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Corneal penetration of fluoroquinolones: aqueous humor concentrations after topical application of levofloxacin 0.5% and ofloxacin 0.3% eyedrops.

Abstract：

PURPOSE:To investigate the penetration of topically applied levofloxacin 0.5% and ofloxacin 0.3% eyedrops into the aqueous humor of patients having cataract surgery. SETTING:Hochkreuzklinik Eye Hospital, Bonn, Germany. METHODS:In this randomized, investigator-masked study, 69 patients received 4 drops of either levofloxacin 0.5% or ofloxacin 0.3% eyedrops within 1 hour (60 min, 45 min, 30 min, and 15 min) of elective cataract surgery. Aqueous humor samples of at least 50 muL were drawn from the anterior chamber at the beginning of the cataract operation. The concentrations of the fluoroquinolones in the anterior chambers were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. To exclude a dilution effect of the anterior chamber (AC), they were related to the AC volumes (measured by 3-dimensional modeling of central Orbscan [Bausch & Lomb] slit-image photos) and AC depths (measured by ultrasound). RESULTS:The mean concentration of levofloxacin (1139.9 ng/mL +/- 717.1 [SD]) in the aqueous humor was significantly higher (P = .0008) than that of ofloxacin (621.7 +/- 368.7 ng/mL). The aqueous humor concentrations correlated negatively with the measured volumes and depths of the ACs. CONCLUSIONS:The new fluoroquinolone, levofloxacin, is more soluble in water enabling the use of higher drug concentrations (0.5%) compared with other currently available fluoroquinolone eyedrops (0.3%). The concentration AC with levofloxacin eyedrops was about 2-fold that reached with ofloxacin eyedrops. The concentration of the antibacterial isomer was approximately 3.5 to 4 times higher when levofloxacin was administered, assuming negligible stereoselective uptake.

journal_name

J Cataract Refract Surg

journal_title

Journal of cataract and refractive surgery

authors

Koch HR,Kulus SC,Roessler M,Ropo A,Geldsetzer K

doi

10.1016/j.jcrs.2004.12.063

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2005-07-01 00:00:00

pages

1377-85

issue

eissn

0886-3350

issn

1873-4502

pii

S0886-3350(05)00278-6

journal_volume

pub_type

临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

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Corneal penetration of fluoroquinolones: aqueous humor concentrations after topical application of levofloxacin 0.5% and ofloxacin 0.3% eyedrops.