Abstract:
:In order to elucidate the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity, the effects of paracetamol on the oxygen consumption and ATP content of the isolated perfused rat liver were correlated with parameters of hepatic viability and hepatotoxicity. Paracetamol at 5 g/L reduced the oxygen consumption of the livers by about 80% and hepatic ATP content by 96%. Hepatotoxicity was evident from the nearly complete interruption of bile secretion, a marked release of enzymes [glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)] in the perfusate, a depletion of hepatic glutathione and an accumulation of calcium in the liver. Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity could be prevented completely by using livers from non-fasted rats as well as by addition of fructose to the perfusate of livers from fasted animals. Both treatments resulted in an increased energy supply from anaerobic glycolysis as evidenced by a large release of lactate and pyruvate into the perfusate, but did not inhibit paracetamol-induced decline of oxygen consumption. The decrease in hepatic oxygen consumption depended on the dose of paracetamol and occurred first at a concentration of 0.2 g/L (-10%). LDH and GPT release, on the other hand, was elevated at 2 and 5 g/L and calcium accumulation occurred at 5 g/L paracetamol only. Inhibition of mixed-function oxidases by dithiocarb did not prevent the decrease in oxygen consumption and the resulting hepatic injury induced by paracetamol. The oral administration of the high dose of 5 g/kg paracetamol in vivo to rats exerted strong hepatotoxicity but produced maximal serum levels of 800 mg/L paracetamol only and did not decrease hepatic oxygen consumption as measured in vitro. Our results show that in the isolated perfused rat liver in vitro, only high concentrations of paracetamol can produce "chemical hypoxia" by attacking mitochondria so as to cause hepatic injury. Such high concentrations of paracetamol are not attained in vivo, however. "Chemical hypoxia", thus, seems not to be relevant to the well-known hepatotoxic action of paracetamol.
journal_name
Biochem Pharmacoljournal_title
Biochemical pharmacologyauthors
Strubelt O,Younes Mdoi
10.1016/0006-2952(92)90050-ssubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-07-07 00:00:00pages
163-70issue
1eissn
0006-2952issn
1873-2968pii
0006-2952(92)90050-Sjournal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In this review, I summarize the sequence of events involved in characterizing the functional role of GABA(B) receptors in the CNS and their involvement in synaptic transmission. The story was launched with the realization that baclofen was a selective agonist of GABA(B) receptors. This lead to the discovery in the CNS...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2004.07.024
更新日期:2004-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Multidrug resistance in tumor cells is often associated with the presence of an approximately 170 kDa plasma membrane glycoprotein (Pgp) that acts as a drug-efflux pump and decreases intracellular antitumor drug concentration. We measured the uptake of seven anthracyclines (daunorubicin, doxorubicin, 4'-epi-doxorubici...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(96)00042-1
更新日期:1996-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::ATP-driven efflux pumps such as phosphoglycoprotein-170 (P-gp), multidrug-resistance-associated protein-2 (MRP-2), or breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) play a crucial role in limiting the efficacy of tumor pharmacotherapy. Selected flavonoids have been suggested to inhibit individual efflux-transporters and to a...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2010.04.038
更新日期:2010-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The enzyme S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase (AdoHcyase) which catalyzes the reversible hydrolysis of AdoHcy to adenosine and homocysteine is an adenosine binding protein. In the present study we examined the characteristics of [(3)H]cAMP binding to purified AdoHcyase from bovine kidney in comparison with the high aff...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(02)01254-6
更新日期:2002-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The fallen concentration of one of the two isomers of soman (1,2,2-trimethylpropyl methylphosphonofluoridate), i.e., C(+)P(-)-soman, was investigated in plasma and in homogenates of brain, lung, liver, kidney, diaphragm, skeletal muscle and mucosa of small intestines from rat, guinea pig and marmoset, and in human pla...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(93)90106-7
更新日期:1993-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolism of (1R)[1-3H]ethanol, [2-3H]lactate or [2-3H]xylitol was studied in hepatocytes from fed or T3-treated rats in the presence or absence of fructose or xylitol. The yields of tritium in ethanol, lactate, water, glycerol and glucose were determined. A simple model, describing the metabolic fate of tritium ...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(85)90260-6
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicity of the organophosphorus poison soman (pinacolylmethylphosphonofluoridate) is attributable to its irreversible inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. In addition, soman binds irreversibly to a number of noncholinesterase tissue binding sites which appear to be its major means of in vivo detoxificat...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(90)90349-p
更新日期:1990-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::3-alpha-Methyl substituted digitoxigenin-3-beta-glucoside (methyl-dtg-gluc) displays unusual features, e.g. a high dissociation rate constant from its binding site leading to rapid reversibility of the inotropic and toxic effects, and a flat dose-response curve attaining higher inotropic maxima thus indicating an incr...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(82)90059-4
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was carried out to analyze the sex differences in the retention of Cd in rats treated with a small amount of Cd, and its mechanisms. Cd and Zn concentrations in the kidney and liver of female rats treated with 28 nmol Cd or 1 nmole Zn were significantly higher than those in male rats. Pretreatment wi...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(88)90305-x
更新日期:1988-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of glutathione depletion on cytotoxicity of the anthracycline daunorubicin, and of a copper:bis-thiosemicarbazone chelate, was examined in the P388 murine leukemia and its anthracycline-resistant subline, P388/ADR. Depletion of intracellular glutathione was accomplished through exposure to buthionine sulfox...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(86)90430-2
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A voluminous number of evidence suggests that an increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is a relatively easy and practical strategy to reduce significantly the incidence of chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases and other aging-related pathologies. This review will critically discuss the appl...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2007.02.014
更新日期:2007-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::High-affinity binding of [3H](+/-)2-amino-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene [( 3H]-ADTN) was improved by use of a subcellular fraction (P4) of tissue obtained from calf brain. The highest concentration of binding sites was found in caudate nucleus which was evaluated extensively. Binding of 0.5 nM [3H]-ADTN ...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(83)90391-x
