether hand use responses should be recorded as individual events or bouts of activity. Here, I argue that there is no evidence that the c...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Hopkins WD

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the development of computed tomography, soft tissues and foreign body collections are distinguished with remarkable resolution. This distinction is particularly useful when examining desiccated human remains, both in construction of research strategies and when invasive procedure (i.e., traditional autopsies, nee...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Wong PA

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anthropologists were quick to recognize the potential of new techniques in molecular biology to provide additional lines of evidence on questions long investigated in anthropology, as well as those questions that, while always of interest, could not have been addressed by more traditional techniques. The earliest anci...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kaestle FA,Horsburgh KA

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is assumed that the transition from the Late Eneolithic to the Early Bronze Age in Central Europe was associated with substantial changes in subsistence and the perception of gender differences. However, the archeological record itself does not entirely support this model. Alternatively, this transition may be inte...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Sládek V,Berner M,Sosna D,Sailer R

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this investigation was to analyze the underlying cause(s) of secular changes in craniofacial dimensions among indigenous children in an isolated community in Oaxaca, southern Mexico, between 1968-2000. Subjects were schoolchildren resident in a rural, agrarian, Zapotec-speaking community in the Valley...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Little BB,Buschang PH,Peña Reyes ME,Tan SK,Malina RM

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human population movements in North Africa have been mostly restricted to an east-west direction due to the geographical barriers imposed by the Sahara Desert and the Mediterranean Sea. Although these barriers have not completely impeded human migrations, genetic studies have shown that an east-west genetic gradient e...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Fadhlaoui-Zid K,Rodríguez-Botigué L,Naoui N,Benammar-Elgaaied A,Calafell F,Comas D

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Body size (stature and mass) estimates are integral to understanding the lifeways of past populations.Body size estimation of an archaeological skeletal sample can be problematic when the body size or proportions of the population are distinctive. One such population is that of the Holocene Later Stone Age (LSA) of so...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kurki HK,Ginter JK,Stock JT,Pfeiffer S

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bilateral tooth measurements in twins are partitioned into three orthogonal contrasts, each associated with one degree of freedom, to estimate three parameters: discordance, asymmetry, and mirror imagery. The probability levels of the within-pair variance ratios were used to test for significance of these estimates. T...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Potter RH,Nance WE

更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluates the relationship between age at death and pelvic size among adults in three prehistoric Amerindian populations. The issue is to identify if the pelvis continues to grow and remodel in adulthood, or if there is differential survivorship among adults, particularly among females, based on pelvic size...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Tague RG

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The existence of an apomorphic reciprocal chromosomal translocation in the gorilla lineage has been asserted or denied by various cytogeneticists. We employed a new molecular cytogenetic strategy (chromosomal in situ suppression hybridization) combined with high-resolution banding, replication sequence analysis, and f...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Stanyon R,Wienberg J,Romagno D,Bigoni F,Jauch A,Cremer T

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00