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pretreatment of NG108-15 cells with 0.03-25 microM prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) produced decreases in the maximal stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity produced by iloprost, N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine and sodium fluoride. The rate of desensitization to all three agents was dependent on the concentration of PGE1 used, ...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(94)90405-7
更新日期:1994-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Reduced glutathione is nitrosated in aerobic solutions of nitric oxide under physiological conditions; however, the extent of S-nitrosation was found to be dependent on the inorganic anions present. Of nine anions tested, the bifunctional anions, arsenate, phosphate, and pyrophosphate (40 mM), inhibited the S-nitrosat...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(96)00825-8
更新日期:1997-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::Nobiletin is a polymethoxylated flavone found in certain citrus fruits that exhibits various pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, antitumor and neuroprotective properties. The present study investigated the effects of nobiletin on insulin sensitivity in obese diabetic ob/ob mice, and the possible mecha...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2010.01.034
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benzbromarone, a potent uricosuric agent, inhibited allantoin production in isolated hepatocytes at concentrations half to ten times greater than therapeutic plasma levels of the drug. In addition, the drug at these concentrations also markedly inhibited xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.1.37), an enzyme involved in the regula...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(88)90385-1
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to test if human platelet leukotriene C4-synthase (LTC4-S) is pharmacologically different from cloned and expressed LTC4-S and, in light of the significant homologies between 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) and LTC4-S, if different potencies of leukotriene synthesis inhibitors acting...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(96)00819-2
更新日期:1997-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::The reactivities of sulfite (SO23-) with DNA in the presence of metal ions were investigated by a DNA sequencing technique using 32P-labeled DNA fragments obtained from human c-Ha-ras-1 protooncogene. Sulfite caused DNA damage in the presence of Co2+, Cu2+ and Mn2+, although sulfite alone or metal ion alone did not. T...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(89)90119-6
更新日期:1989-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of naturally occurring aliphatic carboxylic acid n-butyrate on total and type-specific synthesis of sulfated proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid by rat liver fat-storing cells (Ito cells, vitamin A-storing cells), the main connective tissue producing cell type in liver, was studied. Concentrations of n-butyra...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(88)90414-5
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor-induced neoangiogenesis is an essential event for solid tumor growth. Therefore, a compound able to block angiogenesis-promoting factors could have antitumor activity. The polysulfonated naphthylurea suramin is hypothesized to have this mode of action. A series of sulfonated distamycin A derivatives have been sy...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(94)90020-5
更新日期:1994-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::The major populations of cholinergic neurons in the brain include two "projection" systems, located in the pontine reticular formation and in the basal forebrain. These two complexes comprise, in part, the anatomical substrates for the "ascending reticular activating system" (ARAS). The pontine cholinergic system rela...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2005.05.019
更新日期:2005-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence has accumulated that deacetylation and acetylation events are implicated in the regulation of NF-kappaB transcriptional activity. Several groups have reported potentiation of NF-kappaB-mediated gene induction [by specific inducers (such as TNFalpha)], following deacetylase inhibition by trichostatin A or sodi...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2004.05.039
更新日期:2004-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1), an antioxidant enzyme, induced by rosiglitazone (PPAR ligands) can be a potential treatment of inflammation. However, the mechanisms of rosiglitazone-induced HO-1 expression in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs) remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that upregulatio...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2017.12.024
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The triazolobenzodiazepine compound alprazolam may have unique clinical effects compared to other benzodiazepines, and both behavioral and neurochemical studies have indicated unusual results after acute doses of alprazolam. To determine the effects of chronic dosage in mice, alprazolam (2 mg/kg/day) was administered ...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(89)90584-4
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Squalene synthase (SQS) catalyses a step following the final branch in the pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis. Inhibition of this enzyme, therefore, is an approach for the treatment of atherosclerosis with the potential for low side effects. We have characterised the inhibition of rat liver microsomal SQS by 3-(biphe...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(96)00090-1
更新日期:1996-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::The Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, LY294002 (LY2), has been previously reported to inhibit nuclear factor κB (NFκB) activity, in a PI3K-independent mechanism. The goals of the current research were to determine the specificity of LY2 regarding NFκB subunits, and to identify relevant modulation of cyto...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.025
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synthetic ether lipids (EL) exert their antiproliferative action on leukemic cells through localization in the plasma membrane with subsequent biochemical effects which are still being elucidated. In the present study, the modulation of membrane-linked ATPase activity was investigated in relation to changes in membran...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(92)90246-f
更新日期:1992-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::"Are new neurons added in the adult mammalian brain?" "Do neural stem cells activate following CNS diseases?" "How can we modulate their activation to promote recovery?" Recent findings in the field provide novel insights for addressing these questions from a new perspective. In this review, we will summarize the curr...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2017.07.003
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An inhibitor of diacylglycerol kinase, R59022, enhanced activation of the neutrophil oxidase stimulated by the Ca2+-ionophore, A23187 (1 microM), and by N-formyl-methionyl leucyl-phenylalanine (1 microM). The enhancement was reversed by two inhibitors of c-kinase, retinal (10 microM), and gossypol (20 microM). Activat...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(87)90326-1
更新日期:1987-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The bisindolylmaleimide Ro 31-8220 is a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C. This compound was used to investigate the involvement of protein kinase C in the stimulation of gastric acid secretion by the muscarinic cholinergic receptor on rat isolated parietal cells. The accumulation of the weak base aminopyrine by...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(93)90541-4
更新日期:1993-08-17 00:00:00